Thesis (M.Sc.) - Carleton University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 162-164). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.) -- Memorial University of Newfoundland. / Typescript. Bibliography : leaves 97-105. Also available online.

Originally presented as the author's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1970. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-99).

Thesis (Ph. D. in Mathematics)--Vanderbilt University, May 2006. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Masivní vývoj Internetu vedl ke zvýšeným požadavkům na spolehlivou síťovou infrastrukturu. Efektivita komunikace v síti závisí na schopnosti směrovačů určit nejlepší cestu pro odesílání a přeposílání paketů ke koncovému zařízení. Jelikož OSPF v současné době představuje jeden z nejpoužívanějších směrovacích protokolů, jakýkoli přínos, který by pomohl udržet krok s rychle se měnícím prostředí Internetu, je velmi vítán. Významným omezením OSPF protokolu je, mimo jiné, absence informovanosti algoritmu pro výpočet metriky o aktuálním vytížení linky. Tato vlastnost představuje tzv. slabé místo, což má negativní vliv na výkonnost sítě. Z tohoto důvodu byla navržena nová metoda založená na dynamické adaptaci měnících se síťových podmínek a alternativní strategii OSPF metrik. Navržená metoda řeší problém neinformovanosti OSPF metriky o síťovém provozu a nevhodně vytížených linek, které snižují výkonnost sítě. Práce rovněž přináší praktickou realizaci, kdy vlastnosti nové metody jsou testovány a ověřeny spuštěním testů algoritmu v reálných zařízeních.

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This dissertation examines human mobility and population interactions at the Imperial Roman (ca. 1st–3rd c. CE) sites of Isola Sacra (SCR) at Portus, Velia in the Cilento of Italy, and Rue Jacques Brel Necropolis (JBR) in Saintes, France. Isotopes of oxygen (18Oc) and strontium (87Sr/86Sr) are used to assess instances of human mobility from the enamel of second molars (M2), providing a gauge of movement after age ~7–8 years. Nonmetric traits are employed in conjunction with isotopic perspectives to examine the nature of biological affinities and phenetic divergence between these three sites. Isotopic results of this study indicate that a significant number of individuals, including females and children, were mobile towards the sites at which they were ultimately interred, with the highest estimates of mobility provided by 18Oc seeing rates between 25%–38% across the three sites. 87Sr/86Sr results provided lower estimates of mobility ranging from zero cases at Velia to 30% at JBR, while combined 18Oc and 87Sr/86Sr analyses provided the lowest estimates of mobility ranging from zero cases at Velia to 20% at JBR. Such results suggest that a combined isotope approach may not necessarily increase the degree of mobility discrimination, bringing into question issues of regional homogeneity and overlap in 18Oc and 87Sr/86Sr values for the regions examined. A further examination of 18Oc variation in M1 vs. M2 vs. M3 for a sub-sample of 20 individuals indicates that childhood mobility was taking place at Portus. Nonmetric trait analysis provides insight to the nature of biological population similarity and divergence. Across the three sites SCR is the most similar to JBR and Velia, while Velia and JBR are the most dissimilar. The nature of these similarities suggests that overall the biological background of the people interred at JBR, SCR, and Velia is similar, but with unique regional phenetic differences indicating distinct biological populations at all three sites. Using these multiple lines of evidence this dissertation emphasizes a significant degree of mobility and population heterogeneity across the Roman landscape. It is evident from the research findings presented here that with the expanding Roman empire mobility and population interaction remained staples of Roman life. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

As quantitative validation measures have become available, so has the controversy regarding the construction of such measures. The complexity of the physical processes involved is compounded by uncertainties introduced due to model inputs, experimental errors, and modeling assumptions just to name a few. Also, how these uncertainties are treated is of major importance. In this dissertation, the issues associated with several state of the art quantitative validation metrics are discussed in detail. Basic Verification and Validation (V&V) framework is introduced outlining areas where some agreement has been reached in the engineering community. In addition, carefully constructed examples are used to shed light on differences among the state of the art validation metrics. The results show that the univariate validation metric fails to account for correlation structure due to common systematic error sources in the comparison error results. Also, the confidence interval metric is an inadequate measure of the noise level of the validation exercise. Therefore, the multivariate validation metric should be utilized whenever possible. In addition, end-to-end examples of the V&V effort are provided using the multivariate and univariate validation metrics. Methodology is introduced using Monte Carlo analysis to construct the covariance matrix used in the multivariate validation metric when non-linear sensitivities exist. Also, the examples show how multiple iterations of the validation exercise can lead to a successful validation effort. Finally, modular uncertainty techniques are introduced for the uncertainty analysis of large systems where many data reduction equations or models are used to examine multiple outputs of interest. In addition, the modular uncertainty methodology was shown to be an equivalent method to the traditional propagation of errors approach with a drastic reduction in computational effort. The modular uncertainty technique also has the advantage in that insight is given into the relationship between the uncertainties of the quantities of interest being examined. An extension of the modular uncertainty methodology to cover full scale V&V exercises is also introduced.

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