A compreensão dos fenômenos de reparo ósseo representa parte fundamental da odontologia e da cirurgia bucomaxilofacial. Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da estimulação de campo magnético sepultado sobre o reparo ósseo em calvária de ratos após reconstrução com enxerto ósseo autógeno, implante de hidroxiapatita granulada sintética ou enxerto alógeno de cartilagem, comparados entre si e aos controles sem estimulação magnética. Materiais e métodos: foram utilizados 95 ratos Wistar machos, divididos em grupos constituidos por 5 animais. Foram realizados defeitos ósseos críticos na calvária dos animais, sendo os mesmos imediatamente reconstruídos, isoladamente com, enxerto ósseo autógeno, hidroxiapatita granulada sintética e enxerto alógeno de cartilagem, sob influência ou não de campos magnéticos sepultados. Foram realizadas avaliações aos 15, 30 e 60 dias pós-operatórios. Apenas um grupo não sofreu intervenção cirúrgica (Naive), para fornecer os dados para obtenção da atividade fisiológica das enzimas fosfatase alcalina e fosfatase ácida. Em todos os tempos experimentais foi realizada a quantificação da neoformação óssea por meio da histomorfometria. A avaliação da intensidade de expressão da proteína osteopontina, foi obtida somente aos 60 dias Resultados: a avaliação histomorfométrica evidenciou interação significativa entre grupos e tempos com p=0,008. Aos 60 dias, nos animais que receberam reconstrução com osso autógeno o grupo sob influência do campo magnético apresentou percentual de preenchimento ósseo superior ao grupo sem influência do estímulo magnético. A mensuração da atividade das enzimas fosfatase alcalina e fosfatase ácida evidenciou interação significativa entre grupos e tempos com p=0,02 e p=0,005 respectivamente. Aos 60 dias, todos os grupos apresentaram atividade de ambas enzimas significativamente inferior ao grupo Naive. A análise imunoistoquímica realizada não evidenciou diferença significativa na expressão da enzima osteopontina com a metodologia empregada. Conclusão: o presente trabalho contribuiu para o entendimento da influência do campo magnético sepultado sobre o reparo ósseo em crânio de rato. A partir dos resultados encontrados, novas metodologias podem ser propostas para complementar os resultados obtidos e fortalecer a presente linha de pesquisa. / Objective: the comprehension of the phenomenon of bone repair represents a fundamental part of dentistry and of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The present work has as its objective, to evaluate the influence of a stimulated magnetic field implanted on the calvarial bone of rats after its reconstruction with autogeneous bone graft, synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals or with the insertion of allogeneic cartilage, in comparison to no magnetic stimulation. Materials e methods: 95 Wistar male rats were used, divided into groups with 5 animals in each. The autogeneous bone graft, the synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals and the insertion of allogeneic cartilage were each used separately in the performed interventions of reconstruction with or without the influence of implanted magnetic fields. Evaluations were performed in 15, 30 and 60 days after surgery. Only one group did not suffer surgical intervention (Naïve); this group provided data for the physiological activity of the alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes. Also, quantification of bone neoformation was obtained through histomorphometry in all experimental time periods, and evaluation of the osteopontin protein expression of intensity in 60 days. Results: the histomorphometry 60-day evaluation, showed evidence of a significant interaction between the groups and the time of p=0,008 on the animals that received reconstruction with autogeneous bone. The group that was influenced by the magnetic field presented a percent of bone reconstruction superior to that of the group which did not receive magnetic stimulation. In 60 days, activity mensuration of the alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes, showed evidence of significant interaction between the groups and the times of p=0,02 and p=0,005, respectively. In all groups, activity of both enzymes was present and significantly inferior to the Naive group. The immunohistochemistry analysis performed did not show evidence of any significant difference in the oseopontin enzyme expression with the applied methodology. Conclusion: this work contributed to the understanding of the influence that an implanted magnetic field has on bone reconstruction. From the results found, new methodologies can be proposed as a complementary to obtained results and can strengthen the present line of research.

