據稿本影印 / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院地理學部,1993. / 參考文獻: leaves 212-219 / 郭錦添. / Chapter I. --- 導論 / Chapter A. --- 引言 --- p.1 / Chapter B. --- 研究目的 --- p.1 / Chapter C. --- 研究意義 --- p.3 / Chapter D. --- 理論架構 --- p.4 / Chapter 1. --- 化學形態 --- p.4 / Chapter a. --- 水體中重金屬化學形態分類 --- p.6 / Chapter b. --- 顆粒態重金屬化學形態分類 --- p.7 / Chapter 2. --- 重金屬化學形態與其毒性的關係 --- p.10 / Chapter 3. --- 化學形態分析方法及其困難 --- p.13 / Chapter 4. --- 重金屬在水體與沉積物交接面間的活動 --- p.15 / Chapter 5. --- 重金屬遷移與形態間轉化機制 --- p.17 / Chapter E. --- 香港過往對海港中重金屬的研究 --- p.19 / Chapter II. --- 研究方法 / Chapter A. --- 研究策略 --- p.22 / Chapter B. --- 採樣點分佈 --- p.23 / Chapter C. --- 野外採樣方法 --- p.25 / Chapter D. --- 分析項目及方法 --- p.26 / Chapter 1. --- 重金屬的選擇 --- p.26 / Chapter a. --- 毒性 --- p.26 / Chapter b. --- 濃度 --- p.27 / Chapter c. --- 參考數據 --- p.27 / Chapter 2. --- 分離技術和分析方法 --- p.28 / Chapter a. --- 重金屬分祈法 --- p.28 / Chapter b. --- 水樣分析法 --- p.30 / Chapter c. --- 沉積物樣本分析法 --- p.31 / Chapter d. --- 試劑配備 --- p.32 / Chapter e. --- 選擇以上分析項目的原因 --- p.33 / Chapter f. --- 模擬實驗的設計 --- p.34 / Chapter III. --- 香港近岸沉積物中重金屬含量及其化學形態分佈 / Chapter A. --- 引言 --- p.39 / Chapter B. --- 總濃度分析 --- p.39 / Chapter C. --- 化學形態分析 --- p.40 / Chapter D. --- 總結 --- p.44 / Chapter IV. --- 荃灣個案研究 / Chapter A. --- 研究目的及其重要性 --- p.45 / Chapter B. --- 研究结果 --- p.46 / Chapter 1. --- 水質 --- p.46 / Chapter a. --- 荃灣海域的水文情況 --- p.46 / Chapter b. --- 水污染的空間與時間分佈規律 --- p.48 / Chapter c. --- 水體中重金屬污染物的濃度與存在形態 --- p.49 / Chapter d. --- 小结 --- p.50 / Chapter 2. --- 海底沉積物 --- p.51 / Chapter a. --- 荃灣海域底泥的化學特性 --- p.51 / Chapter b. --- 荃灣海泥中重金屬的存在化學形態 --- p.52 / Chapter C. --- 討論 --- p.54 / Chapter D. --- 從個案研究看全港重金屬污染（沉降）特性 --- p.55 / Chapter V. --- 模擬實驗 / Chapter A. --- 引言 --- p.57 / Chapter B. --- 沉降反應模擬實驗的設計及目的 --- p.57 / Chapter 1. --- 形態轉化模擬 --- p.57 / Chapter 2. --- 沉降模擬 --- p.56 / Chapter 3. --- 渠口反應模擬 --- p.58 / Chapter C. --- 釋放模擬實驗的設計及目的 --- p.59 / Chapter 1. --- 疏浚模擬 --- p.59 / Chapter 2. --- 棄置模擬 --- p.60 / Chapter 3. --- 氧化模擬 --- p.60 / Chapter 4. --- 降雨模擬 --- p.60 / Chapter D. --- 實驗條件 --- p.61 / Chapter E. --- 沉降模擬實驗结果 --- p.66 / Chapter 1. --- 形態轉化模擬實驗结果 --- p.66 / Chapter 2. --- 沉降實驗结果 --- p.68 / Chapter 3. --- 渠口反應模擬實驗结果 --- p.70 / Chapter 4. --- 沉降模擬實驗结論 --- p.79 / Chapter F. --- 釋放模擬實驗结果 --- p.80 / Chapter 1. --- 疏浚模擬實驗结果 --- p.81 / Chapter 2. --- 棄置模擬實驗結果 --- p.82 / Chapter 3. --- 氧化模擬實驗结果 --- p.88 / Chapter 4. --- 降雨模擬實驗结果 --- p.90 / Chapter 5. --- 釋放模擬實驗结論 --- p.91 / Chapter VI. --- 討論 / Chapter A. --- 本港海域的重金屬存在形態與其活動性及毒性的關係 --- p.93 / Chapter B. --- 現存於本港海泥中重金屬形態分佈的形成機制和遷移條件 --- p.95 / Chapter 1. --- 形態分佈的形成機制 --- p.95 / Chapter 2. --- 遷移條件 --- p.96 / Chapter C. --- "環境管理-水質管制,疏浚和填海等工程對底泥中重金屬的影響" --- p.97 / Chapter D. --- 海泥中重金屬污染的空間分佈特性（擴散模型） --- p.98 / Chapter E. --- 總结 --- p.99 / Chapter VII. --- 结論 / Chapter A. --- 總结研究结果 --- p.101 / Chapter B. --- 研究中某些較特別的發現 --- p.104 / Chapter C. --- 研究的局限與展望 --- p.105

by Cheung May Shuen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-165). / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi-ix / LIST OF PLATES --- p.x / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xi / Chapter CHAPTER I - --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Background of Quaternary Studies in Hong Kong --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The Necessity of Regional and Local Practice --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- The Need for Regional Synthesis --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Linking Onshore Studies with Offshore Ones --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5 --- The Yuen Long Floodplain --- p.10 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Previous Work --- p.10 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- The Need for Detailed Study --- p.12 / Chapter 1.6 --- Objectives of the Study --- p.13 / Chapter 1.7 --- Significance of the Study --- p.14 / Chapter CHAPTER II - --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2 --- The Quaternary Period --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3 --- Global Pleistocene