With abundant resources and vast water bodies, the ocean can be used in many ways. Since the marine resources are usually distributed in specific areas, the competition among different uses is often intense and finally lead to conflicts in the maritime zone. Although there are several laws and regulations on the ocean and coast management in Taiwan, most of them just focuses on the terrestrial land and does not include the management mechanisms of the marine environment. Furthermore, the maritime zone must be a common property and every stakeholder can enjoy its privilege under a fairly management mechanism. Nevertheless, the Fisheries Act regarded the ¡§fishing right¡¨ is the ¡§right of property¡¨. This leads a misunderstanding of fishermen and dominates the maritime zone as well as hinders the multi-use of the ocean. Although the draft National Land Planning Act includes the concepts of ¡§conservation areas¡¨, the limits of maritime zone and its necessary management mechanisms have not been clearly regulated. This study referred to the definition and the jurisdiction of maritime zones in a coastal state which regulated in United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and investigates several cases on the ocean and coast utilization management in China, America, and Netherlands. After hat this research makes some suggestions for in Taiwan. It concludes that the country needs to consider all maritime zones including exclusive economic zone, contiguous zone, territorial waters and internal waters in the planning process of national resources. In practice, however, the maritime zone within the limits of territorial waters should be included in the national spatial management plan first. The scope of planning maritime zone can be extended to the exclusive economic zone after negotiating with adjacent countries. The concept of functional zoning has been included in the 2006 Ocean Policy White Paper published by the National Council for Maritime Affairs in Taiwan recently. After analyzing the cases of the National Marine Functional Zoning in China and the planning of Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in Australia, this study highlights that the protection of marine environment deserves the top priority on the national spatial planning agenda. The marine functional zoning must base on the characteristics of the ecological sensitivity. However, Taiwan is still in lack of both the exclusive law and a lead agency on maritime zoning and ocean management. These problems should be solved by amendment and/or enactment of related laws. In addition, the zoning policy, management criteria and user-pay principles should be studies in the future.

The aquaculture is the fastest growing food source globally, 47% of the aquatic food supply in the whole world came from aquaculture, may exceed 60% 20 years later, but aquaculture under the situation of sustainable development and environmental protection with surging consciousness in the coastal wetland inland, developments are also contracted by limit factors, Marine culture become an important way of development in the future, certainly will become the mainstream of future fishery. Taiwan, surround by sea, the area shallower than 30 meters of depth offshore (include the intertidal zone) is up to 300,000 hectares, is possessed of excellent aquatic aquacultural technique backgrounds, with both traditional and prospective aquacultural type at the same time, suitable for developing marine culture very much. Marine aquaculture of the ¡§demarcated fishing right ¡¨in the Fisheries Act currently, facing the complication and diversity of utilizing in the maritime spaces day by day, uncertainty about fishing right of policy from central government, and confused concept of ¡§title right¡¨, cause the perplexing and dispute of management. The integrated use of GPS, RS and GIS technology, has nearly already applied to every industry field in recent years, in addition, action device technology change with each passing day, let the aspect of 3-S technical application wider and diversification. Management and administration also need to come with the correct idea to marine aquaculture, can just develop sustainablly, it¡¦s necessary to utilize 3-S technology which mellower rapidly, as the tool of management of sea area of demarcated fishery and establish the mechanism and model of management, implement of sea farming, planned production, and the best practice of responsible fishery. This research shows, the government should face marine aquaculture industry squarely again, set up the intact mechanism of management and structure, need to combine and implement with the modern scientific and technological tool, start from each link, use the database platform of integrated 3-S technology, even cooperate with the action device, can offer the improved dynamic management model, and believe that provide the breakthrough reform benefit to development and management of marine aquaculture industry. In order to solve the problem that already been existed for a long time in industry, to set up suitable regulations for management and how to promote making the transition of industry in the future, can't solve all problems by the technological tool only, must still amend the policy and system, both improved in chorus, can offer the good development environment for marine aquaculture. The application of 3-S integrated technology to current demarcated fishing right fishery and future marine aquaculture: 1.Offer a reliable and practical tool for traditional demarcated fishing right fishery administration ; 2. An essential dynamic database of marine aquaculture management in the future; 3. Constructed database in existence must be exactly merged effectively. Should comply with the current tendency of the world, establish the marine functional zoning, changing the concept of marine space using: 1. The marine functional zoning system is a world trend; 2. Set up a sustainable mechanism of management to use ocean; 3. Break the confused concept of ¡§title right¡¨; 4. Public wealth and pay for marine use. The integrated regulation of marine aquaculture should include: 1. Application and permission of the license to marine space using right; 2. Arrangement of management fund; 3. The items of marine pollution monitoring and the precaution implement; 4.The essential items of health management of the aquatic species cultured; 5. The establishment of the ¡§Traceability System¡¨ and dynamic database; 6. Advancing marine aquaculture insurance; 7. Aquatic food security.