Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 465 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: David J. Hart, Dept. of Chemistry. Includes bibliographical references (p. 253-262).

La manzamine A est un alcaloïde indolique d'origine marine découvert et isolé en 1986 par T. Higa et son groupe dans des éponges marines du genre Pellina et Haliclona. La Manzamine A montre d'intéressantes activités antibactériennes et antitumorales. La structure unique de la Manzamine A ainsi que ces propriétés biologiques et sa rareté a donné l'impulsion en vue de sa synthèse totale. Au cours d'études préliminaires menées au sein de notre laboratoire, divers dérivés tétracycliques, noyau de base des manzamines, ont été obtenus par polycyclisation anionique. Nous avons donc tenté de tirer avantage de cette nouvelle méthodologie pour synthétiser un analogue indolique. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié plus en détail notre polycyclisation anionique. Divers intermédiaires de notre processus en une étape ont pu être isolés ou observés. Ceci nous a permis de proposer un schéma réactionnel détaillé et d'expliquer le diastéréosélectivité des tétracycles isolés. Nous avons également développé une méthode générale et efficace pour synthétiser divers β-céto-phosphonates à partir des acides correspondants. Notre objectif suivant était d'obtenir le macrocyle à treize chaînons. Pour ce faire, pas moins de cinq approches différentes ont été étudiées. Même si nous n'avons jamais obtenu le macrocycle désiré, plusieurs intermédiaires-clés ont ainsi été synthétisés de manière courte et efficace prouvant ainsi la versatilité de notre méthode. Certaines approches peuvent encore faire l'objet d'investigations. Enfin, nous nous sommes attardés à la fonctionnalisation des tétracyles obtenus. Les aziridines et les diones correspondantes sont isolées avec de bons rendements.

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Intramolecular hydroamination represents a potentially general, simple strategy to access various nitrogen heterocycles. While important progress has been accomplished in recent years, six-membered ring formation via alkene hydroamination is typically difficult and limited to terminal alkenes, suggesting that only 2-methylpiperidines can be accessed reliably with current methods. As part of the Beauchemin group efforts on metal-free concerted hydroamination methods, the first part of this thesis describes the development of a Cope-type hydroamination-Meisenheimer rearrangement (CHMR) sequence that is applicable in inter- and intramolecular reactions. Data acquired from optimization on a difficult substrate (coniine) and the successful application of the CHMR sequence to the syntheses of N-norreticuline and 10-desbromoarborescidine are reported. The amination of alkenes is surprisingly scarcely used in the synthesis of complex alkaloids despite its potential for the construction of structurally challenging molecules while avoiding functional group interconversions. Hence, the second part of this thesis describes the studies on a novel amination sequence, consisting of an intermolecular Diels-Alder followed by an intramolecular hydroamination reaction, in the efforts towards the synthesis of biologically active and structurally complex Manzamine A. As such, the synthesis of the model substrates, including the development of a novel family of aminodienes, as well as the assessment of their reactivity towards [4+2] cycloadditions is reported.

Intramolecular hydroamination represents a potentially general, simple strategy to access various nitrogen heterocycles. While important progress has been accomplished in recent years, six-membered ring formation via alkene hydroamination is typically difficult and limited to terminal alkenes, suggesting that only 2-methylpiperidines can be accessed reliably with current methods. As part of the Beauchemin group efforts on metal-free concerted hydroamination methods, the first part of this thesis describes the development of a Cope-type hydroamination-Meisenheimer rearrangement (CHMR) sequence that is applicable in inter- and intramolecular reactions. Data acquired from optimization on a difficult substrate (coniine) and the successful application of the CHMR sequence to the syntheses of N-norreticuline and 10-desbromoarborescidine are reported. The amination of alkenes is surprisingly scarcely used in the synthesis of complex alkaloids despite its potential for the construction of structurally challenging molecules while avoiding functional group interconversions. Hence, the second part of this thesis describes the studies on a novel amination sequence, consisting of an intermolecular Diels-Alder followed by an intramolecular hydroamination reaction, in the efforts towards the synthesis of biologically active and structurally complex Manzamine A. As such, the synthesis of the model substrates, including the development of a novel family of aminodienes, as well as the assessment of their reactivity towards [4+2] cycloadditions is reported.

This dissertation is devoted to our synthetic studies towards the total synthesis of the natural product Nakadomarin A, and Manzamine A using the Pauson-Khand reaction as the key step. Chapter 1 reviews past work using Pauson-Khand technology. Chapter 2 reviews the N-alkyl piperidine family of natural products. Chapter 3 reviews published total syntheses of Manzamine A and Nakadomarin A. Chapter 4 explores our work using the Pauson-Khand reaction to form the ABC rings of Nakadomarin A and subsequent B ring expansion to form the ABC ring core of Manzamine A. Chapter 5 explores our approaches to the furan portion, as well as, our approaches to the macrocyclic F ring. Finally Chapter 6 contains the description of the experiments performed along with relevant analytical data. / text

