by Cheung Yuk-ching, Doreen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 179-188. / Chapter 7 --- Findings III: Hypotheses Testing --- p.99 / Mass Media / Family / School / Chapter 8 --- Findings IV: Relative Influence of Socializing Agents --- p.130 / Interaction among Agents / Relative Influence among Agents / Chapter 9 --- Discussion --- p.152 / Parental Influence / Problem of Perceived Parental Influence / Mass Media / School / Political Orientations / Shortcomings and Future Research Direction / Chapter Appendix 1 --- Fathers' birth place --- p.161 / Chapter Appendix 2 --- Mothers' birth place --- p.161 / Chapter Appendix 3 --- Item-by-item correlations among perceived paternal attitudes --- p.162 / Chapter Appendix 4 --- Item-by-item correlations among perceived maternal attitudes --- p.163 / Questionnaire --- p.164 / Bibliography --- p.179 / Reference --- p.183

過去50年，香港媒體有關藥物成癮的主要概念主要來自對海洛因(俗稱「白粉」)吸毒者的想像。「吸毒者」通常被視為「對工作和家庭不負責任」，並且被描繪成「以犯罪獲得金錢購買毒品來紓緩嚴重的斷癮症狀。」然而，近年來，大部份青少年吸毒者吸食軟性毒品如氯胺酮和搖頭丸，而非海洛因。對青少年吸毒者而言，在道德和醫學概念上的「吸毒」定義並不符合他們的毒品經驗，原因是他們在使用藥物後並無嚴重的斷癮症狀。這種傳統毒品觀念與青少年吸毒者經驗之間的「矛盾」對戒毒和預防教育產生很大障礙。 / 本研究旨在找出現有主流媒體、戒毒機構及青少年吸毒者對「吸毒」的詮釋。本研究首先對禁毒政策進行歷史分析，以找出禁毒政策和現有的道德和醫學毒品論述之間的關係。另外，本研究對1978年至2008年的100個禁毒廣告及由1979年至2009年的26部禁毒電視新聞紀錄片進行文本及論述分析，以整合過去30年來本地媒體所運用的毒品論述。再者，本研究在一所福音戒毒中心（基督教得生團契）及一間社區戒毒輔導中心（香港路德會青欣中心）分別進行14個月及10個月民族誌考察，以檢視社工及青少年吸毒者如何運用主流媒體流行的毒品論述。 / 本研究發現主流媒體經常使用一種包含道德及醫學論述的「過來人」敘事法(go through narrative)。這種敘事法主要以吸毒「過來人」作為關鍵主體，去描述吸毒者最「真實」的「浪子回頭」故事，並且組成了主流的「浪子回頭」論述(Prodigal Son Returns Home Discourse)，為吸毒者建立了一個「浪子」身份。另外，本研究亦發現媒體中常見的「過來人」敘事法亦常被社工及戒毒過來人應用，並將吸毒定性為生活方式問題。青少年吸毒者對主流論述的「浪子」身份表現出不同程度的適應，但這種敘述自我身份的靈活性仍被局限於「過來人」敘事法及其容許的論述原素(discursive components)當中。 / 在理論層面上，本研究歸納出形成社會異類身份的主流論述所涉及的社會、組織、及互動層面的因素。而且，本研究亦歸納出在主流論述控制下，社會異類者體現自我身份自主性的策略，包括：「漠不關心」(Indifference)、「完整接受」(Adoption)、「自我適應」(Adaptation)及「自我肯定」(Affirmation)。透過靈活表述社會異類行為的性質，他們肯定個人身份及對抗主流論述。然而這種敘述自我身份的靈活性仍被局限於主流論述原素當中。 / For over 50 years, the major conception of drug addiction in Hong Kong media comes from the imaginations of heroin addiction. Drug addicts are usually presented as irresponsible for job and family, and they commit crimes to get money to buy drugs in order to relieve serious withdrawal symptoms. However, in recent years, most youth addicts use ‘recreational drugs’ like ketamine and ecstasy rather than heroin. The moral and disease conceptions of drug addiction are not applicable in their drug-taking experiences because many youth psychotropic drug addicts find no severe withdrawal and tolerance symptom. The ‘gap’ between the conventional drug discourses and the experience of youth drug users produces dissonance among addicts, drug rehabilitation and preventive education. / This study aims at figure out the existing meanings of drug addiction in the mass media and drug rehabilitation. Firstly, a historical analysis on the government anti-drug policy was conducted to figure out the relationship between social policy and the moral and medical drug discourses. Secondly, textual analysis on 100 government anti-drug advertisements from 1978 to 2008 and discourse analysis on 26 local TV news documentaries about drug addiction from 1979 to 2009 were conducted to examine the mediated drug discourses. Thirdly, a 14-month ethnographic research in a Christianity drug rehabilitation camp (called the Christian New Being Fellowship) and a 10-month ethnographic research in a local drug rehabilitation-counseling center (called Hong Kong Lutheran Social Service Cheer Centre) have been conducted to reveal the current drug discourses consumed by the social workers and the youth drug addicts. / From the analysis on anti-drug TV advertisements and TV news documentaries, a “go through" narrative is identified which encapsulates the moral and medical drug discourses. Such narrative involves ex-addict as key subject who tells the “authentic" drug story of a “prodigal son". It contributes to a mediated dominant “Prodigal Son Returns Home" discourse that constitutes the ‘prodigal son’ identity of drug addicts. From the ethnographic studies in drug rehabilitation organizations, it is found that the “go through" narrative identified in media functions as an important discursive component for the social workers and professional ex- to present the nature of drug addiction. “Prodigal Son Returns Home" discourse could also be identified in drug rehabilitation, which morally defines drug addiction as personal misconduct and lifestyle problem. However, youth drug addicts adopt the ‘prodigal son’ identity to various extents. But such flexibility is restricted to selecting discursive components of the only available “go through narrative under rehabilitation. / This research makes theoretical contributions by identifying the factors in social, institutional and interactional dimensions that constitute the mediated dominant discourse of deviant identity. Besides, this research shows some tactics of the socially deviant in performing agency under the mediated dominant discourse, which include: “Indifference", “Adoption", “Adaptation", and “Affirmation". Socially deviants may favor their own personal identity and resist the mediated dominant discourse by flexible narration of deviant behavior, which is restricted by the available discursive components of the mediated dominant discourse. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Tsen, Wai Sing. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 516-534). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese; some appendixes also in Chinese. / Abstract of thesis entitled --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vi / List of Tables and Figures --- p.xiii / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- The Current Conceptions of Drug Addiction -- 2 Dimensions --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- Current problem of youth drug addiction in Hong Kong -- changing conceptions on drug experiences --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Challenge to the field: to negotiate a new conception of drug addiction --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4 --- Theoretical Implication: The Question of Mediated Dominant Discourse and Agency of Deviant Identity --- p.9 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Social Constructionist Approach on Drug Addiction --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- The concepts of ‘Drug Addiction’ --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2 --- Drug Addiction Models --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Moral Model --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Disease Model --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Social Learning Model --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Identity Model --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- Symbolic Interactionism and Identity Transformation --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4 --- Social Construction of Drug Addiction --- p.20 / Chapter 2.5 --- From Behaviorism to Discursive Psychology on Drug addiction --- p.23 / Chapter 2.6 --- Addiction as Social Accomplishment --- p.25 / Chapter 2.7 --- The Myth of Addiction -- A Functional Explanation for Drug Use --- p.29 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Attribution Bias in Drug Addiction --- p.30 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- The Paradox of ‘Scientific’ Evidence on Drug Addiction --- p.32 / Chapter 2.7.3 --- Drug Addiction as Preferred Explanation --- p.33 / Chapter 2.8 --- Implications -- to Elucidate the Constituted Nature of Drug Addiction --- p.34 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Symbolic Interactionism on Deviant Identity --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1 --- Sociological Study of the Socially deviants --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2 --- Symbolic Interactionism: the Production of Self as Social Constructs --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3 --- Goffman: Deviant as Social Construction on Social Identity --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4 --- Becker: Deviant as Career on Social Label --- p.46 / Chapter 3.5 --- The Issue of Power and Deviant Identity --- p.49 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Research Issues and Methodology --- p.52 / Chapter 4.1 --- Discourse Analysis -- the Basic Principles --- p.53 / Chapter 4.2 --- Discourse of Normality and Deviant Discursive Power of Regulations --- p.55 / Chapter 4.3 --- Discourse, Identity and Power --- p.57 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Constructive Views on Social Identity --- p.57 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Formation of Drug Addicts in Subject Position --- p.58 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- From Interpellation to Discursive Construction of Subjects --- p.59 / Chapter 4.4 --- Intertextuality in Texts and Mediation -- Study of Narrative and Discourse --- p.64 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Narrative and Identity --- p.65 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Narrative of Recovery --- p.68 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- The Structured Narrative of Recovery -- the Story of Professional