Trade facilitating is a necessary trend for economic globalization. With the raising degree of global free trade, the needs for reducing and eliminating barriers of goods and factors, simplified trade procedure, and efficiency are becoming more notable. Establishing a high-performance trade system is the most important factor to the trade regime and the increase of international trade. Therefore, the studying of reinforcing trade facilitating is becoming increasingly important. This studying focusing on interests brought by trade facilitating to China and the Chinese custom`s policy and mechanism to improve it. Besides, this essay is trying to describe the situation from both theoretical and practical levels. The research finds out that trade facilitating is not only chances but also challenges to Mainland China. Chinese custom learns from developed countries and intensifies reform and abilities, to combine risk manage and custom clearance and to apply modern information technique for improving efficiency, so that Chinese custom can reach the requirements of trade facilitating. Out of reasons, like, small economic basis, relatively weak infrastructure, shortage of capital, and primitive, low manage thought and technique, China has its achievements only in the first stage. There is a gap between China and West countries. The reform and mechanism adopted by custom of People Republic of China is a kind of reference to custom of Republic of China. Further, this essay suggests that customs in cross-strait should set up a channel or reach a administrative arrangement to share custom information, to improve trade facilitating, and, in the end, to realize the goal of global free trade.

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Two surveys evaluated heifer management practices in dairy herds and custom grower operations. The NC-119 Heifer Management Survey conducted through the North Central Regional Research Project 119 included 226 Holstein and 67 Jersey herds from MN, MO, PA, VA, and WA. Mean rolling herd average for milk was 8,838 and 6,251 kg for Holstein and Jersey herds, respectively. Calf mortality rates from birth to first calving were 15.3 % for Holsteins and 15.8% for Jerseys. High producing herds had more aggressive, preventive health programs, hand-fed colostrum to newborn calves, and used prepartum groups and separate postpartum groups for first calf heifers. Practices associated with low calf mortality included using maternity pens in barns separate from the dairy herd as a calving facility and vaccination for brucellosis, an indicator of the level of overall management. Larger herds weaned calves earlier, placed more importance on heifer size as a criterion for first breeding, and used prepartum groups and separate postpartum groups for first calf heifers States differed in calving facility and calf housing choices. Calf mortality rates were similar among states. The Virginia Custom Dairy Heifer Rearing Survey included 24 growers. Average herd size was 194 head. Seven growers contracted with dairy producers, nine purchased, raised, and resold heifers, and eight did both. Survey results indicated a need for increased emphasis in several management areas. Only two contract growers had written contracts. Fifty-eight percent never monitored growth and 42% did not have forages tested or rations balanced. Fifty-seven percent used AI. / Master of Science

The Internet has changed the world. Its impact on the global society has been enormous, redefining almost every aspect of our life. It has also added a new quality to traditional commerce that in many instances has drastically transformed the way companies and individuals trade. However, electronic commerce is not a legally safe environment, as there exists a regulatory gap that introduces uncertainty surrounding rights and obligations in cyberspace. This may result in unexpected outcomes for e-commerce participants involved in litigation.

The Internet has changed the world. Its impact on the global society has been enormous, redefining almost every aspect of our life. It has also added a new quality to traditional commerce that in many instances has drastically transformed the way companies and individuals trade. However, electronic commerce is not a legally safe environment, as there exists a regulatory gap that introduces uncertainty surrounding rights and obligations in cyberspace. This may result in unexpected outcomes for e-commerce participants involved in litigation.

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We propose a synthesis methodology for Network-on-Chips (NoC) or NoC-based multiprocessor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs) for application-specific or irregular topology generation.We first propose simultaneously synthesize both for processor and communication architectures in order to estimate area and routing more accurately during floorplanning stage, which is different with traditional router and link insertion after floorplanning. Our NoC topology generation is simultaneously optimized for fast, low power and wirelength. Compared with the state of art, our results outperforms averagely 445.45 X in CPU time, 33.20 % in power consumption, and 96.86 % in wirelength at cost of NoC Size of more 2.26 % because our method considering router shape; the number of routers of more 20.63 % because our method only allows router port limit of 5; the number of links of more 3.93 % because our method allows different link lengths. Also our method is scalable and experiments of 2 X, 4 X, 8 X and 16 X outperform averagely 355,089.11 X in CPU time, 1.21 X in the number hops, 78.33 % in power consumption. Our experimental results show our synthesis method is effective, efficiently and scalable.

Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2008. / Title from file title page. Elisabeth O. Burgess, committee chair; Gabriel Kuperminc, Denise Donnelly, committee members. Electronic text (91 p. : col. ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Sept. 25, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-89).