Dissertation (Ph. D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Psychology, 2007. / "December, 2007." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 03/21/2008) Advisor, James M. Diefendorff; Committee members, Robert G. Lord, Rebecca J. Erickson, Rosalie J. Hall, Aaron M. Schmidt; Department Chair, Paul E. Levy; Dean of the College, Ronald F. Levant; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

Background: The aims of this qualitative research were to explore a range of challenges encountered by mothers coping with infant sleep difficulties, and subsequent impacts on the transition to becoming a parent. The intention was twofold – to raise awareness amongst practitioner psychologists that “many new mothers experience some level of emotional distress and all deserve systematic and compassionate support” (Boots Family Trust, p.1), with particular reference to early relationship formation, and to encourage opportunities for translation from multidisciplinary research into practice. Method: Five semi-structured interviews were conducted. Four with mothers who were either experiencing, or had in the past experienced sleep difficulties with their babies. The fifth was with a professional ante-natal educator, herself a mother. The interviews were transcribed and analysed according to a constructivist version of grounded theory methodology guided by Charmaz (2006). Analysis: A central narrative of ‘the wearing mask of transition’ was developed from four analytic categories: being me’, ‘being pushed to the limit’, ‘relationships’ and ‘coping, learning and trusting’. The interconnectedness of the categories was conveyed via the visual translation of the proposed pluralistic model – ‘the coping mask of transition’. Conclusion: After having been neglected within mainstream mental health services, perinatal mental wellbeing is currently being prioritised, representing a unique opportunity for multidisciplinary consultation and sharing of expertise and training. The ‘normal’ experiences of the women interviewed were revealed as emotionally complex. They worked through their sleep deprivation and distress feeling largely unsupported, and often unwilling to disclose even to partners the extent of their difficulties. It is hoped that this small-scale study, with its focus on a non-clinical population, and the significance of maternal mental and emotional wellbeing and outcomes for children, will encourage professionals to consider the distressing impacts of ‘normal’ sleep disturbance and deprivation within the broader context of this major life transition.

In forensic contexts, eliminating the ability for identification and/or discovery of victims is a priority for many individuals perpetrating a homicide. This can be achieved in a number of ways, but a common belief is that acidic products can accomplish both. The current study submerged twelve complete pig (Sus scrofa) heads in three different commercial products containing hydrochloric or sulfuric acid (n=4 for each product) in order to determine if complete liquefaction was possible. The product with 31.45% concentration of hydrochloric acid was able to liquefy each head in five days. Motor vehicle battery acid (37% concentration of sulfuric acid) was able to liquefy each head in five weeks. The product with the low concentration (5 – 10%) of hydrochloric acid was not able to remove the soft tissue, but did affect the structure and consistency of the bones and teeth. Some common chemicals therefore are effective tools in body disposal.

A pesquisa apresenta as etapas de um processo de criação no qual a espacialidade corporal do ator lhe serve de mascaramento. Utiliza uma série progressiva de laboratórios que investigam o trânsito entre espaço e performatividade, a partir de estruturas plástico-arquitetônicas empregadas como máscaras espaciais. Organiza os resultados em partituras cênicas, tratadas como mascaramentos responsáveis por uma qualidade psicofísica diferenciada. Aponta como principais resultados: a dinâmica do corpo como princípio que anima e ativa o espaço; a disponibilidade para atuar e ser atuado pelo ambiente; o emprego da espacialidade corporal na criação cênica. Conclui que a composição de partituras em perspectiva de mascaramento espacial pode servir de base à escritura cênica / The research presents the steps of a creation process in which the actor\'s body spatiality serves them as a masking. It uses a progressive series of laboratories investigating the transit between space and performativity, from plastic-architectural structures used as spatial masks. It organizes the results in scenic scores, treated as masking which are responsible for a distinct psychophysical quality. It indicates that the main results: the dynamics of the body as a principle that animates and activates the space; the ability to act and be acted by the environment; the use of body spatiality in the scenic creation. It concludes that the composition of scores in spatial masking perspective can be the basis for a scenic scripture

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Melt granulation is a versatile process that is underutilized in the pharmaceutical industry. Most pharmaceutical wet granulation and twin-screw extruders can be adapted for melt granulation. Twin-screw melt granulation (TSMG) is of interest since is a continuous process and allows for flexible process design and a high degree of control. TSMG can be used to produce formulations for oral immediate or sustained release. This research focuses on the use of TSMG to taste-mask APIs. Many APIs are bitter or unpleasant tasting. Taste-masking may be required, particularly for products intended for pediatric patients. Taste-masking has been achieved with many different techniques, but a simple, cost-effective method that can be applied to many different APIs is not currently available. A matrix encapsulation approach using continuous twin-screw melt granulation was attempted with three different APIs. The resulting granule properties, particularly particle size, are related to the granulation process parameters. Prediction of taste-masking based on in vitro assessments is challenging and generally clinical evaluation is required. A small-volume dissolution method was developed as a screening test the melt granules. It is not clear if this technique is predictive of clinical taste-masking performance, but it is expected to be an improvement over discrete sampling or typical quality control dissolution methods. The dissolution rate was estimated using the Noyes-Whitney equation and correlated to the mean granule particle size. From this, a simple model for time to a taste threshold could be used to define a design space around the granulation process. / Pharmaceutical Sciences

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