Ex- --- p.70 / Chapter 4.5 --- Drug Discourses in Institutions Study of Disorders of Discourses --- p.72 / Chapter 4.6 --- Research Issues --- p.73 / Chapter 4.7 --- Research Methods --- p.77 / Chapter Chapter 5: --- Social and Historical Contexts of Drug Addiction in Hong Kong --- p.84 / Chapter 5.1 --- Historical Context of Drug Addiction in Hong Kong --- p.84 / Chapter 5.2 --- The Rise of Heroin Addiction in Hong Kong --- p.87 / Chapter 5.3 --- The Construction of Moral and Disease Conceptions of Drug Addiction --- p.89 / Chapter 5.4 --- Recent Trend of Drug Addiction in Hong Kong --- p.93 / Chapter 5.5 --- Recent Youth Drug Addiction Profile -- the Rise of Psychotropic Substances --- p.96 / Chapter 5.6 --- Youth Attitudes on Drug Addiction --- p.98 / Chapter 5.7 --- The Influence of ‘Rave Culture’ and Psychotropic Drugs Addiction --- p.100 / Chapter 5.8 --- Cross Border Drug Addiction in Youth Community --- p.101 / Chapter 5.9 --- From Recreational Use to Personal Use of Psychotropic Drugs --- p.102 / Chapter Chapter 6: --- Drug Treatment and Rehabilitation in Hong Kong --- p.106 / Chapter 6.1 --- Treatment Goals in Rehabilitation --- p.106 / Chapter 6.2 --- Treatments and Rehabilitation in Hong Kong --- p.108 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Compulsory Drug Treatment Scheme --- p.109 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Methadone Treatment Program in Hong Kong --- p.110 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Voluntary Residential Treatment and Rehabilitation Programs --- p.113 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Substance Abuse Clinics and Counseling Program for Psychotropic Substance Abusers --- p.115 / Chapter 6.3 --- Christianity Drug Rehabilitation in Hong Kong --- p.115 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- The Early History of Christianity Drug Rehabilitation --- p.117 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- The Important Role of Operation Dawn --- p.120 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- Further Development of Christianity Drug Rehabilitation in 1980s --- p.122 / Chapter 6.4 --- The Rise of Counseling Services for Psychotropic Substances Abusers --- p.124 / Chapter Chapter 7: --- Anti-Drug TV Advertisements -- Construction of Moral Drug Discourse in Hong Kong --- p.126 / Chapter 7.1 --- Paradoxical Linkage between Drug Addiction and Crime --- p.127 / Chapter 7.2 --- The Construction of Moral Conception of Drug Addiction in 1970s --- p.129 / Chapter 7.3 --- New Approach in 1980s the Incoming of Psychotropic Drugs. --- p.133 / Chapter 7.4 --- The Dilution of Moral Conception of Drug Addiction in the 1990s --- p.135 / Chapter 7.5 --- From Lifestyle Appeal to Re-invention of Moral Appeal in 2000s --- p.137 / Chapter 7.6 --- The Change of Moral Conception of Drug Addiction --- p.141 / Chapter Chapter 8: --- Anti-Drug TV News Documentaries -- An Overview --- p.143 / Chapter 8.1 --- Categories and Distributions of TV News Documentaries from 1979-2009 --- p.144 / Chapter 8.2 --- Types of Informants in News Documentaries -- Who can speak? --- p.149 / Chapter 8.3 --- The Image of Drug Addicts in the News Documentaries --- p.154 / Chapter 8.4 --- Reported Types of Drugs Abused in News Documentaries --- p.156 / Chapter 8.5 --- Attributions of Drug Addiction given in News Documentaries --- p.158 / Chapter 8.6 --- Solutions of Drug Addiction in News Documentaries from Personal Misconduct to Societal Responsibility --- p.161 / Chapter 8.7 --- Consequences of Drug Addiction in News Documentaries to Construct Moral and Medical Drug Discourses --- p.164 / Chapter 8.8 --- The Importance of Christianity Drug Rehabilitation as Major Source of Informants in News Documentaries --- p.167 / Chapter 8.9 --- The Preferred Image of Drug Addicts in News Documentaries --- p.169 / Chapter Chapter 9: --- Mediated Drug Discourses in TV News Documentaries --- p.171 / Chapter 9.1 --- Medical Discourse --- p.172 / Chapter 9.1.1 --- Medical Discourse in TV News Documentaries --- p.173 / Chapter 9.1.2 --- Defining Psychotropic Drug Addiction in Medical Discourse --- p.176 / Chapter 9.1.3 --- The Construction of ‘Addictive Substance’ --- p.178 / Chapter 9.2 --- Moral Discourse --- p.182 / Chapter 9.2.1 --- Moral Discourse in TV News Documentaries --- p.183 / Chapter 9.2.2 --- Moral Discourse and Heroin Addiction --- p.185 / Chapter 9.2.3 --- Dominant Role of Moral Drug Discourse --- p.191 / Chapter 9.3 --- Legal Discourse --- p.193 / Chapter 9.3.1 --- Legal Discourse in TV News Documentaries --- p.193 / Chapter 9.3.2 --- Functional Use of Legal Drug Discourse --- p.195 / Chapter 9.4 --- The Dominance of Moral and Medical Drug Discourses --- p.199 / Chapter Chapter 10: --- Prodigal Son Returns Home Discourse Articulation of Drug Addict Identity in Go Through Narrative --- p.202 / Chapter 10.1 --- The ‘Go Through’ Narrative in Life Story Programs about Christianity Drug Rehabilitation --- p.203 / Chapter 10.1.1 --- Subject Positions in Life Story Programs on Christianity Drug Rehabilitation --- p.203 / Chapter 10.1.2 --- Stories by Addict / Ex-addict as Central Component --- p.205 / Chapter 10.1.3 --- The Role of Social Workers / Rehabilitation Practitioners / Relatives --- p.211 / Chapter 10.2 --- The ‘Go Through’ Narrative in Current Affairs Programs --- p.216 / Chapter 10.3 --- Summary: ‘Go Through’ Narrative in TV News Documentaries --- p.222 / Chapter 10.4 --- The Exception Alternatives and Disorders of Discourses --- p.225 / Chapter 10.5 --- The “Prodigal Son Returns Home" Discourse and the Personalization of Drug Problems --- p.228 / Chapter 10.6 --- ‘Prodigal Son Returns Home’ Discourse as Social Practice -- the Zheng Sheng College incident --- p.231 / Chapter 10.7 --- The Mediated Drug Discourses and the Preferred Identity of Drug Addicts --- p.236 / Chapter Chapter 11: --- Christianity Drug Rehabilitation and the Preferred ‘Prodigal Son’ Identity of Drug Addicts --- p.240 / Chapter 11.1 --- About the Field of Study: Christian New Being Fellowship (CNBF) --- p.241 / Chapter 11.1.1 --- Treatment Stages in the CNBF --- p.242 / Chapter 11.1.2 --- Training Programs in the CNBF --- p.243 / Chapter 11.2 --- Research Methods in the Field --- p.244 / Chapter 11.2.1 --- Participant Observation --- p.245 / Chapter 11.2.2 --- In-depth Interviews: the CNBF Trainees --- p.245 / Chapter 11.2.3 --- In-depth Interviews: Ex-addicts Helpers and Social Workers --- p.246 / Chapter 11.3 --- The “Scheduled" Life in CNBF --- p.246 / Chapter 11.4 --- The “Dull" Life in CNBF --- p.249 / Chapter 11.5 --- Ways to Tackle --- p.251 / Chapter 11.6 --- The Preferred “Prodigal Son Returns Home" Discourse in the CNBF --- p.255 / Chapter 11.6.1 --- Presenting the “Love" and “Heal" as Core Message --- p.255 / Chapter 11.6.2 --- Drug Addiction as “Lifestyle Problem" --- p.256 / Chapter 11.6.3 --- Professional ex- as the ‘Role Model’ of Lifestyle Transformation --- p.259 / Chapter 11.6.4 --- The Hitting Bottom Experience as Key to Recovery --- p.260 / Chapter 11.6.5 --- Sin, Heal and the Prodigal Son --- p.261 / Chapter 11.7 --- Oppositional Readings to the “Prodigal Son" Story of Drug Addiction --- p.265 / Chapter 11.7.1 --- The Narration of ‘Withdrawal’ Symptoms --- p.266 / Chapter 11.7.2 --- The Volitional Nature of Recreational Drug Use --- p.267 / Chapter 11.7.3 --- Functional Uses of drugs --- p.268 / Chapter 11.7.4 --- Habitual and ‘Harmless’ Usage of Drugs --- p.270 / Chapter 11.7.5 --- The Evil Heroin Addiction --- p.272 / Chapter 11.8 --- Hardship in Christianity Drug Rehabilitation the Resistance to “Prodigal Son Identity --- p.275 / Chapter Chapter 12: --- Outpatient Drug Counseling Centre The Strategic Use of Prodigal Son Identity --- p.279 / Chapter 12.1 --- The History and Information of Out-patient Drug Counseling Service --- p.281 / Chapter 12.1.1 --- Information about the Field of Study: Cheer Lutheran Centre --- p.282 / Chapter 12.1.2 --- Characteristics of Youth Drug Addicts in Cheers Centre --- p.285 / Chapter 12.2 --- Getting into the Field --- p.286 / Chapter 12.3 --- Comparison between the CNBF and Cheer Centre: Mode of Rehabilitation --- p.291 / Chapter 12.3.1 --- Major Differences in the Modes of Rehabilitation --- p.291 / Chapter 12.3.2 --- Difference in Goal of Rehabilitation --- p.293 / Chapter 12.3.3 --- Difference in Degree of Intimacy --- p.294 / Chapter 12.4 --- The Basic Format of Counseling Groups --- p.296 / Chapter 12.4.1 --- Themes of Motivational Groups: From Health Appeal to Self-Narrative of Lifestyle --- p.297 / Chapter 12.4.2 --- Themes of Relapse Prevention Group Self Narration and Positive Psychology --- p.299 / Chapter 12.4.3 --- The Important Role of Professional Ex- in Counseling Groups --- p.300 / Chapter 12.5 --- Comparison between the CNBF and Cheer Centre: Organization Practices --- p.301 / Chapter 12.5.1 --- Tight Regulations vs. Loose Regulations --- p.302 / Chapter 12.5.2 --- Surveillance Role vs. Serving Role of Social Workers --- p.303 / Chapter 12.5.3 --- Systematic Training vs. Loose Training of Professional Ex- --- p.305 / Chapter 12.6 --- The Preferred Narrative of Drug Addiction in Cheer Centre --- p.308 / Chapter 12.6.1 --- Health Appeal on Drug Addiction --- p.308 / Chapter 12.6.2 --- Moral Appeal on Drug Addiction --- p.310 / Chapter 12.6.3 --- Drug Addiction as a Lifestyle Problem --- p.311 / Chapter 12.6.4 --- The Identification of Addictive Use as Hitting Bottom Experience --- p.313 / Chapter 12.6.5 --- The Role of Positive Psychology --- p.314 / Chapter 12.7 --- The Resistance and Disorders of Discourse in Cheer Centre --- p.318 / Chapter 12.7.1 --- Resistance from Youth Addicts -- Tactics to Get Rid of Addict Identity --- p.318 / Chapter 12.7.2 --- Contradiction between Medical and Legal Discourses --- p.320 / Chapter 12.7.3 --- Disorders of Discourse: Hedonistic Discourse and Functional Use of Drug --- p.321 / Chapter 12.7.4 --- Ignorance of Marijuana Users -- Incapability of Prodigal Son Returns Home Discourse --- p.323 / Chapter 12.7.5 --- Ignorance of Hitting Bottom Experience --- p.324 / Chapter 12.8 --- Adaptation by Youth Addicts -- Strategic Use of Prodigal Son Returns Home Discourse --- p.325 / Chapter 12.9 --- Conclusion: Prodigal Son Returns Home Discourse in the CNBF and Cheers centre --- p.328 / Chapter Chapter 13: --- Drug Narratives of Youth Drug Addicts in Cheer Centre --- p.332 / Chapter 13.1 --- The Study of Self-Narrative as Part of the Drug Discourse --- p.333 / Chapter 13.2 --- Narrative Inquiry on Youth Drug Addicts’ Life Stories --- p.335 / Chapter 13.2.1 --- Dimensions in the Study of Self Narratives --- p.335 / Chapter 13.2.2 --- A Narrative Model in the Analysis of Drug Stories --- p.338 / Chapter 13.3 --- The Preferred Go Through Narrative of Drug Addiction --- p.340 / Chapter 13.3.1 --- Cases showing the Preferred Go Through Narrative of Drug Addiction --- p.341 / Chapter 13.3.2 --- Important Features of Preferred Go Through Narrative --- p.342 / Chapter 13.3.2.1 --- Capable of Presenting Drug Stories in Temporal Order --- p.343 / Chapter 13.3.2.2 --- Clear Identification of Addiction --- p.344 / Chapter 13.3.2.3 --- Concrete Hitting Bottom Experience --- p.346 / Chapter 13.3.2.4 --- Relating Drug Addiction to Lifestyle Problem --- p.347 / Chapter 13.3.2.5 --- Capable in Narrating Key to Recovery --- p.349 / Chapter 13.3.2.6 --- The Presentation of Stable Abstinent Identity --- p.349 / Chapter 13.4 --- The Habitual and Consumption Story of Drug Use --- p.351 / Chapter 13.4.1 --- Cases showing the Habitual and Consumption Story of Drug Use --- p.353 / Chapter 13.4.2 --- Important Features of the Habitual and Consumption Story --- p.354 / Chapter 13.4.2.1 --- Lack of Explicit Temporal Order in Drug Story --- p.355 / Chapter 13.4.2.2 --- Lack of Identification of Addiction --- p.356 / Chapter 13.4.2.3 --- Incapability to Articulate Hitting Bottom Experience --- p.357 / Chapter 13.4.2.4 --- Drug Use as Personal Consumption but not Lifestyle Problem --- p.358 / Chapter 13.4.2.5 --- Blurred Key to Recovery --- p.360 / Chapter 13.4.2.6 --- Lack of Stable Abstinent Identity --- p.361 / Chapter 13.5 --- The Flexible Prodigal Son Story of Drug Addiction --- p.362 / Chapter 13.5.1 --- Cases showing the Flexible Prodigal Son Story of Drug Addiction --- p.365 / Chapter 13.5.2 --- Important Features of the Flexible Prodigal Son Story --- p.368 / Chapter 13.5.2.1 --- Clear Temporal Order of Drug Story --- p.368 / Chapter 13.5.2.2 --- Clear Identification of Recreational Use to Addictive Use of Drugs --- p.369 / Chapter 13.5.2.3 --- Capability in Articulating the Hitting Bottom Experience --- p.370 / Chapter 13.5.2.4 --- Relating Drug Addiction to Lifestyle Problem --- p.371 / Chapter 13.5.2.5 --- Clear but Diverse Keys to Recovery --- p.372 / Chapter 13.5.2.6 --- Hybrid Abstinence Identity with Past Identity Practices --- p.373 / Chapter 13.6 --- In Struggle: The Ineffective Prodigal Son Story of Drug Addiction --- p.375 / Chapter 13.6.1 --- Cases showing the Ineffective Prodigal Story of Drug Addiction --- p.377 / Chapter 13.6.2 --- Important Features of the Ineffective Prodigal Son Story --- p.380 / Chapter 13.6.2.1 --- Lack of Clear Temporal Order of Drug Story --- p.380 / Chapter 13.6.2.2 --- Identification of Addictive Use of Drugs --- p.382 / Chapter 13.6.2.3 --- Not Concretely Articulating the Hitting Bottom Experience --- p.382 / Chapter 13.6.2.4 --- Implicitly Relate Drug Addiction to Lifestyle Problem --- p.383 / Chapter 13.6.2.5 --- Lack of Concrete Key to Recovery --- p.385 / Chapter 13.6.2.6 --- Suspicion of Self Abstinence Identity --- p.386 / Chapter 13.6.3 --- Key Differences between the Flexible Prodigal Son Story and the Ineffective Prodigal Son Story --- p.387 / Chapter 13.7 --- Conclusion: Discursive Formation of Deviant Identity through the Subject of Prodigal Son --- p.388 / Chapter Chapter 14: --- Conclusion Drug Addiction, Prodigal Son and