A compreensão dos fenômenos de reparo ósseo representa parte fundamental da odontologia e da cirurgia bucomaxilofacial. Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da estimulação de campo magnético sepultado sobre o reparo ósseo em calvária de ratos após reconstrução com enxerto ósseo autógeno, implante de hidroxiapatita granulada sintética ou enxerto alógeno de cartilagem, comparados entre si e aos controles sem estimulação magnética. Materiais e métodos: foram utilizados 95 ratos Wistar machos, divididos em grupos constituidos por 5 animais. Foram realizados defeitos ósseos críticos na calvária dos animais, sendo os mesmos imediatamente reconstruídos, isoladamente com, enxerto ósseo autógeno, hidroxiapatita granulada sintética e enxerto alógeno de cartilagem, sob influência ou não de campos magnéticos sepultados. Foram realizadas avaliações aos 15, 30 e 60 dias pós-operatórios. Apenas um grupo não sofreu intervenção cirúrgica (Naive), para fornecer os dados para obtenção da atividade fisiológica das enzimas fosfatase alcalina e fosfatase ácida. Em todos os tempos experimentais foi realizada a quantificação da neoformação óssea por meio da histomorfometria. A avaliação da intensidade de expressão da proteína osteopontina, foi obtida somente aos 60 dias Resultados: a avaliação histomorfométrica evidenciou interação significativa entre grupos e tempos com p=0,008. Aos 60 dias, nos animais que receberam reconstrução com osso autógeno o grupo sob influência do campo magnético apresentou percentual de preenchimento ósseo superior ao grupo sem influência do estímulo magnético. A mensuração da atividade das enzimas fosfatase alcalina e fosfatase ácida evidenciou interação significativa entre grupos e tempos com p=0,02 e p=0,005 respectivamente. Aos 60 dias, todos os grupos apresentaram atividade de ambas enzimas significativamente inferior ao grupo Naive. A análise imunoistoquímica realizada não evidenciou diferença significativa na expressão da enzima osteopontina com a metodologia empregada. Conclusão: o presente trabalho contribuiu para o entendimento da influência do campo magnético sepultado sobre o reparo ósseo em crânio de rato. A partir dos resultados encontrados, novas metodologias podem ser propostas para complementar os resultados obtidos e fortalecer a presente linha de pesquisa. / Objective: the comprehension of the phenomenon of bone repair represents a fundamental part of dentistry and of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The present work has as its objective, to evaluate the influence of a stimulated magnetic field implanted on the calvarial bone of rats after its reconstruction with autogeneous bone graft, synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals or with the insertion of allogeneic cartilage, in comparison to no magnetic stimulation. Materials e methods: 95 Wistar male rats were used, divided into groups with 5 animals in each. The autogeneous bone graft, the synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals and the insertion of allogeneic cartilage were each used separately in the performed interventions of reconstruction with or without the influence of implanted magnetic fields. Evaluations were performed in 15, 30 and 60 days after surgery. Only one group did not suffer surgical intervention (Naïve); this group provided data for the physiological activity of the alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes. Also, quantification of bone neoformation was obtained through histomorphometry in all experimental time periods, and evaluation of the osteopontin protein expression of intensity in 60 days. Results: the histomorphometry 60-day evaluation, showed evidence of a significant interaction between the groups and the time of p=0,008 on the animals that received reconstruction with autogeneous bone. The group that was influenced by the magnetic field presented a percent of bone reconstruction superior to that of the group which did not receive magnetic stimulation. In 60 days, activity mensuration of the alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes, showed evidence of significant interaction between the groups and the times of p=0,02 and p=0,005, respectively. In all groups, activity of both enzymes was present and significantly inferior to the Naive group. The immunohistochemistry analysis performed did not show evidence of any significant difference in the oseopontin enzyme expression with the applied methodology. Conclusion: this work contributed to the understanding of the influence that an implanted magnetic field has on bone reconstruction. From the results found, new methodologies can be proposed as a complementary to obtained results and can strengthen the present line of research.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:54:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raphael Cordeiro Schneider.pdf: 3121606 bytes, checksum: cb3227df91b00ccfb5765121923e8c87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-30 / Campo magnético é uma região do espaço onde se manifesta o magnetismo, decorrente de materiais com propriedades magnéticas denominados ímãs. A terapia de campo magnético para diversos tipos de afecções tem-se tornado comum. O estudo tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos do campo magnético sobre a cicatrização de feridas confeccionadas em tecidos moles do dorso de ratos. É um estudo experimental quantitativo com o uso de 54 ratos machos Wistar com 120 dias de vida, pesando entre 250 e 300g, distribuídos em três grupos (C, E1 e E2), nos quais foram confeccionadas feridas cutâneas em seu dorso. Os animais do grupo E1 foram mantidos sob influência do polo norte de um imã com intensidade de campo magnético de 850G. Já os animais do grupo E2 foram mantidos sob influência do polo