The main aim of this work was to study the issue of the SNMP protocol and MIB database in order to focus on management and configuration of MIB database using the SNMP protocol. The Master's thesis in detail describes especially creating a communications model of the Manager - Agent type in an OPNET Modeler. In this modeling tool we created exchange of information from the side of the Manager to the side of the Agent via SNMP packets. The Master's thesis is mainly focused on the creation of the SNMP packet according to defined rules, then on reading of information from the MIB database on the side of the Agent and saves this information to the Manager’s MIB database. Exchange of informations is realized via the messages of type GetRequest, GetNext and GetResponse. These models are programmed in language C/C++ and then implemented into the environment of OPNET Modeler.

This thesis reports on a study which investigated the application of social media in teaching Malay Islamic Monarchy (MIB) in a University of Brunei. The aim was to complement the on-campus delivery of this module, encourage student engagement and produce more active than passive learners. However, tensions existed between social media and the content of the course because of the potential of social media to drown and influence Bruneian Malay cultures and Islamic beliefs in a way that is not consistent with MIB. A questionnaire to 362 undergraduate students at the University of Brunei Darussalam taking the PB1501 MIB module in the semester 1 2012/2013 provided an initial sense of social media use and expectations. Six MIB teachers were also selected to represent different perspective of using social media in MIB module. Furthermore, the observation of ten MIB Facebook groups spaces and content analysis of ten MIB Facebook groups' transcripts produced information on teaching and learning activities as well as findings as to how teachers facilitate student engagement. The findings of the study indicate that whilst social media is a tool that should be able to solve the pedagogical problems in the MIB course, at the same time cultural obstacles are perceived by some teachers in this particular setting, impacting on its acceptance. Findings suggest that the implementation of social media such as Facebook in order to solve a pedagogical problem have raised tensions in this specific cultural environment. The research also shows the MIB teachers have mixed feelings about the fact that social media could complement MIB education. A way of conceiving the tensions between these issues is provided by the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework developed by Koehler and Mishra (2009), which is used to understand teacher decisions with respect to MIB, MIB pedagogy and social media (TPACK). This shows the connections and interactions between the content of MIB, the MIB pedagogy and social media.

Water is a vital natural resource. To develop more sustainable water systems, we must focus efforts on the removal of persistent contaminants. Aqueous organic contaminants include azo dyes, halogenated organics (e.g. pesticides), and algal and bacterial metabolites. The latter are common to surface waters and freshwater aquaculture systems and can cause taste and odor problems. Two of the principal organoleptic compounds are geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB). Traditional oxidation treatment methods, utilizing chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium permanganate, have been employed with varying levels of efficacy for removal of these and other organic contaminants. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have greater potential for the removal of persistent contaminants than traditional methods due to their higher pollutant removal rates, their ability to degrade a variety of organic material, and their ability to completely mineralize compounds [1]. An emerging AOP technology is the use of titania based photocatalysts for water treatment. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an effective, inexpensive, and stable photocatalyst used for the decomposition of aqueous organics. Titania is primarily activated by the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum due to its energy band gap of 3.0-3.2 eV (depending upon crystalline structure). Photocatalytic efficiency can be enhanced or tuned through the use of semiconductor dopants and the variance of titania crystal structure (i.e. anatase to rutile ratios). Metal oxides, like indium vanadate (InVO4), may enhance reaction rates through new interfacial reaction sites and electron scavenging, transport, and storage. InVO4 has been shown to have four sub-bandgap transitions, of which three are in the visible range [2]. In this work, the synthesis of InVO4-TiO2 composite semiconductors is examined to shift photo-initiation into the visible portion of the spectrum. Parametric studies of the visible spectrum photodegradation of methyl orange, an azo dye, and 2-chlorophenol provide a basis for analysis. Methyl orange was utilized to ascertain the effect of pure and mixed phase titania in the semiconductor composites. The TiO2 photodegradation of geosmin and MIB has been previously demonstrated in small-scale batch slurry reactions. Slurry systems require the downstream separation of catalyst from the liquid. Laboratory trials use centrifugation or micro-filtration. Alternatively, immobilization of the photocatalyst could allow scale-up of the process. Here, titania was immobilized on glass plate substrates using an ethanol spray technique. Finally, naturally tainted waters may contain a number of constituents in addition to the target compounds. In recirculating aquaculture systems, the water contains natural organic matter (NOM), ammonia, nitrite/ nitrate, and carbonate species. These constituents may block light penetration, block reaction sites, scavenge hydroxyl radicals, or affect the surface chemistry of the catalyst. Further, geosmin and MIB concentrations are extremely low, in the ppt range. Naturally tainted waters from MOTE Marine Laboratory Aquaculture Research Park are treated in the laboratory and in situ to demonstrate TiO2 degradation efficiency for trace concentration geosmin and MIB degradation in a complex water matrix.

