xviii, 105 h. : il. ; 30 cm / El Maíz es el tercer producto agrícola del Perú, cuya producción anual será de 1’675,000 TM en el año 2013, representando solamente el 50% del consumo nacional, por lo que no satisface a la demanda interna. La implementación de este planeamiento estratégico permitirá que en el año 2023 el Perú sea capaz de aumentar su abastecimiento, mediante la obtención de mayor rendimiento por hectárea. Hay dos variedades principales de Maíz: el Amiláceo y el Amarillo Duro. En el caso del Maíz Amiláceo, la mayoría de los cultivos son minifundistas donde los agricultores satisfacen los requerimientos alimenticios de su familia y animales, para luego vender el excedente a los acopiadores. Esto va a los mayoristas de los principales mercados del Maíz y de allí a los minoristas y consumidores. En cambio el Maíz Amarillo Duro es utilizado principalmente para elaborar alimentos para aves, y es cosechado tanto por pequeños agricultores como por criadores de aves que se han integrado verticalmente hacia atrás. Con la implementación de este plan estratégico en 10 años se tendrán 45 razas de Maíz Amiláceo, lo que permitirá incrementar el rendimiento y sumado al aumento en el área de cultivo se tendrá un crecimiento en la producción del 57%. Todo esto acompañado de programas de capacitación para todos los colaboradores, con el uso de tecnología y sistemas de información de punta. Las estrategias que se implementarán contemplan el desarrollo de tecnología aplicada al cultivo y cosecha del Maíz, para crear nuevas variedades modificadas que se adapten a los distintos usos, como por ejemplo la producción de biocombustibles. La asociación de pequeños productores y el encadenamiento productivo permitirán unificar a los actores en torno a una visión común. Donde además resulta importante garantizar la calidad del producto final, mediante certificaciones para los productores y la renovación de equipos / The corn is the third agricultural product of Peru, whose annual production is going to be 1'675, 000 MT in 2013, representing only 50% of domestic consumption, so it does not satisfy domestic demand. Through the application of this strategic plan, in 2023 Peru will be able to feed itself, by obtaining higher yield per hectare. There are two main varieties of corn, starchy and hard yellow. In the case of starchy corn, it is cultivated by smallholder farmers who primarily satisfy their own food requirements, as well as their animals’, then they sell the surplus to middlemen. It goes to wholesalers in the major markets and from there to retailers and consumers. Instead yellow corn is mainly used to produce food for animals, and mainly for poultry, and it is harvested by both small farmers as well as for poultry farmers who are vertically integrated. After implementing this strategic plan, in 10 years Peru will have 45 races of maize starch, which will increase performance and coupled with the increase in crop area will have a production growth of 57%. All this coupled with training programs for all employees, with the use of technology and information systems on end. In the near future, strategies that will be implemented includes the development of technology applied to the crop and harvesting of modified corn to create new varieties that can get adapted to different uses such as biofuel production. The association of small producers as well as chaining different actors around a common vision will benefit the sector, where ensuring the quality of the final product is important and is warranted through certifications and equipment renewal / Tesis

Climate change and migration of population from rural to urban areas are affecting the agricultural production around the world. This study was based in the particular department of Ancash - Peru where corn is one of the most important crops of the region. Authorities in this region are concerned in finding a method, different from census; that can constantly monitor corn crops areas. This data is important to evaluate how these two causes will impact on food security in Ancash. The first part of the present thesis reviews the current techniques in the recognition of crop areas using remote sensing and multispectral images. The second part explains the methodology developed for this study, considering the data acquisition using Unmanned Aircraft Systems, the preparation of the acquired data and two deep learning model approaches. The first approach is based on binary classification of corn patches using Le Net model with near infrared images. The second one describes the segmentation of corn areas in different stages using the U-net model, in this case five band images were considered. The third part shows the results of both approaches. From these results it is concluded that training a model with data from different stages and scenarios of two campaigns (2016 and 2017) can achieve a 95% of accuracy in corn segmentation. / Tesis

El Maíz es el tercer producto agrícola del Perú, cuya producción anual será de 1’675,000 TM en el año 2013, representando solamente el 50% del consumo nacional, por lo que no satisface a la demanda interna. La implementación de este planeamiento estratégico permitirá que en el año 2023 el Perú sea capaz de aumentar su abastecimiento, mediante la obtención de mayor rendimiento por hectárea. Hay dos variedades principales de Maíz: el Amiláceo y el Amarillo Duro. En el caso del Maíz Amiláceo, la mayoría de los cultivos son minifundistas donde los agricultores satisfacen los requerimientos alimenticios de su familia y animales, para luego vender el excedente a los acopiadores. Esto va a los mayoristas de los principales mercados del Maíz y de allí a los minoristas y consumidores. En cambio el Maíz Amarillo Duro es utilizado principalmente para elaborar alimentos para aves, y es cosechado tanto por pequeños agricultores como por criadores de aves que se han integrado verticalmente hacia atrás. Con la implementación de este plan estratégico en 10 años se tendrán 45 razas de Maíz Amiláceo, lo que permitirá incrementar el rendimiento y sumado al aumento en el área de cultivo se tendrá un crecimiento en la producción del 57%. Todo esto acompañado de programas de capacitación para todos los colaboradores, con el uso de tecnología y sistemas de información de punta. Las estrategias que se implementarán contemplan el desarrollo de tecnología aplicada al cultivo y cosecha del Maíz, para crear nuevas variedades modificadas que se adapten a los distintos usos, como por ejemplo la producción de biocombustibles. La asociación de pequeños productores y el encadenamiento productivo permitirán unificar a los actores en torno a una visión común. Donde además resulta importante garantizar la calidad del producto final, mediante certificaciones para los productores y la renovación de equipos / The corn is the third agricultural product of Peru, whose annual production is going to be 1'675, 000 MT in 2013, representing only 50% of domestic consumption, so it does not satisfy domestic demand. Through the application of this strategic plan, in 2023 Peru will be able to feed itself, by obtaining higher yield per hectare. There are two main varieties of corn, starchy and hard yellow. In the case of starchy corn, it is cultivated by smallholder farmers who primarily satisfy their own food requirements, as well as their animals’, then they sell the surplus to middlemen. It goes to wholesalers in the major markets and from there to retailers and consumers. Instead yellow corn is mainly used to produce food for animals, and mainly for poultry, and it is harvested by both small farmers as well as for poultry farmers who are vertically integrated. After implementing this strategic plan, in 10 years Peru will have 45 races of maize starch, which will increase performance and coupled with the increase in crop area will have a production growth of 57%. All this coupled with training programs for all employees, with the use of technology and information systems on end. In the near future, strategies that will be implemented includes the development of technology applied to the crop and harvesting of modified corn to create new varieties that can get adapted to different uses such as biofuel production. The association of small producers as well as chaining different actors around a common vision will benefit the sector, where ensuring the quality of the final product is important and is warranted through certifications and equipment renewal