<p> This study explored how citizen science programs can connect young people with nature while providing needed scientific data. The premise was that, with attention to proper design, modification of current programming might increase citizen science outcomes for conservation. Furthermore, combining sound scientific protocols with effective education and positive youth development strategies can lead to consequential benefits for youth and society. An embedded single-case study explored a set of 20 citizen science programs relevant to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to determine how the programs intended to educate and develop youth and to understand the programs&rsquo; designs. A theoretical framework based upon science education, environmental education, and positive youth development guided the inquiry. The study also explored how environmental educators, youth group leaders, scientists, and public land managers might work together to design and implement youth community and citizen science programs on federal lands. Study findings informed development of a prototype planning framework to guide planning and implementation of youth-focused community and citizen science programs on federal lands. Using the framework to design robust citizen science programs can assist scientists monitoring environmental conditions to inform land management decisions; and assist environmental education program coordinators to design meaningful service&ndash;learning activities for youth.</p><p>

by Shing-chiang Wong. / Bibliography: leaf 73 / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1986

Technological and industrial advances have resulted in the growth of large enterprises.Optimization models have been developed to increase the efficiency of partsof these systems, but models that optimize entire enterprises are frequently immenseand very complex to solve. Sequential solution techniques have resulted, which leadto useful, but not globally optimal, solutions. For example, airlines develop flightschedules based on strategic business objectives, and sequentially plan operationalprocesses to execute the schedule. Proven models that exist for the operationalsubproblems are solved sequentially, begin with a flight schedule, and allow limitedfeedback in the planning process. Since small changes to the individual parts haveproduced millions of dollars in improvement, an overall optimal solution could yielda significant increase in the airline's profit.We consider a modelling paradigm that moves toward integrated methods for theairline schedule planning phase using surrogate representations of the operationalproblems. In this context, surrogate models are relatively easy to solve, yet suffi-ciently representative of the operational problem to reflect its impact on schedulechoices. To illustrate, we develop surrogate models of maintenance scheduling, crewscheduling, and revenue generation. We solve the master schedule problem with eachsurrogate model using well-known decomposition techniques, and then combine thesurrogates into a single model that is readily decomposed into multiple subproblemsand solved.The model developments include additional considerations in constructing surrogatemodels. For example, to demonstrate validation of a surrogate's utility, wecompared the feasibility indications from the maintenance subproblem surrogate tothose from a larger, exact model of maintenance feasibility. The crew scheduling surrogatemodel development incorporates disruptions in the master schedule, drivingthe schedule to account for both crew costs and the impact of random disruptions.Finally, in the revenue management subproblem, we consider random demand thatimpacts a schedule's profitability.While surrogate solutions are inherently of little utility operationally, the resultsare useful for shaping the master schedule towards a global optimum. The paradigmallows for consideration of the subproblems in initial planning, so that solutionsobtained from the full models are based on a schedule that may lead to a betteroverall bottom line.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2002. / Thesis submitted to the Division of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education. Bibliography: leaves 335-355.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Business Information Systems, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 31, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-114). Also issued in print.

Diss. ESCP-EAP Europäische Wirtschaftshochschule Berlin, 2008. / Business and Economics (German Language) (Springer-11775) (GWV). Originaltitel: Markenprofilierung durch produktbegleitende Dienstleistungen - Eine empirische Untersuchung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kundenmitwirkung.

Diss. ESCP-EAP Europäische Wirtschaftshochschule Berlin, 2008. / Business and Economics (German Language) (Springer-11775) (GWV). Originaltitel: Markenprofilierung durch produktbegleitende Dienstleistungen - Eine empirische Untersuchung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kundenmitwirkung.

Diss. Universität Bremen, 2009. / Business and Economics (German Language) (Springer-11775) (GWV).

Diss. Universität Bremen, 2009. / Business and Economics (German Language) (Springer-11775) (GWV).

Diss. Universität Mannheim, 2008. / Business and Economics (German Language) (Springer-11775) (GWV).