Cette recherche traite de l'importance du management pour les entreprises commerciales mais aussi pour toute organisation et toute institution de la société moderne. Elle vise à mettre en relief la relation entre le management et le leadership. Elle étudie l'impact du leadership sur le fonctionnement d'une institution confessionnelle, en l'occurrence l'Église maronite. L'objectif consiste à proposer à cette organisation confessionnelle des moyens lui permettant d'améliorer sa performance et ses résultats dans un environnement en pleine mutation qui lui impose beaucoup de défis. Le but fondamental de l'Église maronite est spirituel et religieux. Les multiples objectifs que l'Église maronite s'efforce de réaliser sont constamment placés sous le signe de cette spiritualité religieuse. Dans un monde en proie à des crises d'ordre politique, social, économique et à des questionnements d'ordre éthique, les hommes ont un besoin immense de ces valeurs abstraites mais ils exigent aussi des réalisations et un travail concret de la part de l'Église. Cette combinaison de valeurs offertes pourrait prendre corps dans l'Église maronite grâce à un leadership proactif qui initierait une révolution innovante dans un processus stratégique capable d'adapter les mentalités dans l'Église. La vue systémique du management de Peter DRUCKER est la pierre angulaire de cette étude. L'approche du leadership que nous avons développée vise à montrer que le phénomène managérial trouve son identité dans un contexte organisationnel et peut aussi se développer dans le cadre d'une communauté confessionnelle et organisationnelle. / This research discusses the importance of management for commercial enterprises but also for any organization and every institution of modern society. It aims to highlight the relationship between management and leadership. It examines the impact of leadership on the operation of a religious institution, namely the maronite Church. The goal is to offer this organization with the means to improve its performance and results in an ever changing environment that offers many challenges. The fundamental purpose of the maronite Church is spiritual and religious. Multiple objectives that the maronite Church is trying to achieve are constantly under the sign of this religious spirituality. In a world beset by political, social and economic crises as well as ethical questions, people are in desperate need of these abstract values, but they also require concrete achievements, work and efforts from the Church. This combination of values would exist in the maronite Church body through a proactive leadership that would initiate an innovative revolution in a strategic process able to adapt the mentality in the church. The systemic view of management of Peter DRUCKER is the cornerstone of this study. The leadership approach that we have developed aims to show that the managerial phenomenon finds its identity in an organizational context and can also develop in the context of a religious and organizational community.

L’immigration maronite à Montréal date de la fin du XIXe siècle, mais c’est dans les années 1970 et 1990, à la suite des guerres au Liban, qu’il y a eu les plus grandes vagues. De rite syriaque antiochien, mais d’obédience catholique romaine, les immigrants maronites n’avaient pas d’église paroissiale propre. Les autorités diocésaines montréalaises avaient rassemblé les catholiques orientaux dans une même église dont le service était assuré par l’ordre melkite du Saint-Sauveur. En 1969, le père de l’ordre maronite mariamite Élias Najjar fonde avec des Égyptiens maronites la première paroisse. Cette étude se penche sur le processus qui a mené à la naissance de cette paroisse, son évolution à travers le temps et la vie de ses paroissiens. L’approche est narrative et descriptive, elle s’inscrit dans le cadre de l’histoire sociale et religieuse. Les résultats de l’analyse mettent en lumière une église nationale et un nouveau modèle de paroisse diasporique, différent du modèle classique, recelant des diversités infranationale, internationale et interconfessionnelle. / Maronite immigration to Montreal started at the end of the 19th century. During the 1970s and 1990s, massive waves of Lebanese immigrants arrived to Montreal due to the wars in Lebanon. The Maronite Church is fully Roman Catholic but has a syriac-antiochean rite. Maronite immigrants did not have their own parish in Montreal and had to go for célébrations in the Oriental Catholic Church which was created by Montreal clerical authorities and served by Greek-Catholics (Melkites) of the Saint-Sauveur order. In 1969, Father Élias Najjar from the Maronite mariamite order, together with Maronites from Egypt, founded the first Maronite parish in Montreal. This thesis aims to study the process behind the constitution of the first parish, its evolution and the life of its parishioners by using a narrative and descriptive approach in the frame of the social and religious history. Results show a national Church and a new model of Maronite diasporic parish, different from the classical one, having subnational, international and inter-confessional diversities.

This study reflects the belief systems of a nation living their lives as though in exile. It is also an 'echo' of their spiritual journey, stretching from the dawn of humanity until the time of Jesus Christ. It is the testimony of the people who lived in Phoenicia, Antioch, and the holy mountains and valleys of Lebanon. From the time of early Christianity they structured their beliefs according to the general admonition and teaching of the Scripture, and looked forward to the imminent 'return' of Christ. They lived in an atmosphere of preparation for the ready welcome of the 'heavenly Bridegroom'. The background to and the reasoning supporting this study and exposition, is that of understanding the history, spirituality, and the ritual deriving from the beliefs and thought systems of the Christians of the Maronite Catholic Church, and their understanding of the hereafter. It is an attempt to relate the many factors which comprise the 'life' and ritual, the biblical foundation, and the theological and eschatological views of the Maronite Church and its members. / Christin Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (with specialisation in Christian Spirituality)

