This thesis deals with the attitudes of students of two secondary schools to marihuana, alcohol use and their users. Attitudes to alcohol, marihuana and to their users are topics frequently discussed in connection with changing perception of these two substances. This trend can be best seen in adolescents during the period of late adolescence which is the period of secondary school studies. The main aim of the thesis is to find out which factors influence the attitudes of students to alcohol and drug use and if there are any differences concerning those factors between the observed schools. These factors come from theoretical considerations which are subsequently tested in research. As the research showed, the students' attitudes to marihuana and alcohol use, and also to alcohol users are primarily influenced by significant others, among which belong mainly peers and their parents or their own experience. While the individuals form their attitudes to alcohol primarily according to their parents, in case of marihuana, the individuals, who have experience with it, follow mainly their peers and their own experience. Those individuals also tend to be more positive towards other marihuana users. There have not been found out any significant differences concerning the attitudes to marihuana and alcohol...

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la relación entre los factores de personalidad y las estrategias de afrontamiento en jóvenes consumidores de marihuana. Se utilizó el Inventario de personalidad NEO-FFI, versión reducida del NEO PI R de Costa y McCrae (1999) y el Cuestionario de Estilos de Afrontamiento (COPE) de Carver, Scheier y Weintraub (1989). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 41 hombres y 10 mujeres, entre 13 y 23 años de edad, que solicitaron consulta por consumo de marihuana en un programa ambulatorio de motivación y consejería en adicciones de Lima Metropolitana. Los índices de confiabilidad del NEOFFI fueron bajos, por lo que se neutralizaron los ítems correspondientes para incrementar la confiabilidad; sin embargo, la escala de Apertura mantuvo un índice bajo de confiabilidad. Se encontraron puntajes más altos en Conciencia y Extraversión. Las estrategias de afrontamiento más usadas fueron la planificación y aceptación, y en último lugar, el afrontamiento activo y la supresión de actividades en competencia. Se hallaron relaciones entre las estrategias de contención, uso de humor, liberar emociones, uso de alcohol y drogas, desentendimiento mental y conductual, soporte instrumental y negación y los cuatro factores de personalidad. La variable sociodemográfica edad se relacionó directamente con el uso de la aceptación, y el número de intentos por dejar el consumo correlacionó con una menor búsqueda de soporte social; además, los jóvenes que suspendieron el consumo al menos una vez usaron más el soporte instrumental y emocional que quienes nunca lo hicieron. El uso de la planificación, aceptación y soporte emocional e instrumental, así como puntajes menores de Neuroticismo y mayores de Conciencia se relacionan a patrones de consumo de marihuana menos problemáticos, aspecto que cobra relevancia para la comprensión e intervención en jóvenes consumidores de marihuana. / This investigation intended to study the relationship between personality factors and coping strategies used by young cannabis users, using the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1999) and the COPE’s Coping Styles Scale (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub, 1989). The sample comprised of 41 men and 10 women, between the ages of 13 and 23 (M= 17, DE=2.76) who seeked counsel at an addiction ambulatory motivation and counselling centre in Lima. Reliability results for the NEOFFI were low, leading to the neutralisation of the most troublesome items. Openness results were not reliable. Participants rated highest in Conscientiousness and Extraversion. Coping strategies most used were planning and acceptance, while active coping was the least utilized. Relationships between four personality traits and restraint, humor, venting of emotions, substance use, behavioral and mental disengagement, use of emotional social support and denial, as well as a positive relation between age and use of acceptance. Finally, as the numbers of attempts to stop smoking increased, so did the use of substances, emotional social support lessened, and the use of this final strategy varied according to the number of times of smoking cessation. The use of planning, acceptance and emotional social support, as well as lower levels of Neuroticism and higher scores in Conscientiousness, relate to healthier patterns of marijuana use, and therefore are aspects to be considered for understanding and treating young marijuana consumers.