sul de um imã com intensidade de campo magnético de 850G. Em cada um dos períodos de análise (03, 07 e 15 dias pós-operatórios) foram medidas macroscopicamente as áreas das feridas do dorso, as distâncias microscópicas entre os bordos sadios do corte histológico e a contagem das células inflamatórias. Os resultados demonstraram que em relação a área da ferida o grupo E2 apresentou valores maiores que os grupo C e E1 nos períodos de 03 e 07 dias pós-operatórios. Da mesma forma os valores para a distância entre os bordos sadios para o grupo E2 nos períodos de 03 e 07 dias pós-operatórios foram maiores quando comparado aos grupos C e E1. A contagem de células inflamatórias foi menor para ambos os grupos E1 e E2 quando comparados ao C, entretanto mais expressiva para o grupo E2. Pode-se concluir que a exposição ao campo magnético oriundo da utilização de ímãs de intensidade de 850G, pode modificar o processo de reparação e inflamação do tecido no dorso de ratos / Magnetic field is a region of space where the magnetism is manifested, due to materials with magnetic properties - called magnets. The magnetic field therapy for various types of diseases has become common. The study aims to analyze the effects of the magnetic field on the healing of soft tissue wounds made on the backs of rats. It is a quantitative experimental study using 54 male Wistar rats of 120 days, weighing 250-300g were divided into three groups (C, E1 and E2), which were made in skin wounds in his back. The animals of group E1 were kept under the influence of the north pole of a magnet with magnetic field strength of 850G. The animals of group E2 were kept under the influence of the south pole of a magnet with magnetic field strength of 850G. In each of the periods (3, 7 and 15 postoperative days) were measured macroscopically the wound areas of the back, the microscopic distance between the healthy edges from histological and counting of inflammatory cells. The results showed that over the wound area group E2 showed higher values than group C and E1 in the periods of 3 and 7 postoperative days. In the same way, values for the distance between the healthy edges for the E2 group in periods of 3 and 7 postoperative days were higher when compared to group C and E1. The count of inflammatory cells was lower in both groups E1 and E2 compared to C, but more significantly to the group E2. It can be concluded that exposure to the magnetic field arising from the use of magnets intensity 850G may modify the process of inflammation and repair of tissue in the backs of rats

A compreensão dos fenômenos de reparo ósseo representa parte fundamental da odontologia e da cirurgia bucomaxilofacial. Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da estimulação de campo magnético sepultado sobre o reparo ósseo em calvária de ratos após reconstrução com enxerto ósseo autógeno, implante de hidroxiapatita granulada sintética ou enxerto alógeno de cartilagem, comparados entre si e aos controles sem estimulação magnética. Materiais e métodos: foram utilizados 95 ratos Wistar machos, divididos em grupos constituidos por 5 animais. Foram realizados defeitos ósseos críticos na calvária dos animais, sendo os mesmos imediatamente reconstruídos, isoladamente com, enxerto ósseo autógeno, hidroxiapatita granulada sintética e enxerto alógeno de cartilagem, sob influência ou não de campos magnéticos sepultados. Foram realizadas avaliações aos 15, 30 e 60 dias pós-operatórios. Apenas um grupo não sofreu intervenção cirúrgica (Naive), para fornecer os dados para obtenção da atividade fisiológica das enzimas fosfatase alcalina e fosfatase ácida. Em todos os tempos experimentais foi realizada a quantificação da neoformação óssea por meio da histomorfometria. A avaliação da intensidade de expressão da proteína osteopontina, foi obtida somente aos 60 dias Resultados: a avaliação histomorfométrica evidenciou interação significativa entre grupos e tempos com p=0,008. Aos 60 dias, nos animais que receberam reconstrução com osso autógeno o grupo sob influência do campo magnético apresentou percentual de preenchimento ósseo superior ao grupo sem influência do estímulo magnético. A mensuração da atividade das enzimas fosfatase alcalina e fosfatase ácida evidenciou interação significativa entre grupos e tempos com p=0,02 e p=0,005 respectivamente. Aos 60 dias, todos os grupos apresentaram atividade de ambas enzimas significativamente inferior ao grupo Naive. A análise imunoistoquímica realizada não evidenciou diferença significativa na expressão da enzima osteopontina com a metodologia empregada. Conclusão: o presente trabalho contribuiu para o entendimento da influência do campo magnético sepultado sobre o reparo ósseo em crânio de rato. A partir dos resultados encontrados, novas metodologias podem ser propostas para complementar os resultados obtidos e fortalecer a presente linha de pesquisa. / Objective: the comprehension of the phenomenon of bone repair represents a fundamental part of dentistry and of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The present work has as its objective, to evaluate the influence of a stimulated magnetic field implanted on the calvarial bone of rats after its reconstruction with autogeneous bone graft, synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals or with the insertion of allogeneic cartilage, in comparison to no magnetic stimulation. Materials e methods: 95 Wistar male rats were used, divided into groups with 5 animals in each. The autogeneous bone graft, the synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals and the insertion of allogeneic cartilage were each used separately in the performed interventions of reconstruction with or without the influence of implanted magnetic fields. Evaluations were performed in 15, 30 and 60 days after