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A study of the health impact of air pollution from the Mae Moh thermal power plant in Thailand /Rahman, Mizanur, Winai Nutmagul, January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.Sc. (Environmental Management))--Mahidol University, 2004.
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Behandlas analgetikainducerad huvudvärk bäst medavbrytande av analgetikabehandling?Matti, Salam January 2020 (has links)
Introduktion: Överanvändning av all analgetika både som monoterapi eller i kombination är ofta associerad med utveckling av en sekundär huvudvärk även kallad läkemedelsinducerad huvudvärk(MOH). Huvudvärk i sig kan behandlas på egenhand och smärtstillande läkemedel köps receptfritt. Analgetikaanvändning, missbruk och överanvändning representerar större hälsoproblem förknippade med flera negativa hälsokonsekvenser som läkemedelsinducerad huvudvärk, högre blodtryck och hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar. MOH definieras som en kronisk huvudvärksstörning vilket innebär en huvudvärk som förekommer under mer än 15 dagar per månad under mer än tre månader i sträck i kombination med en överanvändning av analgetika definierat som analgetikaintag under mer än 15 dagar i månaden under minst tre månader Metod: En systematisk litteratursökning utfördes i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Relevanta studietyper var randomiserade studier, systematiska översikter och kohortstudier. Studierna relevans- och kvalitetsgranskades med hjälp av granskningsmallar från Statens beredning för medicinsk och social utvärdering. Syfte: Syftet med projektet var att undersöka vilka evidens det finns för behandling av MOH med hjälp av olika tilläggsbehandlingar jämfört med att bara sätta ut analgetikan. Resultat: 10 studier inkluderades i projektet. Det framkom att tilläggsbehandlingar med prednisolon, celecoxib, botulinumtoxin och paracetamol inte ger stora fördelar jämfört med att sätta ut det överanvända läkemedlet. Tilläggsbehandlingar gav främst en minskning av biverkningar vid MOH när man sätter ut analgetikan. Istället var utbildning av patienter och motivering en stor bidragande faktor till att få patienter att avsluta sin överanvändning och därmed bota sin MOH. Utbildning gjorde att patienter minskade sina huvudvärksdagar per månad samt antal medicinerings dagar per månad utan att få tilläggsbehandling. Slutsats:Slutsatsen som kan dras av studien är att de tilläggsbehandlingar som har provats under dessa studier inte ger en tydlig förbättring av MOH utan bara symtom lindring och att enbart få patienten att förstå sjukdomen kan vara det sättet man bör gå tillväga för att bota MOH.
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Locating 'home': Strategies of settlement, identity-formation and social change among African women in Cape Town, 1948-2000Lee, Rebekah January 2002 (has links)
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / This dissertation constructs a social history of African women in Cape Town from the vantage point of their varied attempts over the last five decades to map 'home' in the urban setting: in the physical structures of their homes; the character of their social and kinship networks; and in the ways a notion of 'place' was re-worked. An historiographical examination of existing research has shown that, especially in the South
African context, much scope remains for a regionally specific historical analysis of the urbanisation process, and African women's unique role in it. The use of oral histories and the adoption of a trans-generational interviewing strategy have helped fashion a textured account of African women's settlement strategies, and the underlying social and personal transformations that their design and use suggested. 'First-generational' women, who entered Cape Town at mid-century, led an uncertain and highly regulated urban existence, by virtue of their enforced marginalisation under apartheid. Until the late-1980s, Cape Town retained a distinctive demographic composition, and an historical association as the 'home' of the Coloured population. This made state and local efforts to control the entry and residence of the
minority African populace more coercive and successful, at least in the first two decades of apartheid rule. Despite these restrictions, African women constructed and managed a dense set of strategies which affirmed their material livelihoods in the city and increasingly enmeshed their identities in the workings of a modern and commoditised world. However, first-generational women also actively contested these developments to some extent, evident particularly in their efforts to regulate the movement of and compel financial support from their increasingly mobile daughters and granddaughters. Evidence from second and third-generational respondents show a growing reluctance to utilise first-generational women's settlement strategies and the conceptual frameworks which underpinned them. For instance, associational links were increasingly organised along non-racialised lines. Third-generational women's desire to establish residence in other areas of the city, or in other cities entirely, was indicative of a similar dynamic. This was also reflective of their embrace of mobility as an expression of
greater economic and social freedoms possible in a post-apartheid world. This dissertation constructs a social history of African women in Cape Town from the vantage point of their varied attempts over the last five decades to locate 'home' in the urban setting. It charts the experiences of a group of women who first moved to Cape Town in the 1940s and 50s, and their children and grandchildren. My focus is on the way in which succeeding generations of women developed differing strategies of settlement, in the context of sometimes dramatic social and political change. The social as well as the physical elements of locating home are key elements in the analysis, including the redefinition of kinship and associational networks, as well as the re-casting of identities and a sense of place. Until the late 1980s, Cape Town retained a distinctive demographic composition, and an historical association as the 'home' of the Coloured- population. This made state and local efforts to control the entry and residence of the minority African populace more coercive and successful, at least in the first two decades of apartheid rule. Rather than painting a comprehensive portrait of urban African life in the apartheid era (1948- 1994), this dissertation hopes to map a few significant dynamics which were manifest in the encounters between a select group of African women and the distinctive terrain of this city during the apartheid years.
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