Intramolecular hydroamination represents a potentially general, simple strategy to access various nitrogen heterocycles. While important progress has been accomplished in recent years, six-membered ring formation via alkene hydroamination is typically difficult and limited to terminal alkenes, suggesting that only 2-methylpiperidines can be accessed reliably with current methods. As part of the Beauchemin group efforts on metal-free concerted hydroamination methods, the first part of this thesis describes the development of a Cope-type hydroamination-Meisenheimer rearrangement (CHMR) sequence that is applicable in inter- and intramolecular reactions. Data acquired from optimization on a difficult substrate (coniine) and the successful application of the CHMR sequence to the syntheses of N-norreticuline and 10-desbromoarborescidine are reported. The amination of alkenes is surprisingly scarcely used in the synthesis of complex alkaloids despite its potential for the construction of structurally challenging molecules while avoiding functional group interconversions. Hence, the second part of this thesis describes the studies on a novel amination sequence, consisting of an intermolecular Diels-Alder followed by an intramolecular hydroamination reaction, in the efforts towards the synthesis of biologically active and structurally complex Manzamine A. As such, the synthesis of the model substrates, including the development of a novel family of aminodienes, as well as the assessment of their reactivity towards [4+2] cycloadditions is reported.

Au cours de ce travail, nous nous sommes intéressés dans une première partie à la synthèse biomimétique d’alcaloïdes de type manzamines et plus particulièrement, aux manadomanzamines. Une étude de la réactivité des deux intermédiaires clés de leur biogenèse, les glutaconaldéhydes et les aminopentadiènals, a été entreprise. Ces mêmes molécules ont ensuite été utilisées comme équivalents synthétiques dans une synthèse biomimétique du squelette pentacyclique de la manadomanzamine A. Une seconde partie est consacrée à la préparation d’analogues stables de la pelletiérine en vue d’une synthèse biomimétique d’alcaloïdes du genre Lycopodium. / This work is dedicated to the biomimetic synthesis of complex polycyclic alkaloids namely the manzamine alkaloids and especially to manadomanzamine. The biogenetic hypotheses postulated for these alkaloids are reported in a first introductory chapter. A few examples of manzamine alkaloids biogenesis are described and compared. The second chapter is focused on the reactivity of reactive units (considered as simplified models of two key biosynthetic intermediates, namely glutaconaldehydes and aminopentadienals) resulting from the ring-opening of pyridinium salts, and their implication in natural products synthesis. Particularly detailed are the investigations conducted on 5-dimethylamino-2-methylpenta-2,4-dienal and the condensation of potassium glutaconaldehyde onto a pyridinium salt. The chemistry of these reactive units has been exploited to design several model studies towards the synthesis of pentacyclic indole nucleus of manadomanzamine A, isolated from an Indonesian sponge Acanthostrongylophora sp.. These biomimetic models, elaborated from a biosynthetic intermediate postulated in our biosynthesis hypothesis have culminated in the synthesis of the central pentacyclic indole nucleus. The last chapter reports the preparation of more or less oxidized analogs of pelletierine, the well known alkaloid isolated from Punica granatum. Compounds such as phenyloxazolopelletierine have been prepared and their reactivity investigated in view of the biomimetic synthesis of Lycopodium alkaloids.

Les travaux présentés concernent dans une première partie la synthèse biomimétique d’un alcaloïde indolomonoterpénique : la bipléiophylline. La bipléiophylline est le résultat de l’assemblage complexe de deux unités indoliques identiques ancrées sur une plateforme aromatique. Une stratégie générale de synthèse biomimétique de la bipléiophylline consistant i) à la synthèse de l’unité indolique pléiocarpamine et ii) à l’oxydation de l’acide 2,3-dihydroxybenzoïque a été envisagée. L’accès au squelette complexe de la pléiocarpamine a été étudié selon plusieurs stratégies de synthèse totale mais également par hémisynthèse. Parallèlement une étude des conditions d’oxydation notamment par électrochimie de l’acide 2,3-dihydroxybenzoïque ont permis de déterminer et caractériser son potentiel d’oxydation et de mettre au point les conditions de formation de sa forme oxydée. La seconde partie est consacrée à la synthèse biomimétique d’un modèle du cœur central de l’haliclonine A, un alcaloïde de la famille des manzamines. La synthèse de plusieurs précurseurs a été réalisée ainsi que l’étude de l’étape clé de double addition nucléophile sur un 5,6-dihydropyridinium. / Our work deals in the first part with a biomimetic synthesis of bipleiophyllin, an indolomonoterpenic alkaloid. The bipleiophyllin is the result of a complex anchorage of two identical indolic subunits on an aromatic platform. A general strategy for the biomimetic synthesis of bipleiophyllin consisting of i) the synthesis of the indolic unit pleiocarpamin and ii) the oxidation of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid; was considered. Access to the complex skeleton of pleiocarpamin has been studied by different total synthesis strategies but also by hemisynthesis. Meanwhile this work, a study of the oxidation conditions of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid including by electrochemistry, helped identify and characterize its oxidation potential and develop the required conditions to obtain its oxidized form. The second part is devoted to the biomimetic synthesis of a model compound, mimic of the central core of haliclonin A, an alkaloid of the family of manzamins. The synthesis of several precursors and the study of the key step consisting in a double nucleophilic addition to a 5,6-dihydropyridinium were done.