Iodine number, BET surface area, taste and odour compound isotherms, and trace capacity number tests were used to rank five different granular activated carbons according to thermodynamic adsorption performance. These tests were compared to expected activated carbon service life and loading results of rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) run with water from two lake sources spiked with geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB). Trace capacity number, used to specifically identify high adsorption energy sites on activated carbon, was hypothesized to be correlated to geosmin/MIB breakthrough and loading performance of different activated carbons. This study found no such clear correlation. However, when only bituminous coal activated carbons were considered, correlations to MIB breakthrough were strengthened. Natural organic matter (NOM) adversely affected adsorption, resulting in decreased RSSCT throughput to breakthrough in surface water with higher total organic carbon (TOC). Methods for improving characterization tests and RSSCTs when NOM is present are discussed.

Iodine number, BET surface area, taste and odour compound isotherms, and trace capacity number tests were used to rank five different granular activated carbons according to thermodynamic adsorption performance. These tests were compared to expected activated carbon service life and loading results of rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) run with water from two lake sources spiked with geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB). Trace capacity number, used to specifically identify high adsorption energy sites on activated carbon, was hypothesized to be correlated to geosmin/MIB breakthrough and loading performance of different activated carbons. This study found no such clear correlation. However, when only bituminous coal activated carbons were considered, correlations to MIB breakthrough were strengthened. Natural organic matter (NOM) adversely affected adsorption, resulting in decreased RSSCT throughput to breakthrough in surface water with higher total organic carbon (TOC). Methods for improving characterization tests and RSSCTs when NOM is present are discussed.

This research focuses on developing a secure, SNMP-based network management system specifically tailored for deployment in internetworks that rely on low-bandwidth backbone networks. The network management system developed uses a two-level hierarchy of network management applications consisting of one top-level management application communicating with several mid-level management applications strategically distributed throughout the internetwork. Mid-level management applications conduct routine monitoring chores on behalf of the top-level management application and report results in a way that makes intelligent use of the limited bandwidth available on the backbone network. The security framework is based on using SNMPv2c over IPSec. This research shows that the other security alternative considered, SNMPv3, consumes as much as 24 percent more network capacity than SNMPv2c over IPSec. The management framework is based on the Management by Delegation (MbD) model and is implemented using the IETF DISMAN Script MIB. This research demonstrates that the MbD-based management framework consumes only 2 percent of the network capacity required by the traditional, centralized management scheme. / Master of Science

