Thesis--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1963. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-113).

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- McMaster University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-152). Also available via World Wide Web.

Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

M.Tech. (Electrical Engineering) / Please refer to full text for abstract

Municipal wastewater treatment using biological nutrient removal generates large amounts of waste sludge. An effort is made to solubilize nutrients from sludge and reuse them in subsequent processes. The microwave-enhanced advanced oxidation (MW/H₂O₂-AOP) process using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant was applied to the treatment of different organic slurries including wasted sludge, blood meal, and fish silage. The factors controlling phosphates, ammonia, and COD release into solution included inorganic acid addition, hydrogen peroxide dosage, treatment times and temperatures. Higher dosages and treatment temperatures yielded better solubilization of phosphates and ammonia. It was found that approximately all of the COD was solubilized at a treatment temperature of 80°C. Volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations were also found to have increased with the amount of inorganic acid added into treatment. Up to 25% of soluble COD was composed of acetic acid. Higher irradiation levels tended to be more effective in the solubilization of nutrients. In terms of trends of particle size distribution, detectable particles increased in size in acidic conditions, with the largest fraction of larger particles in a given sample being the treatment with highest irradiation power. In neutral condition treatments, the higher the irradiation power provided to the samples, the more spread out the particle sizes range. In alkaline condition treatments, an increase in smaller particles were found after treatment; higher power irradiation yielded significantly higher numbers of smaller particles. This study provided an insight into the athermal effects of theMW/H₂O₂-AOP. Blood meal solubilization for the purpose of its application as an organic feritilizer was investigated using theMW/H₂O₂-AOP. It was found that over the treatment temperature range of 60 to l20C, solids particle reduction, ammonia and orthophosphate production were achieved. Maximum solubility of chemical oxygen demand (COD) occurred at 80°C. Without the addition of acid, soluble COD decreased due to protein denaturation and coagulation out of the solution. Fish silage is also a valuable fertilizer for organic greenhouse hydroponics operations, but a pretreatment step is required. It was found that up to 26% of total Kjeldahl nitrogen could be released as ammonia with 6% hydrogen peroxide dosage at 170°C. An increase of nitrate/nitrite concentration was observed with higher hydrogen peroxide dosage and higher microwave temperature. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Civil Engineering, Department of / Graduate

Double perturbation theory is applied to the problem of measuring the molecular dipole moment of a linear or symmetric top molecule in the presence of a single quadrupolar nucleus. A computer program is developed and a new value for the dipole moment of methyl iodide is reported. / Science, Faculty of / Chemistry, Department of / Graduate

The microwave spectra and structures of three molecules have been investigated; these are: sulphur dichloride (SCI₂), dichlorosilane (SiH₂Cl₂) and propiolyl chloride (H-C=C-C0Cl). Sulphur Dichloride: The microwave spectra of ³²S³⁵Cl₂ in the ground and v₂ = 1 excited vibrational states, and of ³²S³⁵Cl³⁷Cl in the ground state have been measured in the 12-40 GHz frequency region. The spectra of the ground state species have been analysed to yield values for the rotational constants, the quartic centrifugal distortion constants and a partial set of sextic centrifugal distortion constants. Precise rotational constants have been obtained for the v₂=1 excited state of ³²S³⁵Cl₂. A complete set of harmonic force constants has been determined from the quartic centrifugal distortion constants and the variation of the inertial defect with vibrational state. The wavenumbers of the three vibrational fundamentals of sulphur dichloride have been predicted, and are in excellent agreement with the observed values. An effective and a partial substitution structure for sulphur dichloride have been evaluated from the ground state rotational constants. The harmonic force constants have been used to obtain the average structures of ³²S³⁵Cl₂ in the ground and v₂=1 states. The ground state average structural parameters of 32S35C12 are: r[sub=z](S-Cl) = 2.01525 ± 0.00008 Å and <(Cl-S-Cl) = 102.730 + 0.005° The equilibrium structure of sulphur dichloride has also been estimated. Dichlorosilane: The microwave spectra of ²⁸SiH₂³⁵Cl₂, ²⁸SiH₂³⁵Cl³⁷Cl and ²⁹SiH₂³⁵Cl₂ have been measured in the 8-40 GHz frequency range. The spectra have been analysed to yield values for the rotational constants, quartic centrifugal distortion constants and chlorine nuclear quadrupole coupling constants, as well as the molecular dipole moment, 1.129 ± 0.020 Debye. The molecule has been shown to have C₂v symmetry. Effective and partial substitution structures have been obtained for dichlorosilane using the experimental values for the rotational constants. Further, the quartic centrifugal distortion constants have been combined with existing vibrational data to determine a harmonic force field which, in turn, has been used to derive the ground state average structural parameters of ³²S³⁵Cl₂.These are: r[sub=z] (Si-Cl)=2.0352 ± 0.0003 Å, <(C1-Si-Cl) = 109.68 ± 0.03°; r[sub=z](Si-H)=1.4726 ± 0.0025 Å , <(H-Si-H) =112.44 ± 0.28°. The equilibrium structure of dichlorosilane has also been estimated. Propiolyl Chloride: The microwave spectra of HCCCO³⁵Cl, HCCCO³⁷C1, DCCCO³⁵Cl.and DCCCO³⁷CI have been measured in the ground and, except 37 for DCCCO³⁷CI, the vg = 1 vibrational states. The spectra have yielded values for the rotational constants, quartic centrifugal distortion constants and chlorine nuclear quadrupole coupling constants, as well as the molecular dipole moment, 2.717 ± 0.035 Debye. The quartic centrifugal distortion constants have been combined with existing vibrational data to determine an approximate harmonic force field. Having assumed a reasonable structure for the ethynyl group, the force field was used to obtain the ground state average structure of propiolyl chloride. These results suggest that the carbon chain in propiolyl chloride has a deviation from linearity of less than one degree. / Science, Faculty of / Chemistry, Department of / Graduate

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