published_or_final_version / Zoology / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

published_or_final_version / Civil Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy

by Wong Tak-ching. / Bibliography: p. 136-139 / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1985

by Kwok Yuk Chun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-124). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / by Kwok Yuk Chun. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / Contents --- p.vi / List of Figures --- p.x / List of Tables --- p.xiii / List of Plates --- p.xiv / List of Appendices --- p.xv / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Hong Kong --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Sediment --- p.1 / Chapter 1.3 --- Pore water --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Phase 1: Toxicity characterization --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Phase 2: Toxicity identification --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Phase 3: Toxicity confirmation --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5 --- Bioassay --- p.15 / Chapter 1.6 --- Microtox® test --- p.16 / Chapter 2. --- OBJECTIVES --- p.18 / Chapter 3. --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.19 / Chapter 3.1 --- Source of sediment samples --- p.19 / Chapter 3.2 --- Preparation of pore water --- p.19 / Chapter 3.3 --- Phase 1 Toxicity characterization: Baseline toxicity test --- p.22 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Microtox® test --- p.22 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Phase 1 Toxicity characterization --- p.26 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- pH adjustment test --- p.27 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- pH adjustment filtration test --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- pH adjustment aeration test --- p.29 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- pH adjustment C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) test --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.7 --- Cation exchange test --- p.32 / Chapter 3.3.8 --- Anion exchange test --- p.33 / Chapter 3.4 --- Phase 2 Toxicity identification --- p.34 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Determination of metal ions by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-ES) --- p.35 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Determination of anions by ion chromatography (IC) --- p.36 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Determination of organic compounds by a total organic carbon (TOC) --- p.36 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Determination of organic compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) --- p.37 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Determination of organic compounds by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) --- p.38 / Chapter 3.4.6 --- Determination of sulphide by colorimetric method --- p.41 / Chapter 3.5 --- Phase 3 Toxicity confirmation --- p.41 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Mass balance test --- p.44 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Spiking test --- p.44 / Chapter 4. --- RESULTS --- p.45 / Chapter 4.1 --- General characteristics of the sediment collected in Kwun Tong Typhoon Shelter --- p.45 / Chapter 4.2 --- General characteristics of the pore water after the centrifugation of sediment --- p.45 / Chapter 4.3 --- Phase 1-Toxicity characterization: Baseline toxicity test --- p.45 / Chapter 4.4 --- Phase 1-Toxicity characterization --- p.48 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Effect of manipulations on Sample S1 --- p.48 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effect of manipulations on Sample S2 --- p.50 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Effect of manipulations on Sample S3 --- p.50 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Effect of manipulations on Sample S4 --- p.52 / Chapter 4.4.5 --- Effect of manipulations on Sample S5 --- p.55 / Chapter 4.4.6 --- Effect of manipulations on Sample S6 --- p.57 / Chapter 4.4.7 --- Summary of the Phase 1 manipulations on the Microtox® test --- p.59 / Chapter 4.5 --- Phase 2-Toxicity identification --- p.59 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Summary of the Phase 2 toxicity identification --- p.70 / Chapter 4.6 --- Phase 3-Toxicity confirmation --- p.70 / Chapter 4.6.1 --- Result of Phase 3 for Sample S3 --- p.70 / Chapter 4.6.2 --- Result of Phase 3 for Sample S4 --- p.73 / Chapter 4.6.3 --- Result of Phase 3 for Sample S5 --- p.76 / Chapter 4.6.4 --- Result of Phase 3 for Sample S6 --- p.79 / Chapter 4.6.5 --- Summary of the Phase 3 toxicity confirmation --- p.79 / Chapter 5. --- DISCUSSION --- p.82 / Chapter 5.1 --- Phase 1 Toxicity characterization: Baseline toxicity test --- p.82 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Baseline toxicity of whole pore water samples on the Microtox® test --- p.82 / Chapter 5.2 --- Phase 1-Toxicity characterization: Manipulations --- p.83 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Effect of manipulations on the Microtox® test --- p.83 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- pH adjustment test --- p.83 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- pH adjustment filtration test --- p.84 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- pH adjustment aeration test --- p.85 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Cation exchange test --- p.85 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- Anion exchange test --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2.7 --- pH adjustment C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) test --- p.86 / Chapter 5.3 --- Phase 2-Toxicity identification --- p.87 / Chapter 5.4 --- Phase 3-Toxicity confirmation --- p.88 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Mass balance on the Microtox® test --- p.89 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Spiking test on the Microtox® test --- p.90 / Chapter 5.5 --- Explanation of S as the major toxicant in Phase 1，Phase 2 and Phase3 --- p.90 / Chapter 5.6 --- Characteristics of Sulphide (S2-) --- p.91 / Chapter 5.6.1 --- Sources of S2- --- p.91 / Chapter 5.6.2 --- Harmful effect of S “ and its toxicity --- p.93 / Chapter 5.6.3 --- Sulphide determination by colorimetric method --- p.94 / Chapter 5.6.4 --- Sulphide determination by other methods --- p.95 / Chapter 5.6.5 --- Sulphide preservation --- p.95 / Chapter 5.7 --- Synergistic effect of S2- and C18 SPE test elutriate --- p.96 / Chapter 5.8 --- Treatment of contaminated marine sediment in Hong Kong --- p.97 / Chapter 5.9 --- Treatment of contaminated marine sediment in Kwun Tong Typhoon Shelter --- p.98 / Chapter 5.10 --- Treatment of sediment contaminated with sulphide in Hong Kong --- p.99 / Chapter 5.11 --- Other treatment method of sediment contaminated with sulphide --- p.100 / Chapter 5.12 --- Current limitations and abilities in identification of toxicants in pore water --- p.101 / Chapter 5.13 --- Improvement and Recommendations --- p.102 / Chapter 6. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.104 / Chapter 7. --- REFERENCES --- p.105 / Chapter 8. --- APPENDICES --- p.125

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning and Environmental Management / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Ecology and Biodiversity / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management