University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

Keung, Yiu Cheung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-59). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Contents --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Abstract --- p.iv / Abbreviations and Acronyms --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1 - --- Amphiphilic Dendrons and Gene Transfection / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction to Dendrimers and Gene Transfection --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Overview of Gene Transfection Vectors in the Literature --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Viral Vectors --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Non-viral Vectors --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- Cationic Lipids --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2.2 --- Cationic Polymers --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.2.3 --- Cationic Dendrimers --- p.8 / Chapter Chapter 2 - --- En Route to Dendritic Amphiphilic Vectors / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction to the Design of Dendritic Amphiphiles --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- Barriers to Gene Transfection --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Cellular Barriers --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Extracellular Barriers --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Material Design Considerations --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3 --- Amphiphilic Vector Design Strategy --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4 --- Summary --- p.21 / Chapter Chapter 3 - --- "Design, Synthesis and Structural Characterization of New Amphiphilic Dendrons for Gene Transfection" / Chapter 3.1 --- Design of the New Amphiphilic Dendrons . --- p.23 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Incorporation of Hydrocarbon Dendrons --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Synthesis Feasibility --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2 --- Synthesis of the New Amphiphilic Dendrons --- p.25 / Chapter 3.3 --- Characterization of the Intermediates and Targeted Amphiphilic Dendrons --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- 1H NMR Spectroscopy --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- I3C NMR Spectroscopy --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Mass Spectrometry --- p.33 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Critical Micelle Concentration --- p.35 / Chapter 3.4 --- Conclusion --- p.38 / Chapter Chapter 4 - --- Determination of Transfection Efficiency and Cytotoxicity / Chapter 4.1 --- Preparation of the Amphiphilic Dendrons for Transfection --- p.39 / Chapter 4.2 --- Transfection Efficiencies of the Amphiphilic Dendrons 1-10 --- p.39 / Chapter 4.3 --- Cytotoxicity Assay --- p.42 / Chapter 4.4 --- Conclusions --- p.44 / Chapter Chapter 5 - --- Experimental Procedures / Chapter 5.1 --- General Information --- p.46 / Chapter 5.2 --- Experimental Procedures --- p.47 / References --- p.58 / Appendix / NMR Spectra --- p.60

Choi, Lai Sheung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-115). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Contents --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Abstract --- p.v / Abbreviations --- p.viii / Chapter Chapter 1 - --- Introduction to Dendrimer / Chapter 1.1 --- Definition --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Synthetic Routes --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Divergent Growth --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Convergent Growth --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Applications --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Examples of Dendrimers --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Hydrocarbon Dendritic Species --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Aliphatic Polyether Dendritic Species --- p.8 / Chapter Chapter 2 - --- Synthesis of Novel Amphiphilic Hydrocarbon Dendrons / Chapter 2.1 --- Background - Hydrocarbon Dendrons (HCDs) --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2 --- Modification and Design of Synthetic Scheme --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- Syntheses --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Convergent Synthesis --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Divergent Synthesis --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4 --- Characterizations --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- 1H NMR Spectroscopy --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- 13C NMR Spectroscopy --- p.25 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Mass Spectrometry --- p.27 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) --- p.31 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Solubility --- p.31 / Chapter 2.5 --- Conclusions and Future Prospects --- p.33 / Chapter Chapter 3 - --- Hydrogen Bonding in Supramolecular Chemistry / Chapter 3.1 --- Background ´ؤ Supramolecular Chemistry --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Multiple Hydrogen Bondings --- p.37 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Applications --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2 --- 2-Ureido-4[lH]-Pyrimidinone (UPy) --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Tautomerization and Dimerization Equilibria --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Examples of Dendronized UPy Dimers --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3 --- Effects of Substituents on the Dimerization Behavior of UPy --- p.46 / Chapter 3.4 --- Dimerization Studies on Our New UPy-Dendrons --- p.50 / Chapter Chapter 4 - --- "Synthesis, Characterizations and Dimerization Properties of Dendronized UPy Dimers" / Chapter 4.1 --- Synthesis --- p.51 / Chapter 4.2 --- Characterizations --- p.51 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- 1H NMR Spectroscopy --- p.51 / Chapter 4.2.1.1 --- Dimerization Behavior of Protected UPy Series (94-97) in CDC13 at 25 °C --- p.52 / Chapter 4.2.1.2 --- Temperature-Dependent Behavior of Protected UPy Series (94´ؤ97) in CDC13 --- p.59 / Chapter 4.2.1.3 --- Tautomeric Behavior of Protected UPy Series in (94-97) in Other Solvents --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2.1.4 --- Characterization of Deprotected UPy Series (98-101) in DMSO-d6 --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2.1.5 --- Dimerization Behavior of Deprotected UPy Series (98-101) in THF-d8 and Other Solvents --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.1.6 --- Temperature-Dependent Behavior of Deprotected UPy Series (98´ؤ101) in THF-d8 --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2.1.7 --- Dimerization Constants of Both Protected and Deprotected UPy Series in DMSO-d6/CDCl3 Mixtures at 25 °C --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- 13C NMR Spectroscopy --- p.71 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Mass Spectrometry --- p.71 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) --- p.73 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Vapour Pressure Osmometry (VPO) --- p.74 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Infrared Spectroscopy --- p.75 / Chapter 4.2.7 --- Polarity and Solubility --- p.76 / Chapter 4.3 --- Conclusions --- p.77 / Chapter Chapter 5 - --- Conclusions --- p.79 / Chapter Chapter 6 - --- Experimantal Procedures / Chapter 6.1 --- General Information --- p.81 / Chapter 6.2 --- Experimantal Procedures --- p.82 / References --- p.111 / Appendix 1 - Calculations of lower-limits of Kdim* in CDCI3 --- p.A-1 / Appendix 2 - Calculations of Kdim* in systems where both dimer(s) and 6[1H] monomer coexist --- p.A-4 / Appendix 3 - List of Spectra --- p.A-5