Normalization of Drug Use --- p.394 / Chapter 14.1 --- Research Summary and Key Findings --- p.395 / Chapter 14.2 --- Answers to Research Questions: --- p.407 / Chapter 14.2.1 --- Answer to Research Question 1 --- p.408 / Chapter 14.2.2 --- Answer to Research Question 2 --- p.409 / Chapter 14.2.3 --- Answer to Research Question 3 --- p.413 / Chapter 14.3 --- Discussions and Implications --- p.414 / Chapter 14.3.1 --- Foucault’s Concept of Disciplinary Power Discursive Control by Prodigal Son Identity --- p.415 / Chapter 14.3.2 --- Goffman’s Concept of Role and Performance the Strategic Use of Prodigal Son as Impression Management --- p.422 / Chapter 14.3.3 --- Theoretical Implication: A Suggested Model of Agency under Mediated Dominant Discourse of Deviant Identity --- p.428 / Chapter 14.3.3.1 --- Suggested Conditions for the Constitution of Mediated Dominant Discourse of Deviant Identity --- p.429 / Chapter 14.3.3.2 --- Suggested Model of Agency under Mediated Dominant Discourse of Deviant Identity --- p.438 / Chapter 14.3.4 --- Social Implications and Limitations of Research --- p.449 / Chapter Appendix I: --- Drug Addiction Models --- p.455 / Chapter Appendix II: --- Major Treatment Modes of Drug Addiction in Hong Kong --- p.459 / Chapter Appendix III: --- Voluntary Residential Rehabilitation Programs in Hong Kong --- p.462 / Chapter Appendix IV: --- Lists and Summary of the selected Hong Kong Anti-drug TV APIs in 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2006 and 2008 --- p.464 / Chapter Appendix V: --- Attributions, Solutions and Consequences of Drug Addiction Reported by Informants in Anti-Drug TV News Documentaries --- p.481 / Chapter Appendix V: --- Interview Schedule for the Trainee Informants in the CNBF --- p.485 / Chapter Appendix VII: --- Interview Schedule for the CNBF Mentors --- p.487 / Chapter Appendix VIII: --- Socio-demographic Profile of the CNBF Informants and Interview Report --- p.491 / Chapter Appendix IX: --- Socio-demographic Profile of the Informants in Cheer Centre and Interview Reports --- p.503 / Chapter Appendix X: --- Interview Schedule for the Informants in Cheer Centre --- p.512 / Chapter Appendix XI: --- A Selected Glossary of Local Drug Addicts --- p.513 / Bibliography --- p.516

劉晨. / "2008年10月". / "2008 nian 10 yue". / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-100). / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Liu Chen. / Chapter 第一章 --- 導言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二章 --- 文獻綜述 --- p.5 / 民主、民主化與大眾媒介/民主政治與公共領域 --- p.5 / 作為一種民主理念的公共領域 --- p.8 / 公共領域與媒介 --- p.15 / 當代中國的公共領域與媒介環境 --- p.21 / Chapter 第三章 --- 研究設計 --- p.28 / 研究問题 --- p.28 / 研究個案 --- p.32 / 案例´ؤ´ؤ廈門PX項目事件 --- p.32 / 為什麽是廈門PX項目事件？ --- p.33 / 研究方法 --- p.35 / Chapter 第四章 --- 研究發現之一：當代中國公共領域的現狀 --- p.38 / Chapter 第五章 --- 研究發現之二：公共領域背後的動因和條件 --- p.68 / Chapter 第六章 --- 總結與討論 --- p.83 / 參考文獻 --- p.90 / 附錄 --- p.101

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Communication

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Communication

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Communication

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration

"耽美"来源于日本，是以女性读者群为主要受众、描写男性与男性之间浪漫关系或性关系的文学或艺术作品，也被称为BL（Boy’s Love）。喜爱耽美的女性爱好者被称为"腐女"。耽美文化自1990 年代后期随着日本流行文化进入中国，至今已在中国网络空间中逐渐发展成为一个主要由女性网民所组成的，包含文本创作、阅读与交流的文化圈。与此同时，耽美文化的流行亦引发了中国当下种种对性与性别问题的思考。 / 本研究将耽美文化解译为"女性幻想男男之爱"的欲望结构，从精神分析幻想理论与酷儿理论的视角来考察中国网络中的耽美文化现象。论文所围绕的一个问题是，耽美文化与中国社会文化中的性/别话语产生了怎样的关系，以及如何从腐女的耽美幻想中搭建起与现实性/别政治的联系。研究首先分析了两类网络耽美小说文本，分别来看它们与1990年代以后的"男同性恋"身份话语，和2000年代以后对"中国古典文化"想象之间的吸收、挪用与再创造；其次以网络腐女圈的论坛讨论与配对狂欢为对象，研究网络耽美式恶搞对官方媒体、主流男性形象和异性恋规范的权威所潜在的颠覆性；最后以2011年一桩"腐女被抓案"新闻报道为契机，来观察耽美文化与网络淫秽色情审查的纠葛、冲突与可能的出路。 / 欲望幻想的流动性决定着它边界的模糊与开放，以及它承载、影响乃至侵扰"现实"秩序的功能。因此，作为一种女性的男性同性情欲幻想，本研究视耽美文化最引人注目的地方不在于其本身的出现与流行程度，而在于它与各种性/别话语的相互建构与矛盾冲突。此外，在对幻想文本、网络话语以及腐女群体的调查中，本研究也期待探索某种"酷儿"政治在中国网络文化中生产的可能性。 / Boy’s love (BL in short; danmei in Chinese) is a Japanese term for female-oriented fictional media, which focuses on love, sex and romance between beautiful androgynous boys or young men. Apart from the gay self-representations, BL is a genre of male homoeroticism by and for mostly heterosexual women. In China, the BL fans call themselves "Fu Nu", which means "rotten girl", to describe their enthusiasm for fantasizing male homosexuality. BL originated from Japanese amine, comic and game youth culture, and has since become a transnational phenomenon all over the world with a global fan base. As such, the phenomenon of boy’s love had already aroused a lot of discussions in relation to ideologies of gender and sexuality from different cultural and social perspectives. BL fandom