published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

published_or_final_version / Civil Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy

據稿本影印 / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院地理學部,1993. / 參考文獻: leaves 212-219 / 郭錦添. / Chapter I. --- 導論 / Chapter A. --- 引言 --- p.1 / Chapter B. --- 研究目的 --- p.1 / Chapter C. --- 研究意義 --- p.3 / Chapter D. --- 理論架構 --- p.4 / Chapter 1. --- 化學形態 --- p.4 / Chapter a. --- 水體中重金屬化學形態分類 --- p.6 / Chapter b. --- 顆粒態重金屬化學形態分類 --- p.7 / Chapter 2. --- 重金屬化學形態與其毒性的關係 --- p.10 / Chapter 3. --- 化學形態分析方法及其困難 --- p.13 / Chapter 4. --- 重金屬在水體與沉積物交接面間的活動 --- p.15 / Chapter 5. --- 重金屬遷移與形態間轉化機制 --- p.17 / Chapter E. --- 香港過往對海港中重金屬的研究 --- p.19 / Chapter II. --- 研究方法 / Chapter A. --- 研究策略 --- p.22 / Chapter B. --- 採樣點分佈 --- p.23 / Chapter C. --- 野外採樣方法 --- p.25 / Chapter D. --- 分析項目及方法 --- p.26 / Chapter 1. --- 重金屬的選擇 --- p.26 / Chapter a. --- 毒性 --- p.26 / Chapter b. --- 濃度 --- p.27 / Chapter c. --- 參考數據 --- p.27 / Chapter 2. --- 分離技術和分析方法 --- p.28 / Chapter a. --- 重金屬分祈法 --- p.28 / Chapter b. --- 水樣分析法 --- p.30 / Chapter c. --- 沉積物樣本分析法 --- p.31 / Chapter d. --- 試劑配備 --- p.32 / Chapter e. --- 選擇以上分析項目的原因 --- p.33 / Chapter f. --- 模擬實驗的設計 --- p.34 / Chapter III. --- 香港近岸沉積物中重金屬含量及其化學形態分佈 / Chapter A. --- 引言 --- p.39 / Chapter B. --- 總濃度分析 --- p.39 / Chapter C. --- 化學形態分析 --- p.40 / Chapter D. --- 總結 --- p.44 / Chapter IV. --- 荃灣個案研究 / Chapter A. --- 研究目的及其重要性 --- p.45 / Chapter B. --- 研究结果 --- p.46 / Chapter 1. --- 水質 --- p.46 / Chapter a. --- 荃灣海域的水文情況 --- p.46 / Chapter b. --- 水污染的空間與時間分佈規律 --- p.48 / Chapter c. --- 水體中重金屬污染物的濃度與存在形態 --- p.49 / Chapter d. --- 小结 --- p.50 / Chapter 2. --- 海底沉積物 --- p.51 / Chapter a. --- 荃灣海域底泥的化學特性 --- p.51 / Chapter b. --- 荃灣海泥中重金屬的存在化學形態 --- p.52 / Chapter C. --- 討論 --- p.54 / Chapter D. --- 從個案研究看全港重金屬污染（沉降）特性 --- p.55 / Chapter V. --- 模擬實驗 / Chapter A. --- 引言 --- p.57 / Chapter B. --- 沉降反應模擬實驗的設計及目的 --- p.57 / Chapter 1. --- 形態轉化模擬 --- p.57 / Chapter 2. --- 沉降模擬 --- p.56 / Chapter 3. --- 渠口反應模擬 --- p.58 / Chapter C. --- 釋放模擬實驗的設計及目的 --- p.59 / Chapter 1. --- 疏浚模擬 --- p.59 / Chapter 2. --- 棄置模擬 --- p.60 / Chapter 3. --- 氧化模擬 --- p.60 / Chapter 4. --- 降雨模擬 --- p.60 / Chapter D. --- 實驗條件 --- p.61 / Chapter E. --- 沉降模擬實驗结果 --- p.66 / Chapter 1. --- 形態轉化模擬實驗结果 --- p.66 / Chapter 2. --- 沉降實驗结果 --- p.68 / Chapter 3. --- 渠口反應模擬實驗结果 --- p.70 / Chapter 4. --- 沉降模擬實驗结論 --- p.79 / Chapter F. --- 釋放模擬實驗结果 --- p.80 / Chapter 1. --- 疏浚模擬實驗结果 --- p.81 / Chapter 2. --- 棄置模擬實驗結果 --- p.82 / Chapter 3. --- 氧化模擬實驗结果 --- p.88 / Chapter 4. --- 降雨模擬實驗结果 --- p.90 / Chapter 5. --- 釋放模擬實驗结論 --- p.91 / Chapter VI. --- 討論 / Chapter A. --- 本港海域的重金屬存在形態與其活動性及毒性的關係 --- p.93 / Chapter B. --- 現存於本港海泥中重金屬形態分佈的形成機制和遷移條件 --- p.95 / Chapter 1. --- 形態分佈的形成機制 --- p.95 / Chapter 2. --- 遷移條件 --- p.96 / Chapter C. --- "環境管理-水質管制,疏浚和填海等工程對底泥中重金屬的影響" --- p.97 / Chapter D. --- 海泥中重金屬污染的空間分佈特性（擴散模型） --- p.98 / Chapter E. --- 總结 --- p.99 / Chapter VII. --- 结論 / Chapter A. --- 總结研究结果 --- p.101 / Chapter B. --- 研究中某些較特別的發現 --- p.104 / Chapter C. --- 研究的局限與展望 --- p.105

by Siu, Wai Lok. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 213-218). / ABSTRACT --- p.i -ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv -vi / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi -viii / LIST OF PLATES --- p.ix / LIST OF TABLES --- p.x -xii / Chapter CHAPTER I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Problem Statement --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Study Area --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Objectives --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Rationale --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.10 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Optical Properties of Sea Water --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- Water Quality Modeling Algorithms --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Suspended Sediment Models --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Chlorophyll Models --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Sea Surface Temperature Models --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Salinity Models --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Total Phosphorus Models --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4 --- Use of Chromaticity Technique --- p.35 / Chapter 2.5 --- Principal Component Transformation --- p.37 / Chapter 2.6 --- Remote Sensing Water Quality in Hong Kong --- p.37 / Chapter 2.7 --- Summary --- p.38 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- METHODOLOGY --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1 --- Data Set --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Water Sampling and Water Quality Parameters --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Satellite Data --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.2.1 --- Image Preprocessing --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.2.1.1 --- Radiometric Correction --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.2.1.2 --- Atmospheric Correction --- p.49 / Chapter 3.1.2.1.3 --- Geometirc Correction --- p.53 / Chapter 3.1.2.2 --- Data Extraction --- p.55 / Chapter 3.1.2.3 --- Spectral Data Transformation --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2 --- Statistical Water Quality Models --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3 --- Water Quality Mapping --- p.61 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP --- p.63 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2 --- Water Quality Samples --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Sample Data for TM Experiment --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Sample Data for SPOT Experiment --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Correlations Among Parameters --- p.76 / Chapter 4.3 --- Image Preprocessing --- p.81 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Image Destriping --- p.83 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Atmospheric Correction --- p.85 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Geometric Correction --- p.88 / Chapter 4.4 --- Data Extraction --- p.89 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Descriptive Statistics of the Spectral Data Samples --- p.89 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Data Transformation --- p.100 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Correlations Among Spectral Variables --- p.103 / Chapter 4.5 --- Summary --- p.107 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY MODELS …… --- p.113 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.113 / Chapter 5.2 --- Criteria for Assessing Water Quality Models --- p.113 / Chapter 5.3 --- Models Derived from TM Data --- p.116 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Models of Various Water Quality Paramters --- p.116 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Summary --- p.142 / Chapter 5.4 --- Models Derived from SPOT Data --- p.145 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Models of Various Water Quality Parameters --- p.145 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Summary --- p.169 / Chapter 5.5 --- Comparisons Among Models --- p.171 / Chapter 5.5.1 --- Comparisons Among Models Derived from TM and SPOT Data --- p.171 / Chapter 5.5.2 --- Comparisons with Past Models --- p.172 / Chapter 5.6 --- Conclusion --- p.173 / Chapter CHAPTER VI --- WATER QUALITY MAPPING --- p.175 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.175 / Chapter 6.2 --- Classification Schemes for Various Water Quality Paramters --- p.175 / Chapter 6.3 --- Water Quality Maps --- p.180 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Water Quality Mapping Using TM Data --- p.180 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Water Quality Mapping Using SPOT Data --- p.190 / Chapter 6.4 --- Difficulties Encountered in Water Quality Mapping --- p.202 / Chapter 6.5 --- Summary --- p.204 / Chapter CHAPTER VII --- CONCLUSION --- p.206 / Chapter 7.1 --- Summary of Findings --- p.206 / Chapter 7.1.1 --- Summary on Water Quality Modeling --- p.206 / Chapter 7.1.2 --- Summary on Water Quality Mapping --- p.208 / Chapter 7.2 --- Limitations of the Study --- p.209 / Chapter 7.3 --- Recommendations for Further Studies --- p.210 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.213

published_or_final_version / Civil Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Chan Kwan-ling. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-105). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.v / Contents --- p.vi / List of figures and tables --- p.ix / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Literature review --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- The effect of pollutants on the genetic materials of aquatic organisms --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1.1 --- Response of individual to genotoxicants --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1.2 --- Effects of genotoxicants on population structure --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Application of genetic markers in monitoring water pollution --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2.1 --- DNA adduct --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.2.2 --- Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.2.3 --- Micronucleus --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.2.4 --- DNA strand breaks --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Test organisms for comet assay --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2 --- Objective of the present study --- p.13 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Genotoxicity of pollutants on Hyale crassicornis / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Sampling of amphipods --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Acclimation --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Acute toxicity test --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- The effect of test duration on DNA damage --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Effect of toxicants on DNA damage --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Comet assay --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Chemicals --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.8 --- Data analysis --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3 --- Results --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4 --- Discussion --- p.47 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Genotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide on different tissue types of Metapenaeus ensis / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Collection and acclimation of shrimps --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Incubation --- p.59 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Comet Assay --- p.60 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Chemicals --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Data analysis --- p.61 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.61 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.67 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Genotoxicity of wastewater on Hyale crassicornis / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.71 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Collection of wastewater samples --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Metal content analysis --- p.73 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Genotoxic effect of wastewater samples on Hyale crassicornis --- p.74 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Chemicals --- p.76 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Metals content in water samples --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- DNA damage --- p.79 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.79 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusions --- p.89 / References --- p.91

Tang Wai Lun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 199-220). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.ii / 摘要 --- p.iv / Acknowledgements --- p.vi / Table of contents --- p.vii / List of Abbreviations --- p.xi / List of Tables --- p.xii / List of Figures --- p.xv / Chapter Chapter One --- Literature Review --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Marine pollution in Hong Kong --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Contamination of sediments --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Metals contamination in coastal sediments in Hong Kong --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Other contaminants in sediments --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Sediment toxicity assessment --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- Fish as examples for the measurement of biological responses to contaminants --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5 --- Biomarkers for toxicity assessment --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Metallothionein (MT) --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Vitellogenin (Vtg) --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Enzyme biomarkers: Alanine transaminase (ALT); aspartate transaminase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) --- p.14 / Chapter 1.5.5 --- DNA damage detected by the comet assay --- p.16 / Chapter 1.6 --- Multi biomarkers for sediment toxicity assessments --- p.16 / Chapter 1.7 --- Objectives --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter Two --- "Concentrations of Heavy Metals and Trace Organics in Coastal Sediments Collected from Victoria Harbour, Deep Bay, Tolo Harbour and Lai Chi Wo" --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.18 / Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Sediment collection --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Treatment of sediment samples --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Acid wash of apparatus --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Acid digestion of sediment sample --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Sequential extraction of heavy metals in sediment samples --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Heavy metals measurement --- p.23 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Trace organic measurement in sediments --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.8 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.24 / Chapter 2.3 --- Results --- p.25 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Concentrations of total Metals in sediments --- p.25 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Speciation of metals in sediments --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Metal abundance in different fractions of sediment --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Concentrations of trace organic in sediments --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Results summary --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4 --- Discussion --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Comparison with international standards --- p.38 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Comparison with international studies of coastal sediments --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Comparison of the present study with other studies concerning Hong Kong coastal sediments --- p.45 / Chapter Chapter Three --- "Heavy Metals Accumulation in Tissues of Tilapia Exposed to Coastal Sediments Collected from Victoria Harbour, Deep Bay, Tolo Harbour, and Lai Chi Wo" --- p.51 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Collection and treatment of coastal