Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-14T14:10:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-03-30. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2017-03-14T14:42:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000874521_20170330.pdf: 98903 bytes, checksum: b6d5c9da1442c85bfd1576edc917d187 (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2017-03-31T12:19:28Z: 000874521_20170330.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2017-03-31T12:20:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000874521.pdf: 1184298 bytes, checksum: 3c815e7db076a63baa90c4057c3bf4a2 (MD5) / Cimentos de silicato decálciosão estudados como materiais reparadores. O estudo foi divido em 4 capítulos: No primeiro, citotoxicidade (MTT e Apoptose), genotoxicidade (teste Cometa) foram avaliadas em Saos-2 para os materiais: Cimentos de silicato de cálcio puro (CSC); Modificado (CSCM); Resinoso (CSCR1, CSCR2 e CSCR3). Na viabilidade, CSC e CSCR3 (50mg/mL) foram citotóxicos. CSCR1, CSCR2 e CSCR3 mostraram maior apoptose. Somente CSC e CSCR2 não foram genotóxicos em 10mg/mL (P<0.05). No cap.2, CSCM e CSCR2, foram associados a radiopacificadores: óxido de zircônio e óxido de nióbio (micro e nano), óxido de bismuto, tungstato de cálcio. MTA foi o controle para citotoxicidade e bioatividade. Todos foram viáveis e apresentaram apoptose semelhantes (1:8). A necrose foi superior (P<0.05). Ambos CSCs induziram fosfatase alcalina (ALP) e ARS. No cap.3, Biodentine (Septodont), MTA Plus (Avalon), CSCRs Nb2O5 e ZrO2 foram analisados quanto à cito e genotoxicidade. No MTT (1, 3 e 7d), todos foram similares. No qPCR, houve expressão de BAX (3d.) para CSCRs, MTAP e CSCR ZrO2 (5d). Para BCL2, (3 e 5d) somente MTAP e CSCR Nb2O5 (5d.). Na genotoxicidade, todos (1:2 e 1:8) permaneceram similares (P<0.05). Cap. 4, os mesmos foram avaliados na bioatividade: MTT, proliferação celular, ALP (1, 3 e 7d), qPCR (alp e ocn), e ARS. Todos os grupos foram viáveis e induziram ALP, ARS e expressão gênica, destacando os materiais CSCR Nb2O5 e Biodentine. Desta forma, os materiais apresentam potencial biológico para ser usado na endodontia. Estudos adicionais devem ser realizados, especialmente para os materiais experimentais. / Calcium silicate-based cements are studied as reparative materials. This study was divided into 4 chapters: In the first, cytotoxicity (MTT and apoptosis) and genotoxicity (Comet assay) were evaluated in Saos-2 for: Pure calcium silicatebased (CSC); Modified (CSCM); resin-based (CSCR1, CSCR2, CSCR3). In the Viability assay, CSC and CSCR3 (50mg/mL) showed lower cell viability. CSCR1, CSCR2, CSCR3 showed more apoptosis. Only CSC and CSCR2 were not genotoxity in 10mg/mL (P<0.05). Chapter 2, CSCM and CSCR2 were associated with radiopacifiers: zirconium oxide and niobium oxide (micro and nano), bismuth oxide and calcium tungstate. MTA was used for the control of cytotoxicity and bioactivity tests. All were viable and showed similar apoptosis (1:8). Necrosis was superior (P<0.05). CSCM and CSCR induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and ARS. Chapter 3, was compared Biodentine (Septodont), MTA Plus (Avalon), CSCRs ZrO2 and Nb2O5, on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. In MTT (1, 3 and 7 days) all were similar. In the qPCR, BAX was expressed by CSCRs (3d). MTAP and CSCR ZrO2 expressed in 5 days. For BCL2 gene (3 and 5d) only MTAP and CSCR Nb2O5 (5d). In genotoxixity assay, all (1:2 and 1:8) were similar (P<0.05). Chapter 4, we evaluated the same materials in Saos2 bioactivity: MTT, cell proliferation, ALP (1, 3 and 7d), qPCR (alp and ocn) and ARS. All groups were viable and induced ALP, ARS and gene expression, particularly CSCR Nb2O5 and Biodentine. Therefore, the biological materials has the potential to be used in endodontics. Additional studies should be conducted, especially for experimental cements. Additional studies should be conducted, especially for experimental cements.