in China’s culture context with its "Chinese characteristics" also deserves particular attention, when it opens up a fantastic space for Chinese woman to practice their sexuality beyond non-heterosexual norms. / However there is limited work that considers the queer sexuality of female BL fans in China, in relation to the queer texts and queer discourses they create. There is also little research that explores the capacity of boy’s love netizens to resist the on-going internet surveillance by the Chinese government of information deemed ‘sexually inappropriate’ and outside the heterosexual norm. Therefore there remains a paucity of studies that examine the political potentialities of anti-homophobic and queer discourses of sexuality as manoeuvred by the Chinese BL fan base that continue to populate online communities. Based on previous studies about the phenomenon of boy’s Love in China, this paper analyses the queer politics of the online BL fandom in terms of the interactions between BL and the other gender and sexuality discourses on the Chinese Internet. It will be argued that the online BL fandom opens up a virtual space for girls and young women to author practice their male homosexual fantasies. Moreover, it will be maintained that boy’s love appropriates the queerness from the different sides of cyber culture into its narrative fantasies, thus forming a queer continuum made up with the conflicts, complicities and political potentialities of the gender and sexuality on the Chinese internet. This paper concludes with an analysis of the ambiguous relation of BL with Chinese Internet censorship, and traces the capacities of boy’s love netizens in subverting and resisting government surveillance of what it terms ‘obscene’ information. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 周舒燕. / Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-162). / Abstracts also in English. / Zhou Shuyan.

胡霽榮. / "2007年8月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2007. / 參考文獻(leaves 185-197). / "2007 nian 8 yue". / Abstract also in English. / Hu Jirong. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2007. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 185-197). / Chapter 第一章 --- 引言 --- p.1 / Chapter 一、 --- 上海一一乍爲媒介的城市 --- p.1 / Chapter 二、 --- 上海電影史硏究的意義與新的角度 --- p.4 / Chapter 三、 --- 文章結構與行文思路 --- p.7 / Chapter 第二章 --- 電影院的建立與電影放映空間的更替 --- p.11 / Chapter 一、 --- 傳統娛樂場所裏的影戲“演´ح映 --- p.11 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 電影最初放映的時間與地點問題 --- p.11 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 寄居傳統娛樂場所與影戲“演´ح映 --- p.13 / Chapter 二、 --- 電影院的建立與影院放映電影的開始 --- p.20 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 上海第一家影戲院建立 --- p.21 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 影院電影放映與觀影規則 --- p.22 / Chapter 三、 --- 電影院與都市社會文化的變遷 --- p.28 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 電影院的建立與都市空間建築風格的變遷 --- p.28 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 電影院的規模化與都市新文化區域的産生 --- p.31 / Chapter 3 ´Ø --- 都市新文化消費與市民摩登心境 --- p.33 / Chapter 第三章 --- 中國電影製片業的興起與電影審查之濫觴 --- p.39 / Chapter 一、 --- 中國影業公司與中國電影的興起 --- p.39 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 上海電影活動之端倪 --- p.39 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 中國影業公司的勃興 --- p.41 / Chapter 3 ´Ø --- 中國影片的興起 --- p.46 / Chapter 4 ´Ø --- 早期電影觀：“影戲´ح觀 --- p.50 / Chapter 二、 --- 上海電影審查制度之濫觴 --- p.55 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 民國電影檢查之初始 --- p.55 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 上海電影審查制度的雛形 --- p.56 / Chapter 第四章 --- 中國電影的主體性建構與中國電影制度的建立 --- p.65 / Chapter 一、 --- 中國左翼電影運動與中國電影觀念的確立 --- p.65 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 中國左翼電影運動的剪影 --- p.65 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 電影觀念的變革與中國電影定位的確立 --- p.69 / Chapter 二、 --- 左翼電影的傳播革命：市場阻力與博 弈 --- p.77 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 好萊塢電影與觀眾口味 --- p.78 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 左翼電影的傳播策略與觀眾主體的培育 --- p.85 / Chapter 三、 --- 國民政府電影審查與電影制度的建立與影 響 --- p.96 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 中央電影檢查委員會的成立與對左翼電影的嚴禁 --- p.96 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 繼續打壓神怪武俠片與外國辱華片 --- p.100 / Chapter 3 ´Ø --- 電影審查與中國電影制度建立的意義 --- p.103 / Chapter 第五章 --- 印刷媒介與電影的傳播 --- p.106 / Chapter 一、 --- 印刷媒介在上海的發 展 --- p.106 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 印刷與攝影技術的傳入 --- p.106 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 近代上海印刷出版業的發展 --- p.108 / Chapter 二、 --- 印刷媒介對電影發展的影 響 --- p.110 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 上海早期電影報刊業掃描 --- p.110 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 上海早期電影刊物槪述 --- p.117 / Chapter 第六章 --- 圖像與影像之間：都市形象與都會現代性建構 --- p.133 / Chapter 一、 --- 《良友畫報》與電影：圖像上海的營 造 --- p.133 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 《良友》的代表性 --- p.133 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 電影對於《良友》的影響 --- p.135 / Chapter 3 ´Ø --- 現代都市圖景的建構 --- p.142 / Chapter 二、 --- 早期電影中的“上海´ح --- p.155 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 都市經驗的上海模式 --- p.155 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 對於“上海´ح的影像批判 --- p.159 / Chapter 三、 --- 上海的記憶與想 像 --- p.167 / Chapter 1 ´Ø --- 今日“上海´ح的歷史鏡像 --- p.167 / Chapter 2 ´Ø --- 結語：今日影像“上海´ح的懷舊製造 --- p.169 / Chapter 第七章 --- 總結 --- p.172 / 圖表目錄： / Chapter 圖1: --- 〈做影戲〉（《圖畫日報》） --- p.18 / Chapter 圖2: --- 〈虹口影戲院〉（《良友》） --- p.21 / Chapter 圖3: --- 〈四馬路影戲之喧嘩〉(《圖畫日報》） --- p.25 / Chapter 圖4: --- 〈大光明電影院〉（《上海檔案資訊網》） --- p.29 / Chapter 圖5: --- 〈徐園〉(《圖畫日報》） --- p.29 / Chapter 圖6: --- 〈國泰大戲院之外牆廣告〉（《良友》） --- p.33 / Chapter 圖7: --- 〈大學生之電影熱〉（《電影月刊》） --- p.84 / Chapter 圖8: --- 《影戲雜誌》創刊號 --- p.119 / Chapter 圖9: --- 《良友畫報》第一期封面 --- p.137 / Chapter 圖10: --- 〈范朋克、黃柳霜與伍聯德的合照〉(《良友》） --- p.139 / Chapter 圖11: --- 「電影專刊」封面，（《良友》） --- p.140 / Chapter 圖12: --- 〈阮玲玉〉（《良友》第30期封面） --- p.144 / Chapter 圖13: --- 〈阮玲玉〉（《良友》第99期封面） --- p.144 / Chapter 圖14: --- 〈女人女人女人〉（《良友》） --- p.145 / Chapter 圖15: --- 〈美的佈景〉（《良友》） --- p.147 / Chapter 圖16: --- 〈體育皇后〉與醫藥廣告（《良友》） --- p.148 / Chapter 圖17: --- 〈上海的聲.光.電〉(《良友》） --- p.150 / Chapter 圖18: --- 〈都會的刺激〉（《良友》） --- p.151 / Chapter 表1: --- 1920 ´ؤ1930年代美國影片公司發行機構 --- p.40 / Chapter 表2: --- 1909年至1937年上海各電影製片公司出品數量 --- p.49 / Chapter 表3: --- 1933年1月至6月上海各影院映片出品國別統計（《明星月刊》） --- p.78 / Chapter 表4: --- 1931年上海規模大的影戲院列表(《影戲雜誌》) --- p.80 / Chapter 表5: --- “到電影院去的目的´ح（〈大學生與電影〉，《電影月刊》） --- p.83 / Chapter 表6: --- 1920-1937年上海出版的主要電影期刊 --- p.111 / Chapter 表7: --- 1930年代上海主要電影副刊與專欄 --- p.115 / 附錄： / 附表1 ： 1935年放映外國影片之上海電影院 / 附表2:1935年放映國片之上海電影院 --- p.179 / 附表3:1909-1937年上海各電影公司出品數量統計表 --- p.180 / 附表4:1926-1937年《良友畫報》之部分電影內容列表 --- p.181 / 附表5 ： 1926-1937年《良友畫報》刊載的上海地方素描 --- p.184 / 參考資料 --- p.185

Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Society, Culture, Media and Philosophy, Department of International Communication, 2009. / Bibliography: p. 431-447. / Introduction -- Literature review -- Methodology -- The development and the actual situation of television industry in China -- Commercial television in the U.S. and public television in the U.K. -- Results and discussion -- Conclusions and recommendations -- Bibliography. / Over the past five decades, China's television industry has gone through various historical periods, which have seen marked changes in China's political and economic spheres, indeed in Chinese society overall. Over the last thirty years, since the reform and opening up of China in 1978, transformation of the original television systems, structure and industrial market chain has been attempted concomitant with the gradual relaxation of the restrictions applicable to China's television industry. Within these circumstances, the Chinese government, media practitioners, and scholars are actively exploring long-term, feasible and sustainable approaches to the further development of the television industry in China. The research examines China's approaches to the development of its television industry, using McQuail's political, economic and social framework, the relevant political economy traditions involving the neoclassic paradigm and the heterodox approach, and the principles of media economics and the 'market chain' theory of the television industry. This thesis first presents a concise review of how television developed in China: it then seeks to map perceived changes and to ascertain the problems throughout the process. Research methods employed are secondary data analysis, in-depth interview and focus group. Chinese scholars, officials and media practitioners are the participants of interviews and focus groups. The discussion draws on previous analyses and discussions, to assess the overall picture of television industrialisation reformation in China, additionally drawing on discourses surrounding commercial television in the United States and public television in the United Kingdom for valuable reference material that will support China's television development. The significance of this research lies in its providing an insight into China's television reformation and adding, to the field of communication and development, the Chinese experience. The research expects to propose a television development pathway with Chinese characteristics, drawing on Chinese as well as Western theories. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / xix, 461 p. ill