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The accelerated growth of algal blooms in water bodies has caused the increased occurrence of taste and odor (T&O) episodes worldwide. Even though T&O compounds have not been associated with adverse health effects, their presence can have extensive socio-economic impacts in contaminated waters. Eagle Creek Reservoir, a eutrophic water body, which supplies about 80% of Indianapolis drinking water, experiences frequent and sometimes severe odorous outbreaks. The terpenoid bacterial metabolites, 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin, have been identified as the main compounds contributing to those T&O problems, which occur seasonally when the reservoir receives most of its water and nutrient loads from discharge events. In this study, ECR’s microbial community composition was assessed by a 16S next generation sequencing approach, confirming the presence of the major bacterial phyla of Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, which are commonly found in freshwater environments. The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria, which are regarded as the main T&O producers in freshwater, followed the fluctuation of 2-MIB and geosmin concentrations closely. Mapping sequence analysis of a metagenomic dataset, successfully recovered the genes responsible for the synthesis of geosmin and 2-MIB, demonstrating the microbial ability for odorous compound production in ECR. Quantification of the geoA and MIBS genes in Cyanobacteria was achieved by the development and application of qPCR assays on water samples collected from the reservoir. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between MIBS gene quantity and MIB concentration for all sampling locations, implying that this assay could potentially be used as a tool for the early prediction of upcoming T&O episodes. The geoA gene detection assay, did not correlate well with geosmin concentrations, suggesting that even though the gene might be present, this does not necessarily mean that it is metabolically active.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of purification processes at the Rand Water Zuikerbosch treatment plant near Vereeniging. Raw water is abstracted via a canal and gravity pipeline from the Vaal Dam (in the upper Vaal River) and purified to ensure it meets the stringent standards set for drinkable water. The first step was to determine the ecological status of the raw water and it was done by measuring chemical, physical and biological variables as well as to identify and enumerate the different algal groups that occur in the raw water. The turbidity of the raw water was low but the phosphorous and ortho–phosphate levels were high. The Cyanophyceae (blue–green bacteria) especially Anabaena species were dominant in the raw water for the duration of the study. Potential problems such as relatively high alkalinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solids (TDS) as well as potentially hazardous chemicals such as cadmium and lead were observed in the raw water. The Zuikerbosch Water Treatment Plant (ZWTP) is a conventional water treatment plant which involves the following stages: coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, sand filtration and chlorination. The use of pre–treatment chemicals ensures better water quality and effective removal of particles from the water. Only five of the variables (methylisoborneol (MIB); geosmin; chlorophyll–a; chlorophyll–665 and total organic carbon (TOC) were measured before filtration, after filtration and in the final water. Samples from the raw water, before and after filtration, as well as final water were collected weekly for a period of two years to measure the environmental variables as well as to do algal identification and enumeration. The purification processes at ZWTP were not able to remove MIB, geosmin, chlorophyll–a and TOC from the final water. Algal concentration was reduced but not totally removed by the purification processes. Although some variables were not totally removed by the purification processes, ZWTP produce potable water that complies with the Rand Water guidelines. / Thesis (M. Environmental Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of purification processes at the Rand Water Zuikerbosch treatment plant near Vereeniging. Raw water is abstracted via a canal and gravity pipeline from the Vaal Dam (in the upper Vaal River) and purified to ensure it meets the stringent standards set for drinkable water. The first step was to determine the ecological status of the raw water and it was done by measuring chemical, physical and biological variables as well as to identify and enumerate the different algal groups that occur in the raw water. The turbidity of the raw water was low but the phosphorous and ortho–phosphate levels were high. The Cyanophyceae (blue–green bacteria) especially Anabaena species were dominant in the raw water for the duration of the study. Potential problems such as relatively high alkalinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solids (TDS) as well as potentially hazardous chemicals such as cadmium and lead were observed in the raw water. The Zuikerbosch Water Treatment Plant (ZWTP) is a conventional water treatment plant which involves the following stages: coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, sand filtration and chlorination. The use of pre–treatment chemicals ensures better water quality and effective removal of particles from the water. Only five of the variables (methylisoborneol (MIB); geosmin; chlorophyll–a; chlorophyll–665 and total organic carbon (TOC) were measured before filtration, after filtration and in the final water. Samples from the raw water, before and after filtration, as well as final water were collected weekly for a period of two years to measure the environmental variables as well as to do algal identification and enumeration. The purification processes at ZWTP were not able to remove MIB, geosmin, chlorophyll–a and TOC from the final water. Algal concentration was reduced but not totally removed by the purification processes. Although some variables were not totally removed by the purification processes, ZWTP produce potable water that complies with the Rand Water guidelines. / Thesis (M. Environmental Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

ITC/USA 2006 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Second Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 23-26, 2006 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / Airborne data acquisition systems have changed very little over the years. Their growth has primarily been in the area of digital filtering and the acquisition of new avionic busses. Communication between data acquisition units operating as a system still employs Time Division Multiplexing scheme. These schemes utilize command and data busses like CAIS and PCM. Although this approach is highly efficient, it has many drawbacks. These drawbacks have resulted in rigid system architecture, system bandwidth limitations, highly specialized recorders to acquire unique avionic busses that would otherwise overwhelm the system bandwidth, and unidirectional flow of data and control. This paper describes a network centric data acquisition system that is Ethernet based. Although Ethernet is known as an asynchronous bus, the paper will describe a deterministic time distribution over the bus per IEEE-1588 that allows the use of a packet network for airborne data acquisition. The acquisition unit within the network system is defined by its MIB (Management Information Base) and operates as a data source unit. Other network components may operate as a data sink unit, such as recorders, or as a data source and sink. The role of different units in the network system will be evaluated. The paper will also describe network gateways that allow the use of traditional PCM systems with a network-based system.