La presente investigación nace con el objetivo de determinar la relación entre la Percepción de Riesgo y el Locus de Control. El grupo de participantes estuvo conformado por 36 adolescentes (M=17), que acudieron a un servicio de consejería ambulatorio por consumo de marihuana. La medición del locus de control se llevó a cabo con la escala de Locus de Control de Reyes-Lagunes, específicamente la adaptación de Cervantes en población mexicana y para la Percepción de Riesgo con el Cuestionario de Percepción de Riesgo del Observatorio Interamericano de Drogas. Los resultados revelaron que los participantes presentaban una percepción de riesgo baja en lo que refiere a la marihuana, siendo esta más alta en drogas cocaínicas, tabaco y alcohol, entre otras. No se encontraron diferencias significativas según sexo u otras variables sociodemográficas o inherentes al consumo en lo que refiere a la marihuana, más si en edad en la variable cocaína, siendo los adolescentes mayores lo que le otorgan mayor peligrosidad a la cocaína. Asimismo se encontró un locus de control marcadamente interno en los participantes, tanto hombres como mujeres. / The present study was aimed to describe the relation between risk perception and locus of control. The group of participants consisted of 36 adolescents (M=17) who turned to an outpacient facility because of marihuana abuse. The measurement of the locus of control was conducted with the Reyes-Lagunes locus of control scale, validated for Mexican population and a questionnaire about risk perception. The results revealed that the adolescents had a low risk perception of marihuana, while the risk perception of cocaine, alcohol and tobacco was higher. There were no differences in risk perception according to gender, but according to age, the older adolescents had a higher risk perception of cocaine. In addition, it was found that the participants presented an internal locus of control, without differences according to sex, age or other variables.

University: Charles University in Prague Faculty: First Faculty of Medicine Psychiatric clinic, Center for Addictology School Year…….2012/2013…… ABSTRACT DIPLOMA WORK Name …………………Bc. Kristýna Piskáčková....………………………………….… Branch of study: Addictology Matriculation Year: …………2006….………… Thesis supervisor: Mgr. Jaroslav Vacek The number of pages:……80…………… Diploma Thesis Title: Obtaining cannabis drugs by adolescents: the comparison of the wards experience from facilities for foreigners with the selected facilities for wards with Czech nationality The goal of the diploma thesis is to determine the ways and circumstances of obtaining hemp drugs by adolescent users - wards of selected facilities for juveniles. Theoretical part mainly deals with issues such as cannabis drugs, usage patterns, cannabis distribution patterns, drug market and school facilities system for the performance of residential care and protective upbringing. The research part first deals with research questions, methods of data creation, then with the help of data analysis are given the answers to research questions. The used method of obtaining data is semi-structured interview. The survey was conducted with 16 participants. The sample only consists of one gender - male. Their age is from 15 to 18. Participant's statements are kept and...

1 Abstract BASIC POSTULATES: It is common the people affected by ADHD consume addictive substances such as alcohol, marihuana, heroin, sedatives, analgetics, nicotine, caffeine, sugar, cocaine or street-produced amphetamines, seeking relief from their sensations of motorical unease and to disturb their rationalising and thinking (Downs, 2013). Using these substances subjectively improves their abilities, reducing the undesired and unpleasant sensations emanating from the ADHD, possibly even creating enjoyable and desirable moods. The resulting problem is, this self-medication causes troubles in many aspects, detectable only gradually after longer periods of consumption. What starts as an effort to paliate the undesirable symptoms of ADHD and other effects thereof, progressively becomes seeking a solution to harmful consumption of marihuana and, in extreme cases, additiction to cannabinoids (Jensen, 2013). OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this thesis is to analyse adult ADHD, regardless of whether they have been diagnosed, yet with perduring symptoms, and who have never been medicated and now use marihuana as self-medication. The main objective is to determine whether respondents subjectively realise when cannabis helps them to relieve their internal unease and when not. Besides, it is also to learn if we can...

Purpose: To verify that the psychodiagnostics Vienna Test System (VTS) can be used to test the critical level performance characteristics, abilities and skills which are necessary to drive a car, or which are affecting it, on long-term marijuana users. Methods: Two semi-structured interviews, questionnaire, administration of the test battery VTS. Conclusion: It is possible to construct a test battery to be used on long-term marijuana users, which can determine whether the subject is theoretically able to drive even under the influence of THC. However, this test battery must be subjected to a quantitative verification. Keywords: computerized diagnostic, VTS (Vienna Test System), driving car, long-term marihuana users

