Thesis (PhD For) (Forest and Wood Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: See full text for abstract / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sien volteks vir opsomming

Thesis (DTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / This dissertation aims to analyse and evaluate the traditional Malawian Choral music as sung by young people in the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (CCAP) Nkhoma Synod with careful and critical consideration of the theological–liturgical outcomes. Such an analysis and evaluation reveals the neglected areas and the implications thereof for the Church, in aid of serving effectively her members. This will enrich and advance contextual theology as well as the liturgy in the Church. Chapter 2 discusses the approach the writers of Mark and Philippians took to fit into the new situations in which they were. This chapter functions as the basis for the subsequent chapters, as it tries to show how reinterpretation could have taken place. In so doing, a living expression of a living reality, which was reinterpreted in a particular place, at a particular time, for a particular purpose, will be noted in a reconfigured state. Chapter 3 will give an overview of theological–liturgical development in Malawi, and how the Gospel was brought in the light of the liturgy that evangelization assumed. The aftermath of traditional theology will then be assessed, including the impact of traditional theology on the Malawian people. Subsequently, the possibilities of coming up with a theology and a liturgy that is sensitive to the users are discussed. Chapter 4 examines traditional Malawian Choral music before the arrival of Christianity. A discussion of the way missionaries used English/Scottish music without blending it with the traditional music in the liturgy then follows. The consequence of such type of liturgizing and the initiative in the development of both English/Scottish, as well as traditional Malawian music will be shown. Chapter 5 provides an empirical study on what the young people in Malawi are singing in the CCAP-Nkhoma Synod by means of some sample areas. This includes an examination of possible influences that are compelling the young people to compose and sing these songs. This examination comprises an analysis of songs, the themes that are developing, and the reason for such themes. Chapter 6 contains suggestions for hymnological development in Malawi, based on the findings of the empirical study. This thesis acknowledges the importance of reinterpretation because of different confrontations that an individual or group experiences. To achieve this, a process of reconfiguration that involves re-interpretation and blending has been suggested and discussed. This dissertation will discuss the dialectic of experience and interpretation as regards continuous experiences of humankind due to new challenges. Such an approach provides the framework for the investigation of current experiences of present readers of the New Testament in relation to the first Christians’ experiences, which forced the reshaping of that symbolic world due to new religious convictions and experiences.

Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Art in Journalism and Media Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2016 / This is a story of undocumented migrants’ journeys between Malawi and Johannesburg, exposing the challenges they face and the corruption that takes place along the borders. Modern migration between the two countries has taken place for close to two hundred years. In the past, migrants, most of whom worked in the mines, were protected by law and that eased their movements. These days, low skilled migrants do not qualify for work permits so they stay in the country illegally. The South African law qualifies such migrants as undesirable visitors and bans them from returning to the country for some time. This research project documents how such migrants return home and come back to South Africa even before their bans expire. The research exposes how the migrants are aided by corrupt officers at the borders. The story shows how some of the migrants utilised a weakness in the old Malawi identification and passport system to obtain new travel documents under false names and return to South Africa undetected. This research project adopted an ethnographic approach. The findings are presented in a longform narrative story, which forms the first part of this document. The story is accompanied by a method document, which provides the theoretical framework and explains the methodology. / GR2017

Univ., Diss.--Bonn, 2005.

This thesis reports on a phenomenological study, exploring contesting spaces in the / Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

Introduction Youth is a group of people which has been greatly affected by HIV epidemic in Malawi. They are vulnerable to HIV infection because they are at a stage where they are beginning sexual exploration. Youth therefore, need a lot of information and support on HIV preventions, and voluntary counseling and testing. They should be encouraged and assisted to disclose their HIV status whether positive or negative for them to access necessary support system. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore youth's experiences in disclosing their HIV positive status Methodology: This is an exploratory study that adopted a qualitative approach utilizing the phenomenological design to explore the experiences of HIV positive participants in disclosing their HIV positive status. The study was conducted in Likuni urban and Nambuma areas in Lilongwe district, Malawi. Ten HIV positive participants five males and five females between the ages 19-25 years were purposively sampled half from each area. A qualitative approach to data collection was done through face to face individual in-depth interviews. All the interviews were audio taped and transcribed verbatim using qualitative content analysis. Findings: The following are the four major themes that emerged from the findings of the study: factors leading to and hindering HIV positive status disclosure, disclosure of HIV status, experiences of disclosing HIV positive status, consequences of HIV positive status disclosure. These themes are in line with the objectives and the conceptual framework of the study. The findings of the study have shown that disclosure of HIV positive status among HIV positive youth is difficult and still remains a challenge. The study established that the majority of participants disclosed their HIV positive status due to their deteriorating health status. Stigma and discrimination was found to be the major barrier to HIV positive status while the positive consequences which include: psychosocial care, accessing medical services, safer sex practices and positive living with HIV seemed to be more rewarding because it brought some relief in their lives. Conclusion: Stigma and other hindering factors were found to be the major barriers to disclosure. This therefore, necessitates the need for dealing with barriers to disclosure because the benefits of disclosing HIV positive status are rewarding and outweighs the negative consequences. This study has made some recommendations to promote disclosure of HIV positive status among youth through Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education, National Youth Council, National AIDS Commissions, the Community and further research. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