Sea-level Reduction --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4 --- Evidence of Pleistocene Sea-level Reduction in South China and Hong Kong --- p.20 / Chapter 2.5 --- The Postglacial Rise in Sea-level --- p.22 / Chapter 2.6 --- Holocene Sea-level Movements in Zhujiang Delta and Hong Kong --- p.23 / Chapter 2.7 --- Hong Kong Quaternary Studies --- p.26 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- A Wealth of Offshore Studies --- p.26 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- A Lack of Onshore Studies --- p.27 / Chapter 2.8 --- Methods of Investigation --- p.28 / Chapter 2.9 --- Offshore Quaternary Sediments in Hong Kong --- p.30 / Chapter 2.9.1 --- The Chek Lap Kok Formation --- p.31 / Age of Formation --- p.32 / Seismic Characteristics --- p.33 / Lithology --- p.33 / Sedimentary Environment --- p.34 / Chapter 2.9.2 --- The Sham Wat Formation --- p.36 / Age of Formation --- p.36 / Seismic Characteristics --- p.37 / Lithology --- p.37 / Sedimentary Environment --- p.38 / Chapter 2.9.3 --- The Hang Hau Formation --- p.39 / Age of Formation --- p.39 / Seismic Characteristics --- p.40 / Lithology --- p.40 / Sedimentary Environment --- p.41 / Chapter 2.10 --- Summary of Hong Kong Quaternary Superficial Geology --- p.42 / Chapter CHAPTER III - --- STUDY AREA / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2 --- Geographical Setting and Existing Development --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3 --- Relief --- p.47 / Chapter 3.4 --- Climate --- p.47 / Chapter 3.5 --- Surface Hydrology --- p.51 / Chapter 3.6 --- Geology --- p.51 / Chapter 3.7 --- Geomorphology --- p.53 / Chapter 3.8 --- Superficial Deposits --- p.55 / Chapter 3.9 --- The Hong Kong Geological Survey --- p.58 / Chapter 3.10 --- Location of Boreholes BGS 11 and 23 --- p.58 / Chapter CHAPTER IV - --- METHODOLOGY / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.61 / Chapter 4.2 --- Borehole Collection --- p.61 / Chapter 4.3 --- Analytical Approach --- p.62 / Chapter 4.4 --- Laboratory Logging and Description --- p.64 / Chapter 4.5 --- Sedimentological Analysis --- p.65 / Chapter 4.6 --- Geochemical Analysis --- p.66 / Chapter 4.7 --- Micropalaeontological Analysis --- p.71 / Chapter 4.8 --- Chronological Analysis --- p.73 / Chapter 4.9 --- Stratigraphy and Borehole Comparison --- p.74 / Chapter CHAPTER V - --- BGS 11 - DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.75 / Chapter 5.2 --- Geological Description of Borehole BGS 11 --- p.76 / Chapter 5.3 --- Geochemical Results --- p.90 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Soil Reaction pH --- p.91 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Electrical Conductivity --- p.91 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Organic Carbon --- p.93 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Calcium Carbonates --- p.93 / Chapter 5.4 --- Micropalaeontological Results --- p.94 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Diatom Results --- p.94 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Sponge Spicules Results --- p.98 / Chapter 5.5 --- Radiocarbon Dating Results --- p.100 / Chapter 5.6 --- Environmental Interpretations --- p.101 / Chapter 5.6.1 --- The Terrestrial Sequence (20.70 to 8.10m) --- p.101 / The Colluvial Unit (20.70 to 16.50m) --- p.102 / The Floodplain Unit (16.50 to 8.10m) --- p.103 / The Palaeosol Unit (8.10 to 7.26m) --- p.107 / Chapter 5.6.2 --- The Shallow Marine Sequence (7.26 to 4.05m) --- p.108 / Chapter 5.6.3 --- The Coastal Swamp Sequence (4.05 to 2.35m) --- p.111 / Chapter 5.7 --- Conclusion --- p.113 / Chapter CHAPTER VI - --- BGS 23 - DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.114 / Chapter 6.2 --- Geological Description of Borehole BGS 23 --- p.114 / Chapter 6.3 --- Geochemical Results --- p.126 / Chapter 6.4 --- Micropalaeontological Results --- p.129 / Chapter 6.5 --- Environmental Interpretation --- p.129 / Chapter 6.5.1 --- The Weathered Shale Sequence (15.90 to 15.00m) --- p.130 / Chapter 6.5.2 --- The Fluvial Sequence (13.65 to 2.85m) --- p.131 / Chapter 6.5.3 --- The Backswamp Sequence (2.85 to 1.73m) --- p.135 / Chapter 6.6 --- Conclusion --- p.137 / Chapter CHAPTER VII - --- STRATIGRAPHICAL INTERPRETATION AND COMPARISON / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.138 / Chapter 7.2 --- Stratigraphical Division in Hong Kong and the Zhujiang Delta --- p.138 / Chapter 7.3 --- Stratigraphical Interpretation of BGS 11 --- p.140 / Chapter 7.4 --- Stratigraphical Interpretation of BGS 23 --- p.142 / Chapter 7.5 --- Stratigraphic Comparison --- p.143 / Chapter 7.5.1 --- Comparison with Onshore Boreholes --- p.143 / Chapter 7.5.2 --- Comparison with Offshore Boreholes in Hong Kong and Zhujiang Delta --- p.147 / Chapter 7.6 --- Conclusion --- p.150 / Chapter CHAPTER VIII - --- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION / Chapter 8.1 --- Summary of Findings --- p.151 / Chapter 8.2 --- Limitations --- p.153 / Chapter 8.3 --- Future Work --- p.155 / REFERENCES --- p.157 / APPENDICES / APPENDIX A The complete logging sheets for BGS11 / APPENDIX B The complete logging sheets for BGS23

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-120). / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / List of Tables --- p.viii / List of Figures --- p.xii / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Previous Heavy Metal Studies of Hong Kong Marine Waters and Sediments --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Speciation of Metals in Aquatic Environment --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Speciation of Metals in Water --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Speciation of Metals in Bottom Sediments --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- AVS in Marine Sediments --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Formation of AVS --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Seasonal and Spatial Variation of AVS --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- AVS as Mediator of Metal Toxicity --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Chemical Basis for AVS Sediment Normalization --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.5 --- Analysis of Pore Water Metals --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4 --- Significance of the Research --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Importance of Metal Bioavailability Study in Hong Kong --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Importance of AVS Study in Hong Kong --- p.19 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Approach of the Present Study --- p.21 / Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1 --- Study Area --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2 --- Sampling Strategy --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Sampling Locations --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Sampling Dates --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Sample Collection and Handling --- p.28 / Chapter 2.3 --- Sample Analysis --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Sediment Analysis --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Pore Water and Overlying Water Analysis --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Limitations --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.39 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- METALS IN WATER AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1 --- Metals in the Water --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Variation of Metal Concentrations --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Metal Pollution Level of the Overlying Water --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2 --- Metals in Bottom Sediments --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Spatial Distribution Pattern of Heavy Metals --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Temporal Variation of Metal Content in the Bottom Sediments --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Metal Pollution Level of the Bottom Sediments --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3 --- Conclusion --- p.50 / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- SPECIATION OF METALS IN THE OVERLYING WATER AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS --- p.51 / Chapter 4.1 --- Speciation of Metals in the Overlying Water --- p.51 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Concentration of Labile Metals in the Overlying Water --- p.52 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Seasonal and Spatial Variation in the Concentration of Labile Metals in the Overlying Water --- p.54 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Percentage of Labile Fraction in Total Metals --- p.55 / Chapter 4.2 --- Speciation of Metals in the Bottom Sediments --- p.59 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Proportion of Various Metal Species in the Sediments --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Variation of the Overlying Water Properties --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Chemical Properties of the Water in the Study Area --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Seasonal Variation of Water Properties --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2.2.3 --- Stratification of the Water Column --- p.69 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Implication of the Changes of Water Quality on Metal Remobilization --- p.73 / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- VARIATION OF AVS AND ITS ROLE IN METAL TOXICITY MEDIATION --- p.77 / Chapter 5.1 --- Variation of AVS in the Study Area --- p.78 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Spatial Variation of AVS --- p.78 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Seasonal Variation of AVS --- p.81 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Vertical Variation of AVS --- p.85 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Effects of AVS Variation on Metal Bioavailability --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2 --- Role of AVS in Metal Toxicity Mediation --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- SEM/AVS Molar Ratio --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Fraction of SEM in Total Metals of the Sediments --- p.94 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Labile Metals in Pore Water --- p.96 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Dissolved Sulfides in the Pore Water and Overlying Water --- p.99 / Chapter 5.3 --- Conclusion --- p.100 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- CONCLUSION --- p.102 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.102 / Chapter 6.2 --- Major Findings --- p.103 / Chapter 6.3 --- Practical Implication of the Findings --- p.108 / Chapter 6.4 --- Suggestion for Further Studies --- p.110 / Bibliography --- p.113 / Appendix A. AVS Extraction and Detection Method --- p.121 / Appendix B. Sequential Extraction Method for Metals Speciation Analysis --- p.123 / Appendix C. Instrument List for the Experiments --- p.125 / Appendix D. Monthly Total Rainfall and Mean Temperature of1995 --- p.127 / Appendix E. Analytical Results of the Overlying Water --- p.128 / Appendix F. Analytical Results of the Bottom Sediments --- p.132 / Appendix G. Analytical Results of the Pore Water --- p.136 / Appendix H. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Pbin Sediments --- p.140 / Appendix I. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Cuin Sediments --- p.142 / Appendix J. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Cdin Sediments --- p.144 / Appendix K. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Znin Sediments --- p.146 / Appendix L. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Niin Sediments --- p.148 / Appendix M. Fraction of Different Speciations of Metals in the Sediments --- p.150 / Appendix N. Vertical Profile of Dissolved Oxygen in the Overlying Water --- p.155 / Appendix O. Vertical Profile of Salinity in the Overlying Water --- p.159 / Appendix P. Vertical Profile of Temperature in the Overlying Water --- p.163 / Appendix Q. Vertical Profile of pH in the Overlying Water --- p.167