Ämnet som jag har undersökt är synen på den avvikande individen i film. I min analys har jag använt mig av David Lynchs The Elephant man (1980) samt Werner Herzogs Kaspar Hauser (1974). Min analys är gjord utefter den hermeneutiska metoden och är således utarbetad efter mina egna tolkningar och reflektioner kring filmerna. Teorierna jag har använt mig av är postkolonialism och makt. I min slutsats har det framgått att det kan vara en mångfald anledningar till hur och varför människor väljer att behandla de avvikande individerna på sättet de gör. Dock så framgår det att de som behandlar de avvikande väl oftast motiverar sina handlingar genom att de finner sympatier för de utsatta. När det gäller de människor som ger en sämre behandling av de avvikande kan detta ofta motiveras på flera sätt. Dels så kan dessa människor ha en tro om att de gör de utsatta en ”tjänst” när de försäker omforma dem. Då man inte lyckas med omformningen legitimerar man istället att exkludera dem. Andra kan utsätta de avvikande för onda och giriga handlingar och motivera det som om de inte ser att det är människor med ett likvärdigt människovärde som de själva.

Bai Xian-yong is one of the most important contemporary writers. His works deeply and emotionally discussed changes in national history, sexual conflicts, homesickness for a foreign country, difference between Chinese and Western culture , etc. With love and care, the soul of the novels is established by the thoughts and feelings of the characters he created. The artistic energy and moving strength coming from his novels explain why his works play an important role in the literary world. First, this paper begins with the motivation of this thesis and the review of related papers. Through the reviews, we can seek more opportunities to support our study. Second, we start to analyze the main ideas and writing skills of ¡§Dream of the Red Chamber¡¨ which greatly affected Bai Xianyong's writings to find out the principles to classify male characters in his novels. Continued from previous discussion, after male characters are distinguished by their attitudes toward ideality, we explore their behaviors to find out the meaning and implication of why Bai created these roles. Next, we discuss those characters¡¦ changes or resistance when they feel depressed with the ideal and the reality of the conflicts. Furthermore, we find that the roles of husband and father in Bai Xianyong's novels reveal his dissatisfaction with the social system at that time, sympathy with homosexuals and care for women. Finally, the meaning of male roles in Bai Xianyong's works is summarized. By analyzing and discoursing the way he builds up the images of the male roles, his great contributions to modern literature are clearly presented.

In Elizabeth Costello (2003) and Slow Man (2005), J. M. Coetzee stages a doubling of voices in a number of ways on both fictional and meta-fictional levels. It occurs between one novel and the other, co-opting ¡§lectures¡¨ from yet a third work of his (The Lives of Animals, 1999) into the sequence to further complicate this practice of doubling. It also happens between characters that cross over from one work into another, between Elizabeth Costello who visits herself on Paul, in Slow Man, as the latter¡¦s ¡§author¡¨ and saving angel, and Paul, the slow man himself who tries to wean himself from such abstruse claims. Such a joint motif of crossing-over, resistance, and further attempts at claiming control makes a strong case against the integrity of generic and identity boundaries ¡V boundaries that traditional novels mostly adhere to in their stories. Together, in the sequence, however, these acts of transgression tend to double back upon one another, so much so that doubling practically becomes the main plot. This thesis examines how such a motif of doubling enhances the volume of voices that are too often muffled behind the loud insistence on limits and identity. It looks into the ¡§debates¡¨ between the generic forms in which the novels are written, namely narratives, essays, lectures and letters. Taking these debates into account, this thesis asks the fundamental question of how the characters ¡§communicate,¡¨ and what the value of ¡§communication¡¨ is when it produces only the effect of ¡§the hazard of language.¡¨ This may well be exactly the ultimate ¡§value¡¨ of the motif of doubling in this sequence, namely that by rubbing one voice against another, these novels succeed in giving shape and body to the ¡§countervoices¡¨ that lie checked under the human ethical bond of language. It takes a he and a she, a man who is looking for care and a writer who thinks she has the right cure to offer in writing, to construe the real conflicts between one man¡¦s cure and a woman¡¦s offer of care. Between the search for cure and the offer of care, there lies the true gap of beings that cannot be bridged. They can be crossed and crossed over at best, and it is the purpose of this thesis to count, to illustrate and to fathom some of these gaps of beings, and, as Coetzee tries to do, albeit in his typical self-reflexive mode of writing, to imagine the imaginary with which a cross-over is possible by way of writing.

The essence of the partnership to the government and nonprofit organization of cause in recent years changes gradually. The solitary old man in the social welfare looks after and already becomes an important subject in recent years, this research is in seven counties and cities in the south, the nonprofit organization which looks after the solitary old man is the research object, accept the parameter of the partnership between the bags outside the government, this research adopts a ripe Social Exchange Theory, SET, come to build the research way to construct a influence partnership.Use with the analytic approach of the questionnaire and return to the analytic approach, carry on analysis and way and prove. The result verifies 13 hypothesises, 10 hypothesises are supported, 3 hypothesises are not supported (1)' to the actual result of the comparative level ' could be higher than the original expectation , will determine ' believe in ' the degree; (2)' the actual result to the comparative level 's obtained, will have a apparent impact on ' partnership satisfaction '; (3) relies on the sense the government first , will just rest assured to believe in the government; (4)This ' believe in- rely on ' relation, it is the unable verify it is construct government exist at ' power ' under situation outside committee for surface; (5)It is not apparent to rely on influencing ' promise '; (6)The more great the government's ' power ' is, the more ' conflicts ' are; (7)' the conflict ' the impact on ' partnership satisfaction ' is defeated by and supports apparently relevantly; (8)Both sides ' communicate ' will contribute to setting up the one of both sides ' believe in '; (9)' common values ' construct surface is apparent to influence ' believe in ', can apparent to influence also ' promise '; (10)It is unable to prove ' the conflict ' can reduce each other ing of both sides; (11) ' believes in ' with the relation, the result is obtained and supported apparently; (12)' promise ' strong , unable to verify that the stronger ' partnership satisfaction ' is.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 150-155). Also available online.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Canterbury, 2009. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-81).

Thesis (M.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1999. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2775. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaf vi. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 27-29).

Thesis--Leyden. / Bibliography: p. 165-180.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 597-653).

Thesis (DD(Dogm.)--Universiteit van Pretoria, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 288-312).