Despite the availability, accessibility and affordability of cervical cancer screening (CCS) in Malawi, many women do not utilize the CCS services. This research was conducted in Blantyre district, Malawi. The main objective of the study was to identify factors that act as barriers to the uptake of cervical cancer screening programs among urban and rural women in the Blantyre district of Malawi. A quantitative design was used and convenience sampling was applied in selecting a sample of 196 women from the population of women aged 18 and over in two Reproductive Health clinics, one urban clinic at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital and one rural clinic at Mlambe hospital in Blantyre district, Malawi. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire was translated from English into the local Chichewa language so that respondents were interviewed and responded in a language that they were able to comprehend. Analysis and discussion of findings are presented in five sections. Data were processed into numeric values using SPSS version 15.0 and Microsoft Excel to give meaning to the findings of the study. In order to test for statistically significant associations between variables, the Pearson correlation was applied. The study revealed that the main barrier to CCS was that women lack knowledge and information about cervical cancer and there is a lack of publicity about CCS services. Lack of knowledge was found in relation to - risk factors, prevention of, detection of and benefits of cervical cancer screening with a greater knowledge deficit being found in the rural women. Higher levels of education in both the urban and rural groups did not have a positive influence on the screening behaviours of the women. Commencing sexual intercourse at ages 15 to 19 years and having multiple sexual partners were the main risk factors to cervical cancer among the women in the study. It was also found that although rural women perceived themselves being very likely to be at risk of cervical cancer, this perception did not translate into CCS behaviour. v / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

The aim of this study was to describe the clients' satisfaction with Primary Health Care (PHC) Services in Lilongwe Health District with regard to client involvement in health care delivery and the accessibility of PHC services. It was hoped that the information generated would be used in the evaluation of PHC Services in Lilongwe. A quantitative and qualitative research was done using an outcome analysis evaluation design. The study utilised Kawale and Chiwamba Health Centres and their catchment population. Systematic random sampling was used for the clients making use of the health centres, convenience sampling for those not using the health centres and purposive sampling for the focus group participants. Quantitative data was collected using self-administered questionnaires while qualitative data was collected using an interview guide in focus group sessions. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS and percentages and frequencies were calculated while qualitative data was analysed through a template style of analysis. The findings of the study revealed that in both Health Centres Clients were satisfied with some aspects of PHC such as, cultural accessibility, health education and listening abilities of health workers but there was still some evidence of dissatisfaction, and misunderstanding of the concept of Community Involvement in Health care delivery. This calls for a need to reorient communities on PHC delivery and what it means. / Thesis (M.N.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2004.

Fourteen Malawian news editors Q-sorted fifty-four stories under two situations: their real environment which is a developmental press system, and a hypothetical ideal situation emulating a western libertarian system. The Qconcourse was constructed using eighteen news value combinations developed by Water Ward through a 3x3x2 factorial design. The stories were sorted along an eleven point bi-polar continuum from "most likely to use" to "least likely to use."The study showed that in an ideal situation, all Malawian editors selected stories with conflict, known principal and impact. In their own situations, the editors split into two: Pro-government Editors who selected known principal, conflict and magnitude stories; and Privatelyowned Newspaper Editors who valued known principal and impact, followed by conflict and oddity. Despite the use of these news elements, the study showed that environmental factors in their own situations such as organizational policy and ownership also influenced story choices. Progovernment Editors would rather use a "normality" story, than use one with conflict, impact and known principal, but speaking ill of government. / Department of Journalism

This study sought to explore gender issues affecting management promotions in Malawi's health care services, utilising both qualitative and quantitative techniques in data collection and analysis. Promotion patterns were compared and contrasted for male and female managers. The study was based on the assumptions that • both men and women were aware of experiences that affected their promotion opportunities • promotion patterns showed fewer variations than did cultural, social and gender factors • male prejudices were maintained which oppressed women's promotions • increased decision-making power lowered stress about professional growth and development The findings supported the first two assumptions, but not the last two. The findings suggested that males and females encountered similar experiences concerning managerial promotions in Malawi's health care services. Factors that enhanced management successes for both males and females included management orientation and mentorship. Unclear promotion policies and procedures hindered management promotions. Information derived from this research could enable policy-makers to establish an environment that increases supportive networks and interactions between male and female managers in Malawi. Furthermore, to ensure equal opportunities in the health care services management, monitoring strategies by Malawi's Ministry of Gender, the Department of Human Resources Management and Development, and the Ministry of Health and Population need to be established and implemented. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)