surgery. Only one group did not suffer surgical intervention (Naïve); this group provided data for the physiological activity of the alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes. Also, quantification of bone neoformation was obtained through histomorphometry in all experimental time periods, and evaluation of the osteopontin protein expression of intensity in 60 days. Results: the histomorphometry 60-day evaluation, showed evidence of a significant interaction between the groups and the time of p=0,008 on the animals that received reconstruction with autogeneous bone. The group that was influenced by the magnetic field presented a percent of bone reconstruction superior to that of the group which did not receive magnetic stimulation. In 60 days, activity mensuration of the alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes, showed evidence of significant interaction between the groups and the times of p=0,02 and p=0,005, respectively. In all groups, activity of both enzymes was present and significantly inferior to the Naive group. The immunohistochemistry analysis performed did not show evidence of any significant difference in the oseopontin enzyme expression with the applied methodology. Conclusion: this work contributed to the understanding of the influence that an implanted magnetic field has on bone reconstruction. From the results found, new methodologies can be proposed as a complementary to obtained results and can strengthen the present line of research.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Introduction: A novel device developed by J. Morita can generate electromagnetic stimulation (EMS) into the root canal. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-biofilm effect of EMS combined with low concentrations of NaOCl against an established biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis in an in vitro human tooth model. Materials and Methods: Single rooted human teeth were standardized and an E. faecalis biofilm was established in the canal. The specimens were subject to six treatment groups: 1) 1.5% NaOCl; 2) 1.5% NaOCl and EMS; 3) 0.25% NaOCl; 4) 0.25% NaOCl and EMS; 5) saline and 6) saline and EMS. Biofilm was collected, plated, and the number of colony forming units (CFU)/mL was used to determine antibacterial activity. Results: The effect of treatment group on bacterial counts were made using one-way ANOVA followed by pair-wise comparisons. Although there was no significant difference between individual groups tested, there was statistically significant difference between the average difference between ‘treatments with EMS’ and ‘treatments without EMS.’ Conclusion: EMS can improve the antibacterial efficacy of NaOCl against an established biofilm of E. faecalis in an in vitro human tooth model

No description available.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2014. / Background: Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction (MPD) is a diagnosis commonly encountered by practitioners, hence, there are several treatment approaches employed by various practicing physicians. Practitioners are required to perform evidence-based protocols on patients; however, such intervention becomes increasingly difficult with the increasing volume of evidence available with regards to treatment of MPD. A systematic review provides a well-structured, critical analysis of the available protocols, and as such, provides practitioners with an evidence-based summary of the available modalities and the effectiveness of these modalities. Thus, the aim of the study was to systematically review and evaluate the literature to determine the effects of various non-invasive modalities on MPD. Objectives: Studies investigating various non-invasive modalities were identified, evaluated against the inclusion criteria and then reviewed against PEDro criteria to present current available evidence regarding their effectiveness as a source of treatment for MPD. Methods: A literature search was conducted, based on key terms including: active and latent myofascial trigger points, manual therapy, manipulation, acupressure, massage, muscle stretching, ultrasound, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, electric stimulation therapy, magnetic field therapy, and exercise therapy. Databases searched were: PubMed, EBSCOhost, Medline, CINAL, Proquest, Health Source, Sport Discus, Science Direct, Springer Link, Google Scholar and Summons. The articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, after which a secondary hand and reference searches were performed. Thereafter, the articles were reviewed by four independent reviewers and the researcher. The PEDro Scale was used to determine methodological rigor of the included studies. The results were then analysed and ranked. Results: Following the screening process during data collection for this study, a total of 25 studies were identified and included. The review and ranking of these studies revealed a moderate level of evidence present for the effectiveness of Topical Agents. A limited level of evidence was noted for TENS, Ischemic Compression, Ultrasound, Laser and Other Modalities. Approximately 25% of the reviewed studies involved combination therapies; hence their outcomes cannot be applied to the effectiveness of individual modalities. Conclusion: Upon comparison of the quality of evidence available for the various types of modalities present for the treatment of MPD, it was noted that Topical Agents were supported by a stronger level of evidence than TENS, Ischeamic Compression, Ultrasound, Laser and Other Modalities. However, due to a lack of strong overall evidence for any of these modalities it has been concluded that more research is required to establish which modality is in fact the most effective.