sediments --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Sediment exposure tests with Tilapia --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Dissection of fish samples --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Acid digestion of fish samples --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.55 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.55 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Metal accumulation --- p.55 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- "Dose, duration and source of sediments affecting metals uptake" --- p.95 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Results summary --- p.99 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.99 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Site comparison --- p.99 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Comparison with other studies --- p.100 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Safety limits --- p.112 / Chapter Chapter Four --- "Expression of Biomarker Genes (MT, CYP1 A, Vtg) in Tissues of Male Tilapia After Eexposure to Coastal Sediments Collected from Victoria Harbour, Deep Bay, Tolo Harbour and Lai Chi Wo" --- p.115 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.115 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.116 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Sample collection --- p.116 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Preparation of apparatus --- p.117 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- mRNA expression analysis --- p.117 / Chapter 4.2.3.1 --- Isolation of RNA --- p.117 / Chapter 4.2.3.2 --- Reverse transcription --- p.118 / Chapter 4.2.3.3 --- Real time PCR --- p.118 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Vitellogenin (Vtg) --- p.120 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Statistics analysis --- p.121 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.121 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- MT mRNA expression in tissues of male Tilapia exposed to sediments --- p.121 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- CYP1A mRNA expression in tissues of male Tilapia exposed to sediments --- p.129 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Vtg expression in tissues of male Tilapia exposed to sediments --- p.137 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Dose and time dependent relationships --- p.137 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Results summary --- p.137 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.142 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Correlation of MT and CYP1A expression with metals uptake in gills and liver --- p.142 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- MT as a biomarker of metals exposure --- p.144 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- CYP1A as a biomarker of trace organics exposure --- p.145 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Real-time PCR --- p.147 / Chapter 4.4.5 --- Vtg as a biomarker of xenoestrogen exposure --- p.147 / Chapter Chapter Five --- "Expression of Enzyme Biomarkers (ALT, AST and CK) in Tissues of Male Tilapia After Exposure to Coastal Sediments Collected From Victoria Harbour, Deep Bay, Tolo Harbour and Lai Chi Wo" --- p.149 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.149 / Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.150 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Samples collection --- p.150 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminase (AST) --- p.151 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Creatine kinase (CK) --- p.152 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.153 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results --- p.153 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- ALT --- p.153 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- AST --- p.157 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- CK in gills --- p.157 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- CK in muscle --- p.164 / Chapter 5.3.5 --- "Dose, duration and source of sediments affecting metals uptake" --- p.164 / Chapter 5.3.6 --- Results summary --- p.169 / Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion --- p.169 / Chapter Chapter Six --- "DNA Damage in Liver of Male Tilapia After Exposure to Coastal Sediments Collected from Victoria Harbour, Deep Bay, Tolo Harbour and Lai Chi Wo" --- p.174 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.174 / Chapter 6.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.176 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Samples collection --- p.176 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Tissue Preparation --- p.176 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) Assay --- p.176 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Image analysis --- p.177 / Chapter 6.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.178 / Chapter 6.3 --- Results --- p.180 / Chapter 6.4 --- Discussion --- p.187 / Chapter Chapter Seven --- General Discussion and Conclusion --- p.190 / Chapter 7.1 --- General discussion --- p.190 / Chapter 7.2 --- Conclusion --- p.198 / References --- p.199 / Appendix --- p.221