Abstract not available

The torsion test was evaluated as a method for determining the shear strength of full-size structural lumber. The evaluation involved an experimental length study, an experimental depth study, and a finite element study. The length study consisted of fifty nominal 2x4 specimens, ten specimens for each length, and ten American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) shear blocks. One 14 foot long board yielded one specimen for each length: (a) 21.0", (b) 28.5", (c) 32.0", (d) 35.5", (e) 39.0", and (f) an ASTM D143-94 shear block. The statistical analysis revealed no evidence that the length affected the shear strength. The depth study consisted of fifty specimens, ten specimens for each depth: (a) 2x4, (b) 2x6, (c) 2x8, (d) 2x10, and (e) 2x12. In addition, fifty ASTM shear blocks, one block for each specimen, were tested. The statistical study did not reveal convincing evidence of a depth effect on shear strength, even after accounting for specific gravity and shear span as covariates. Failure modes for the torsion samples involved a longitudinal shear crack at the mid-point of the longest side, which propagated toward the ends of the specimen and through the cross section perpendicular to the growth rings. The finite element model revealed that uniform shear stress occurs within the shear span, which begins and ends a distance of approximately two times the depth plus the grip distance away from each end of the member. In addition, torsion theory verified that the experimental shear failure plane that occurs within the shear span is parallel to the grain and the shear slippage is also parallel to the grain, similar to the known shear failure in specimens subjected to bending loads. Based on the results of this study, the torsion test is the best practical method to determine the pure shear strength of full-size structural lumber, because the test yields 100% shear failures and the specimen is in a state of pure shear stress. / Graduation date: 1998

In 1987, Congress authorized a 5 year $150 million dollar research program called the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP). SHRP was divided into four major areas, including the asphalt research program. The asphalt research program was divided into six major research contracts, one such contract, SHRP-003A was called Performance Related Testing and Measuring of Asphalt Aggregate Interaction and Mixtures. Oregon State University performed the portion of this contract related to the development and validation of accelerated test procedures for aging, low temperature cracking, and moisture sensitivity of asphalt-aggreagte mixtures. This thesis contains five independent papers that discuss elements of the development, validation, and or implementation of these accelerated test procedures. In the first paper, the relationship between field performance and laboratory aging properties of asphalt-aggregate mixtures is discussed, including the relative importance of asphalt binder and aggregate type on the amount of aging experience. Based on this work recommended aging procedures are presented to simulate different environmental conditions and pavement age. The second paper makes use of the large body of resilient modulus data conducted as part of the SHRP research effort to compare data obtain in the diametral and the triaxial mode. It is not possible to give a relationship between triaxial and diametral resilient modulus, without describing specimen geometry and other test conditions. The third paper discusses the effect of aging on the thermal cracking properties of asphalt-aggregate mixtures. The temperature at which aging occurs affects the way cold temperature fracture properties change with time. Low temperatures result in quenching of the aging process, while high temperatures result in continued aging. The fourth paper discusses work conducted in association with the Oregon Department of Transportation to extend the environmental conditioning system (ECS) test procedure for moisture assessment to open graded mixtures. Comparison in the ECS of mixtures with and without anti-strip agents added indicates that they don't always decrease moisture damage potential. The final paper presents a discussion of asphalt chemistry and its relationship to asphalt-aggregate mixture performance. Using the SHRP asphalt model, aging and low temperature performance data collected at Oregon State University is explained. / Graduation date: 1995

Graduation date: 1993

This research investigates the effects of beam diffraction from a source of finite width on nonlinear Rayleigh wave propagation in an elastic half space. Previous work has shown that nonlinear ultrasonic Rayleigh waves can be used to evaluate material damage due to plastic deformation and fatigue. In this measurement, a relatively small wedge transducer is employed to launch Rayleigh surface waves in the specimen and the first and second harmonic amplitudes are measured in the far field as a function of propagation distance. In order to obtain a reliable set of measurement data, one needs to make numerous points in a wide range of distance, which can be impractical in many cases. This research investigates model is employed and the computation results are compared with experiment ones. This research will make measurements on 7075-T651 aluminum as a specimen, compensate the diffraction effects and then, will compare the feasibility of the method proposed in this research in the results of normalized second harmonic amplitude vs propagation distance.

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M. Tech. Mechanical Engineering / The increased use of composite materials in different industries has led to the realization of some of its benefits and disadvantages. One of the major problems, however, is the availability of biaxial test data for different composite materials. This is because structures during application face multi-axial stress states examples of such stress state scenarios include wind turbine blades and pressure vessels. This has also led to diverse range of test methods and material compositions such as combining different fibbers. The material used in this work is polymer matrix honeycomb sandwich panels. Sandwich panels are fabricated by attaching two thin stiff skins of fiber glass or carbon fiber reinforced laminates to a lightweight core. This work addresses some of the major advantages and disadvantages of this testing method. The main objective of this study is to develop a repeatable, cost effective and time efficient method for multi-axial testing of sandwich panels using existing resources.

No description available.