No description available.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on Dec. 30, 2009). "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Materials Engineering, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta." Includes bibliographical references.

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No description available.

<p>The classical approach to gene discovery has been to culture micro-organisms demonstrating a specific enzyme activity and then to recover the gene of interest through shotgun cloning. The realization that these standard microbiological methods provide limited access to the true microbial biodiversity and therefore the available microbial genetic diversity (collectively termed the Metagenome) has resulted in the development of environmental nucleic acid extraction technologies designed to access this wealth of genetic information, thereby avoiding the limitations of culture dependent genetic exploitation. In this work several gene discovery technologies was employed in an attempt to recover novel bacterial laccase genes (EC 1.10.3.2), a group of enzymes in which considerable biotechnological interest has been expressed. Metagenomic DNA extracted from two organic rich environmental samples was used as the source material for the construction of two genomic DNA libraries. The small insert plasmid based library derived from compost DNA consisted of approximately 106 clones at an average insert size of 2.7Kbp, equivalent to 2.6 Gbp of cloned environmental DNA. A Fosmid based large insert library derived from grape waste DNA consisted of approximately 44000 cfu at an average insert size of 25Kbp (1.1 Gbp cloned DNA). Both libraries were screened for laccase activity but failed to produce novel laccase genes. As an alternative approach, a multicopper oxidase specific PCR detection assay was developed using a laccase positive Streptomyces strain as a model organism. The newly designed primers were used to detect the presence of bacterial multicopper oxidases in environmental samples. This resulted in the identification of nine novel gene fragments showing identity ranging from 37 to 94% to published putative bacterial multicopper oxidase gene sequences. Three clones pMCO6, pMCO8 and pMCO9 were significantly smaller than those typically reported for bacterial laccases and were assigned to a recently described clade of Streptomyces bacterial multicopper oxidases.</p> <p><br /> Two PCR based techniques were employed to attempt the recovery of flanking regions for two of these genes (pMCO7 and pMCO8). The use of TAIL-PCR resulted in the recovery of 90% of the pMCO7 ORF. As an alternative approach the Vectorette&trade / system was employed to recover the 3&rsquo / downstream region of pMCO8. The complexity of the DNA sample proved to be a considerable technical challenge for the implementation of both these techniques. The feasibility of both these approaches were however demonstrated in principle. Finally, in an attempt to expedite the recovery of fulllength copies of these genes a subtractive hybridization magnetic bead capture technique was adapted and employed to recover a full &ndash / length putative multicopper oxidase gene from a Streptomyces strain in a proof of concept experiment. The StrepA06pMCO gene fragment was used as a &lsquo / driver&rsquo / against fragmented Streptomyces genomic DNA (&lsquo / tester&rsquo / ) and resulted in the recovery of a 1215 bp open reading frame. Unexpectedly, this ORF showed only 80% identity to the StrepA06pMCO gene sequence at nucleotide level, and 48% amino acid identity to a putative mco gene derived from a Norcardioides sp JS614.</p>

Thesis (Ph.D.) in Chemistry--University of Maine, 2007. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-90).

Thesis (Honors)--College of William and Mary, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 22-23). Also available via the World Wide Web.