<p> Globalization has resulted in the need for not only competent leaders but also leaders who have high levels of cultural intelligence. Currently there is a paucity of empirical research demonstrating causes of cultural intelligence, especially in the educational setting (Haigh, 2002; Knight, 2007; Rivera, Jr., 2010). The purpose of the current investigation is to examine whether educational experience (class level) has an impact on cultural intelligence and whether there is a statistical interaction between levels of cultural exposure and educational experience (class level) on cultural intelligence scores. A causal-comparative quasi-experimental cross-sectional quantitative study was used for the current investigation to describe differences between selected independent variables of educational experience (class level) and cultural exposure (none, minimal, moderate, high) on the dependent variable of cultural intelligence scores as measured by the Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS) (Ang et al., 2007). Main and interaction effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable indicated that differences in educational experience (class level) and/or cultural exposure level have an impact on cultural intelligence scores. The data were collected from a population consisting of business administration students at a community college in the midwestern United States. A convenience sampling technique was used, drawing from the database of students enrolled in the business administration program. Because differences in cultural intelligence scores were found between class levels in college in the additional analyses, education might impact cultural intelligence positively, and strategies to foster more educational opportunities were recommended. Differences in cultural exposure levels resulted in differences in cultural intelligence scores in both the primary and the additional analysis and additional opportunities for cultural exposure expansion were recommended. The results of this study are useful because institutions of higher education prepare students for a global environment and advance the cultural knowledge of their students. The information from this study corroborates and adds to the literature on education and cultural intelligence and may suggest that institutions of higher learning should promote augmented cultural information/exposure.</p>

<p> This study examines a cultural pedagogy relating to race, culture, and improving student achievement, as well as the extent to which teachers' critical and reflective practices influence how they deliver classroom instructions. When teachers' practices are critical and reflective they can re-assess their current teaching practices while attempting to improve their teaching pedagogy (Morton, 2009; Hatzipanagos &amp; Lygo-Baker, 2006). This study seeks to determine the relationship between student achievement and teachers' use of a cultural pedagogy. Research for this study considers three styles of pedagogy: culturally responsive pedagogy, culturally relevant pedagogy, and critical pedagogy. This study is intended to contribute to the body of research that focuses on student achievement in school districts with a predominantly African American student population. Information gained from this study should be of interest to most education administrators, practitioners, and counselors. </p>

<p> Single donor museums like the Isabella Stewart Gardner in Boston, the McNay Museum of Art in San Antonio, the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis and The Barnes Foundation in Merion and Philadelphia, provide an intimate experience for their visitors, donors, supporters and staff members. They must compete with larger, more encyclopedic museums, with larger budgets and more resources. Like all museums, they hold art in the public trust and are responsible to the public. Contemporary museology asks not only that all museums protect their collections and educate the public, but that they also engage with their communities. None of the single donors highlighted had to donate their art, their money or their homes, but all chose to. Each museum chose to expand or relocate in response to difficult problems, whether financial, logistical (need for more space) or legal. Each engages new publics in creative ways. Certain predictable problems arose for each and they creatively resolved (and continue to resolve) those problems. Lessons learned from the experience of four single donor museums may suggest new thinking for those anticipating similar expansions or moves.</p>

<p> The concept of open innovation has been highly popularized both in academia and industry for the last decade. Various types of firms have been studied from high tech to service. Yet, there has been limited academic review of open innovation as a collective business ecosystem. In particular, little research exists on how a business ecosystem is generated, how it adopts concepts associated with open innovation in its business practice, and what sustains an ecosystem over time. </p><p> My dissertation demonstrates how one business entity &ndash; Chez Panisse &ndash; started its business journey and how it practiced what is popularly called open innovation within its community for over 42 years. In order to do so, I closely observed and participated in understanding the California Cuisine ecosystem to collect data. I employed a single-case study method by incorporating in-depth interviews, participatory observation, as well as a thorough collection of publically available data. The research findings indicate that (1) knowledge spillover was a conduit to expand and grow the Chez Panisse ecosystem, (2) co-creation of products and services with ecosystem participants contributed to collective ecosystem innovation, and (3) social innovation and learning were key factors in strengthening the bond among stakeholders and enabled the ecosystem's expansion to the nation, and global level. </p><p> I introduce the concept of an <i>Open Innovation Ecosystem</i> as a business ecosystem that co-creates innovations with its stakeholders and captures co-created values collectively within the ecosystem. The Chez Panisse case illustrates how what is popularly referred to as open innovation can be practiced at the level of a business ecosystem and become an important factor in its growth and expansion. The research outcomes suggest that business practitioners should consider employing the approaches identified in this thesis if they are interested in designing, creating and growing or maintaining a business ecosystem. These results additionally indicate that participants of the Chez Panisse open innovation ecosystem stayed engaged because of the educational and social innovation aspects; therefore businesses may want to consider the role that education and social innovation can play in sustaining a healthy business ecosystem.</p>

<p>This study attempted to identify the issues confronting athletic directors at the NCAA Division I FBS membership institutions from the following athletic conferences: American Athletic Conference, Conference USA, Mid American Conference, Mountain West Conference, and Sun Belt Conference. These conferences are considered to be non-BCS automatic qualifying conferences. Since the literature showed a lack of research on most of the issues that impact the university athletic director, this research attempted to present an enhanced perspective of the issues that the athletic director must confront in his or her career and daily life. The researcher utilized an explanatory sequential mixed methods research design to identify and explore the issues. Twenty-two of sixty-one athletic directors responded to a thirteen item electronic survey. Follow-up interviews were administered to six of the athletic directors who indicated a willingness to participate. Athletic directors identified fundraising, managing the budget and finance issues, and student-athlete welfare as the top three issues affecting his or her career. Athletic directors identified the following as those issues that consumed most of their time: fundraising, managing his or her department's budget, and staying current on NCAA regulations. Athletic directors identified the following as their most stressful issues: fundraising, budget, decision making, personnel, the pending autonomy of the high resource conferences, and general uncertainty. Warning signs identified by the athletic directors included: national lawsuits, declining attendance (both alumni/fans and students) at sporting events, and decreasing state support. In addition, individual athletic directors identified the following issues that may impact the future: negative impact on the United States Olympic movement due to significantly increased emphasis on football and men's basketball, impact of non-practioner perspective in governance of collegiate athletics, and possible significant change in the definition of amateurism.

<p> This study examines the change process to enhance student persistence and graduation rates in four North Carolina community colleges. Using a qualitative research methodology, Lewin's change model is presented as a framework to investigate the acceptance and implementation of AtD principles in two community colleges. Processes to enhance student success were also examined at two non-AtD community colleges. The findings for this grounded research provide a rich understanding of the long-term impact of organizational change in AtD and non-AtD community colleges and inform future institutional efforts to improve student persistence to graduation or career-focused certifications. </p>

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2006. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-02, Section: A, page: 0641. Adviser: Peter Kuchinke. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-211) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2006. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-02, Section: A, page: 0642. Adviser: K. Peter Kuchinke. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 126-133) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

Diss. Uppsala : Univ., 2004.

Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.