This study is aim to develop and validate the Creative Life Style Check List by analysis of the literature scale and integration expert opinions. This scale for the self-report scale, a total of 28 questions, uses Likert five-point scale scoring. There were four subscale, ¡§wildly life experiences ¡§, ¡§imagination¡¨, ¡§new creation and expression¡¨, and ¡§openness mind¡¨. Purposive sampling method to extract the Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of students as the study sample, the pre-pilot scale a total of 304 samples, a total of 983 formal scale samples. The MPCM analysis by the Rasch model is to examine the scale of reliability and validity. Content validity Infit MNSQ is between 0.75 ~ 1.3logits, each subscale internal consistency from .831 to .893. Scale internal consistency reliability was .93. Construct validity of the comparison of PCM and MPCM that estimated residuals of MPCM smaller than PCM. That means four-dimensions model more fit than one-dimension model. The correlation between each subscale is in the range of 0.684 ~ 0.861. The validity generalization, the scale of the boys and girls difficulty estimate differences in the range of 0.000 to 0.198, on behalf of this scale is no gender differential item functioning (DIF). Participants separated reliability coefficient of 0.844 to 0.900 that means this scale can stability measure the location of participants of the creativity construct. Difficulty estimated values of each subscale in the formal questionnaire and the pre-test scale ranged from .815 to .944 is high correlation. And p <0.05 show the scale has cross-sample stability.

The heat transfer behavior of phase change material fluid under laminar flow conditions in circular tubes and internally longitudinal finned tubes are presented in this study. Two types of boundary conditions, including uniform axial heat flux with constant peripheral temperature and uniform axial and peripheral temperature, were considered in the case of circular tubes. An effective specific heat technique was used to model the phase change process assuming a hydrodynamically fully-developed flow at the entrance of the tube. Results were also obtained for the phase change process under hydro dynamically and thermally fully developed conditions. In case of a smooth circular tube with phase change material (PCM) fluid, results of Nusselt number were obtained by varying the bulk Stefan number. The Nusselt number results were found to be strongly dependent on the Stefan number. In the case of a finned tube two types of boundary conditions were studied. The first boundary condition had a uniform axial heat flux along the axis of the tube with a variable temperature on the peripheral surface of the tube. The second boundary condition had a constant temperature on the outer surface of the tube. The effective specific heat technique was again implemented to analyze the phase change process under both the boundary conditions. The Nusselt number was determined for a tube with two fins with different fin height ratios and fin thermal conductivity values. It was determined that the Nusselt number was strongly dependent on the Stefan number, fin thermal conductivity value, and height of the fins. It was also observed that for a constant heat axial flux boundary condition with peripherally varying temperature, the phase change slurry with the internally finned tube performed better than the one without fins. A similar trend was observed during the phase change process with internal fins under the constant wall temperature boundary condition.

The heat transfer behavior of phase change material fluid under laminar flow conditions in circular tubes and internally longitudinal finned tubes are presented in this study. Two types of boundary conditions, including uniform axial heat flux with constant peripheral temperature and uniform axial and peripheral temperature, were considered in the case of circular tubes. An effective specific heat technique was used to model the phase change process assuming a hydrodynamically fully-developed flow at the entrance of the tube. Results were also obtained for the phase change process under hydro dynamically and thermally fully developed conditions. In case of a smooth circular tube with phase change material (PCM) fluid, results of Nusselt number were obtained by varying the bulk Stefan number. The Nusselt number results were found to be strongly dependent on the Stefan number. In the case of a finned tube two types of boundary conditions were studied. The first boundary condition had a uniform axial heat flux along the axis of the tube with a variable temperature on the peripheral surface of the tube. The second boundary condition had a constant temperature on the outer surface of the tube. The effective specific heat technique was again implemented to analyze the phase change process under both the boundary conditions. The Nusselt number was determined for a tube with two fins with different fin height ratios and fin thermal conductivity values. It was determined that the Nusselt number was strongly dependent on the Stefan number, fin thermal conductivity value, and height of the fins. It was also observed that for a constant heat axial flux boundary condition with peripherally varying temperature, the phase change slurry with the internally finned tube performed better than the one without fins. A similar trend was observed during the phase change process with internal fins under the constant wall temperature boundary condition.