Based on the study of available literature in this thesis are defined easily accessible poisons, which are carbofuran, methanol, ethylene glycol, marijuana, methamphetamine, heroin and cocaine. The thesis is further defined by crime, with those readily available poisons committed on the territory of the Czech Republic. Defined easily accessible poisons were also associated with a particular crime that is committed to them and based on statistical outputs of the Czech Police and the National Drug Headquarters of the Police of the Czech Republic was conducted statistical research that is readily available to these poisons committing a crime on the territory of the Czech Republic, and whether there are differences in crime rates between different regions of the Czech Republic. The second part describes the methodology of work and research questions. The third part consists of the results which graphically compares crime committed with easily accessible poisons. The final part consists of discussions, where they are analyzed the achievements of work. To achieve the objectives in this work used data collection methods, analytical, mathematical and graphical. While writing this thesis I first considered studying literature in easily accessible poisons and study applicable laws, which serve as the legal basis for the definition of crimes. When I was writing a thesis based on research questions: They are easily accessible poisons available in the Czech Republic? There in the CR crime committed using readily available poisons? There are differences between individual regions in the Czech Republic? These research questions were answered by meeting our goals, namely the Czech Republic are readily available poisons available with them commit crime in the crimes committed there are differences between individual regions.

This thesis deals with the topic of marijuana legalization as a possible way of resolving the conflict in Mexico. The paper uses demand and supply methods to estimate the size of the drug market, a comparative analysis of existing studies dealing with this issue and analyze the available indicators to determine the success of repressive strategies. The main objective is to determine the possible impact of legalizing marijuana on revenue of Mexican cartels, the level of violence in the country, and finally the social implications that are associated with it. The paper also outlines the historical development of a global approach to the drug problem with a particular emphasis on the evolution of the political discourse on the issue of legalization in the US and Mexico which have been sharing the consequences associated with drug trafficking.

