Orientador: Lidia Almeida Barros / Resumo: Neste trabalho, realizamos um estudo comparado bilíngue português-francês sobre os aspectos socioculturais e históricos que subjazem aos termos recorrentes em certidões de casamento brasileiras e francesas. Propomos ainda um glossário bilíngue português-francês do domínio das certidões de casamento, que foi elaborado com o intuito de auxiliar interessados na área do Direito e, principalmente, tradutores públicos e intérpretes comerciais (TIPCs) em seu trabalho. Estudamos também a evolução semântico-conceitual e lexical dos termos casamento e mariage e do conjunto terminológico em português e em francês que denomina os agentes e os locais responsáveis pela celebração e pelo registro dos casamentos e pela expedição das certidões que os comprovam ao longo da história do Brasil e da França, bem como as particularidades culturais que marcam essa evolução de acordo com a realidade sociocultural e histórica desses países. Como metodologia de nossa investigação, criamos o CCBCorpus, composto por 333 certidões brasileiras expedidas entre os anos de 1890 e 2015, e o CCFCorpus, que contém 102 certidões francesas expedidas entre 1791 e 2015. Essas certidões foram adquiridas graças a colaboradores e à internet. Criamos também o LBCorpus e o LFCorpus, compostos por leis, decretos e emendas constitucionais respectivamente brasileiros e franceses promulgados no mesmo período das certidões do CCBCorpus e do CCFCorpus. Criamos ainda o Corpus de ApoioBR e o Corpus de ApoioFR, formados por dicio... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This PhD research presents a comparative study on the socio-cultural and historical aspects that underlie the terms occurring in Brazilian and French marriage certificates. It also proposes a bilingual Portuguese-French glossary in the field of marriage certificates, which was elaborated to assist professionals interested in the field of Law and mainly certified translators in their work. In addition, it was studied the semantic-conceptual and lexical evolution of the terms casamento and mariage, and the terminological set denominating the agents and places responsible for celebration and registration of civil marriages and issuance of certificates that proved these unions throughout the history of Brazil and France, as well as the cultural particularities that mark this evolution according to the sociocultural and historical reality of these countries. As a methodology for this investigation, the CCBCorpus, composed of 333 Brazilian certificates issued between 1890 and 2015, and the CCFCorpus, which contains 102 French certificates issued between 1791 and 2015, were created. These certificates were acquired thanks to collaborators and the internet. LBCorpus and LFCorpus were also created to bring, respectively, Brazilian and French constitutional laws, decrees and amendments promulgated in the same period as the certificates of CCBCorpus and CCFCorpus. In addition, the SupportCorpusBR and SupportCorpusFR were created, in which it is possible to find general and specialized d... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Eugenics movements developed early this century in more than 20 countries, including Australia. However, for many years the vast literature on eugenics focused almost exclusively on the history of eugenics in Britain and America. While some aspects of eugenics in Australia are now being documented, the history of this movement largely remained to be written. Australians experienced both fears and hopes at the time of Federation in 1901. Some feared that the white population was declining and degenerating but they also hoped to create a new utopian society which would outstrip the achievements, and avoid the poverty and industrial unrest, of Britain and America. Some responded to these mixed emotions by combining notions of efficiency and progress with eugenic ideas about maximising the growth of a white population and filling the "empty spaces". It was hoped that by taking these actions Australia would avoid "racial suicide" or Asian invasion and would improve national fitness, thus avoiding "racial decay" and starting to create a "paradise of physical perfection". This thesis considers the impact of eugenics in Australia by examining three related propositions: 1. that from the 1910s to the 1930s, eugenic ideas in Australia were readily accepted because of concerns about declining birth rate; 2. that, while mainly derivative, Australian eugenics had several distinctive Australian qualities; 3. that eugenics has a legacy in many disciplines, particularly family planning and public health. This examination of Australian eugenics is primarily from the perspective of the people, publications and organisations which contributed to this movement in the first half of this century. In addition to a consideration of their achievements, reference is also made to the influence which eugenic ideas had in such diverse fields as education, immigration, law, literature, politics, psychology and science.

Eugenics movements developed early this century in more than 20 countries, including Australia. However, for many years the vast literature on eugenics focused almost exclusively on the history of eugenics in Britain and America. While some aspects of eugenics in Australia are now being documented, the history of this movement largely remained to be written. Australians experienced both fears and hopes at the time of Federation in 1901. Some feared that the white population was declining and degenerating but they also hoped to create a new utopian society which would outstrip the achievements, and avoid the poverty and industrial unrest, of Britain and America. Some responded to these mixed emotions by combining notions of efficiency and progress with eugenic ideas about maximising the growth of a white population and filling the "empty spaces". It was hoped that by taking these actions Australia would avoid "racial suicide" or Asian invasion and would improve national fitness, thus avoiding "racial decay" and starting to create a "paradise of physical perfection". This thesis considers the impact of eugenics in Australia by examining three related propositions: 1. that from the 1910s to the 1930s, eugenic ideas in Australia were readily accepted because of concerns about declining birth rate; 2. that, while mainly derivative, Australian eugenics had several distinctive Australian qualities; 3. that eugenics has a legacy in many disciplines, particularly family planning and public health. This examination of Australian eugenics is primarily from the perspective of the people, publications and organisations which contributed to this movement in the first half of this century. In addition to a consideration of their achievements, reference is also made to the influence which eugenic ideas had in such diverse fields as education, immigration, law, literature, politics, psychology and science.