This study reflects the belief systems of a nation living their lives as though in exile. It is also an 'echo' of their spiritual journey, stretching from the dawn of humanity until the time of Jesus Christ. It is the testimony of the people who lived in Phoenicia, Antioch, and the holy mountains and valleys of Lebanon. From the time of early Christianity they structured their beliefs according to the general admonition and teaching of the Scripture, and looked forward to the imminent 'return' of Christ. They lived in an atmosphere of preparation for the ready welcome of the 'heavenly Bridegroom'. The background to and the reasoning supporting this study and exposition, is that of understanding the history, spirituality, and the ritual deriving from the beliefs and thought systems of the Christians of the Maronite Catholic Church, and their understanding of the hereafter. It is an attempt to relate the many factors which comprise the 'life' and ritual, the biblical foundation, and the theological and eschatological views of the Maronite Church and its members. / Christin Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (with specialisation in Christian Spirituality)

Cette thèse se situe entre l ’ histoire, la politique et les mouvements de population et se place ainsi dans le champ général de la géopolitique. Elle s ’ efforce de proposer une solution au problème de la disparition d ’ une très grande partie des Chrétiens du Liban, notamment les Maronites suite au massacre des Chrétiens du Liban et de Syrie en 1860 et à la guerre civile Libanaise [1975-1990]. La recherche d’ une solution est cruciale pour la survie des Chrétiens et de la Chrétienté au Liban ainsi que pour la survie du système consensuel Libanais basé sur l’ équilibre entre les Chrétiens et les Musulmans, un objectif central dans la Constitution Libanaise de 1926 et dans l’ accord de Taëf en 1989. Il faudrait donc consolider les efforts des Maronites au Liban et dans le monde, notamment au Brésil, et unifier leur message pour diffuser la richesse du patrimoine libanais à travers toutes les Églises, l ’ Ambassade et les Consulats ; renforcer les fondements de l’appartenance au Liban ; préserver et défendre les droits et les intérêts de la communauté Maronite, et la place sociale, culturelle et politique dont elle jouit au Liban et dans le monde ; naturaliser tous les descendants des émigrés Libanais dans le monde, notamment au Brésil, ou se trouve la majorité des descendants des Libanais n’ ayant pas la nationalité libanaise, dont la plupart sont Maronites; œuvrer pour que les Maronites puissent jouir de leur vitalité et occuper la place qui leur revient dans tous les domaines, et ce au sein d’un État de droit qui œuvre pour la sauvegarde de la coexistence, défend l’entente nationale et consacre la justice, la démocratie consensuelle, la liberté et l’égalité devant la loi de tous les citoyens libanais; promouvoir le dialogue Chrétien-Musulman dans le cadre de la communication constructive établie entre les religions, les civilisations et les peuples du monde ; et poursuivre la promotion de la culture arabe dont la renaissance et les exploits ont été possibles grâce au rôle pionnier joué par les Maronites. / This thesis is situated between the fields of history, politics and the shifts of population and is thus placed in the general field of geopolitics. It endeavours to propose a solution to the problem of disappearance of a great part of the Christians of Lebanon, notably the Maronites, further to the massacre of the Christians of Lebanon and Syria in 1860 and the Lebanese civil war [1975-1990]. The search for a solution is crucial for the survival of Christians and Christianity in Lebanon as well as the survival of the Lebanese consensual system based on the balance between Muslims and Christians, a central objective in the Lebanese Constitution of 1926 and in the Taef agreement of 1989. Efforts of the Maronites in Lebanon and the world, particularly in Brazil, must therefore be consolidated and their message unified in order to spread the wealth of the Lebanese heritage throughout all Churches, the Embassy and Consulates, reinforce the foundations of belonging to Lebanon; preserve and defend the rights and the interests of the Maronite community, and the social, cultural and political influence it enjoys in Lebanon and the world ; naturalise all descendants of Lebanese emigrants in the world, in particular in Brazil, where the majority of the descendants of Lebanese persons not having Lebanese nationality are to be found, most of whom are Maronites; work so that the Maronites enjoy their vitality and occupy the place that belongs to them in all fields, in a State of law that works for the safeguard of the coexistence, defend the national understanding and devote justice, consensual democracy, freedom and equality before the law of all Lebanese citizens; promote Christian-Muslim dialogue in the framework of constructive communication established between religions, civilizations, and peoples of the world; and pursue the promotion of the Arab culture whose renaissance and exploits have been made possible thanks to the pioneer role played by the Maronites.

In this dissertation, the affinities between the Prologue of the Fourth Gospel and the Maronite Prayer of the Faithful especially the use of light metaphor are examined and new hypothetic proposals are suggested: the former has influenced the latter; both of them might have shared the same milieu or have been influenced by an existent Antiochene liturgical hymn. These proposals are discussed according to reflections on the Fourth Gospel, the Antiochene Syriac Maronite Church, the light metaphor, the work done on the Prologue from a socio-rhetorical perspective and the study conducted on the first English edition of the Maronite Prayer of the Faithful. / New Testament / M.Th. (New Testament)

In this dissertation, the affinities between the Prologue of the Fourth Gospel and the Maronite Prayer of the Faithful especially the use of light metaphor are examined and new hypothetic proposals are suggested: the former has influenced the latter; both of them might have shared the same milieu or have been influenced by an existent Antiochene liturgical hymn. These proposals are discussed according to reflections on the Fourth Gospel, the Antiochene Syriac Maronite Church, the light metaphor, the work done on the Prologue from a socio-rhetorical perspective and the study conducted on the first English edition of the Maronite Prayer of the Faithful. / New Testament / M.Th. (New Testament)