Submitted by Carolina Gonçalves da Silva null (1285769@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-07-02T02:35:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO Carolina Silva.pdf: 3173708 bytes, checksum: e6838a7dbc0e4701a05f8e96f5622f30 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-07-04T17:19:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cg_me_arafcl.pdf: 3173708 bytes, checksum: e6838a7dbc0e4701a05f8e96f5622f30 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-04T17:19:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cg_me_arafcl.pdf: 3173708 bytes, checksum: e6838a7dbc0e4701a05f8e96f5622f30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo desta investigação é compreender, a partir de uma perspectiva bakhtiniana, a produção do discurso polêmico na esfera jornalística. Mais especificamente, observaram-se os sentidos em circulação na polêmica da maconha, tal como ela se manifesta no gênero discursivo capa de revista. O corpus é constituído por seis capas de publicações semanais brasileiras (Veja, Carta Capital, Isto É e Época), veiculadas entre 2012 e 2016. A análise desse material foi baseada no aporte teórico-metodológico do chamado Círculo de Bakhtin, Medviédev e Volochínov, que propõe uma abordagem dialógica do discurso. As reflexões se organizaram, principalmente, em torno dos conceitos de dialogia, signo ideológico, enunciado concreto, gênero discursivo, esfera de atividade humana e polêmica. Tal interpretação dialógica do discurso consiste em entender a linguagem enquanto produto da interação entre sujeitos históricos e socialmente organizados. Esse ponto de vista permitiu compreender o diálogo sobre a maconha na imprensa para além da polêmica aberta, geralmente reduzida a oposições como proibir/legalizar. A partir dessa perspectiva, verificou-se a existência de uma disputa velada pela legitimidade de enunciar sentidos para o signo “maconha” - em sua relação indissociável com outros signos, como “legalização”, “drogas” e “descriminalização”. As análises levaram, portanto, à identificação de um espaço de instabilidades na imprensa brasileira. Nesse campo, a polêmica insinuada se materializa sutilmente na articulação das dimensões verbal e visual dos enunciados e se faz presente, também, naquilo que não foi dito, mas que, ainda assim, os constitui. Tal recorrência da temática da maconha no gênero discursivo capa de revista - capaz de produzir relevâncias e debates públicos -, é entendida como indício de transformações sociais e conflitos ideológicos reais, em pleno e constante desdobramento. Esses embates colocam em jogo, além da significação da palavra (cristalizada na língua e no senso comum), avaliações socialmente compartilhadas sobre determinadas práticas e políticas históricas, bem como as imagens de sujeito, que também são produzidas e ressignificadas pelo/no discurso sobre a droga. Foi possível, ainda, notar como as estabilidades relativas do gênero discursivo e os valores constitutivos da esfera jornalística afetam a forma de refração dos acontecimentos, a construção das enunciações e a produção de realidades postas em circulação pela mídia. Finalmente, esta pesquisa buscou analisar a polêmica enquanto acontecimento discursivo, fenômeno histórico e social, como reflexo/refração de embates políticos, econômicos e ideológicos reais, produzidos na constante interação dialética entre infra e superestruturas. Espera-se, assim, que o trabalho contribua para apontar outras leituras possíveis do discurso polêmico, para além das dicotomias e discórdias declaradas. / The purpose of this investigation is to understand, from a Bakhtinian perspective, the polemical discourse produced within the journalistic sphere. More specifically, we observe the meanings that have been negotiated inside the dispute over marihuana manifested on the cover of magazines, seen as a discourse genre. The corpus is composed by six covers of Brazilian weekly magazines (Veja, Carta Capital, Isto É and Época), published between 2012 and 2016. Its analysis was based on the theoretical and methodological approach proposed by the group of intellectuals known as the “Bakhtin, Medvedev and Voloshinov Circle”, who developed a dialogical approach to the discourse. Reflections were mainly centered on the notions of dialogue, ideological sign, concrete utterance, discourse genre, sphere of human activity and polemic. This dialogical interpretation of the discourse proposed by the Circle consists of understanding language as a product of the interaction between historical and socially organized subjects. That viewpoint allowed us to comprehend the dialogue about marihuana on the press beyond the explicit polemic, usually reduced to oppositions such as prohibit it /legalize it. From this perspective, we verified the existence of a latent dispute for the legitimate power of enunciating meanings for the sign “marihuana” in its unbreakable relation with other signs as “legalization”, “drugs” and “decriminalization”. Therefore, the analyses led us to the identification of a space of instability in the Brazilian press, where the hidden polemic is subtly materialized on the articulation between the verbal and visual dimensions of the utterances and also on its non-verbalized part, which yet constitutes them. The reoccurrence of the theme of marihuana in that discourse genre (which is able to produce relevant issues and public debate) is taken as a clue to understand social changes and real ideological conflicts in plain and constant development. This implicit polemic destabilizes not only the signification of the word (crystalized on the language and on the common sense), but it has also allowed the negotiation of social judgments concerning historical practices and policies, as well as the transformation of the images of subjects, which are produced and transformed by/on the discourse. Besides that, we could notice how the relative stabilities of the discourse genre and the constitutive values of the journalistic sphere affect the refraction of the facts, the construction of the utterances and the production of realities spread by the media. Finally, this research tried to comprehend polemic as a discursive event, a social and historical phenomenon, and as a reflection/refraction of real political-economic and ideological conflicts, produced by the constant dialectical interaction between infra and superstructures. As a result, this work is expected to contribute to point out possible ways of reading the polemic discourse beyond dichotomies and declared controversies.

BASIC POSTULATES: It is common the people affected by ADHD consume addictive substances, seeking relief from their sensations of motorical unease and to disturb their rationalising and thinking. Using these substances subjectively improves their abilities, reducing the undesired and unpleasant sensations emanating from the ADHD, possibly even creating enjoyable and desirable moods. The resulting problem is, this self-medication causes troubles in many aspects, detectable only gradually after longer periods of consumption. What starts as an effort to paliate the undesirable symptoms of ADHD and other effects thereof, progressively becomes seeking a solution to harmful consumption of marihuana and, in extreme cases, additiction to cannabinoids. OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this thesis is to find out what is the purpose of the people with ADHD diagnosis in taking cannabis. The focus as put on whether cannabis is used to treat the symptoms of ADHD or not (regardless of the diagnosis). It was also important to map what other addictive substances use if self-medication using cannabis. METHODS: Semi-structured was chosen for the purposes of research. The questionnaires were used from L. Adler ASRS -V1 Adler.1 - Report (Adult ADHD Self Scale). Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test (CUDIT) from...