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21	CHEMOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND BIOMARKERS OF DISEASE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION FIBERS TO EVALUATE GAS SENSING LAYERS Mark David Woollam (13143879) 26 July 2022 (has links) <p>Canines can detect different diseases simply by smelling different biological sample types, including urine, breath and sweat. This has led researchers to try and discovery unique volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers. The power of VOC biomarkers lies in the fact that one day they may be able to be utilized for noninvasive, rapid and accurate diagnostics at a point of care using miniaturized biosensors. However, the identity of the specific VOC biomarkers must be demonstrated before designing and fabricating sensing systems. Through an extensive series of experiments, VOCs in urine are profiled by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify biomarkers for breast cancer using murine models. The results from these experiments indicated that unique classes of urinary VOCs, primarily terpene/terpenoids and carbonyls, are potential biomarkers of breast cancer. Through implementing chemometric approaches, unique panels of VOCs were identified for breast cancer detection, identifying tumor location, determining the efficacy of dopaminergic antitumor treatments, and tracking cancer progression. Other diseases, including COVID-19 and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) were also probed to identify volatile biomarkers present in breath samples. VOC biomarker identification is an important step toward developing portable gas sensors, but another hurdle that exists is that current sensors lack selectivity toward specific VOCs of interest. Furthermore, testing sensors for sensitivity and selectivity is an extensive process as VOCs must be tested individually because the sensors do not have modes of chromatographic separation or compound identification. Another set of experiments is presented to demonstrate that SPME fibers can be coated with materials, used to extract standard solutions of VOCs, and analyzed by GC-MS to determine the performance of various gas sensing layers. In the first of these experiments, polyetherimide (PEI) was coated onto a SPME fiber and compared to commercial polyacrylate (PAA) fibers. The second experiment tuned the extraction efficiency of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) - carbon black (CB) composites and showed that they had higher sensitivity for urinary VOC extraction relative to a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) SPME fiber. These results demonstrate SPME GC-MS can rapidly characterize and tune the VOC adsorption capabilities of gas sensing layers. </p> Analytical spectrometry Bioassays Metabolomic chemistry Separation science Volatile Carbonyl Compounds gas chromatography Mass Spectrometric Analysis biomarker discovery research
22	Analýza složení samčího sexuálního feromonu různých populací tropické ovocné mušky Ceratitis capitata (Diptera, Tephritidae) / Analysis of male sex pheromone of different population of tropic fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera, Tephritidae) Ježková, Zuzana January 2012 (has links) The Ceratitis capitata is a very important agricultural pest, whose reproduction behaviour is controled by chemical signals. Males initiate mating by creating leks, where they release sexual pheromones to attract females. The main goal of this diploma thesis was to determine the influence of host plants on the composition of male sex-pheromones C. capitata and to compare emanations of wild males with those originating from laboratory population. We studied the chemical composition of volatiles, released by calling males C. capitata from laboratory and two wild populations, using two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection (GC×GC-TOFMS), gas chromatography with electroantennographic and flame ionization detection (GC-EAD-FID). All data were statistically analyzed by multivariate data analyses. Significant differences were observed in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the chemical emanations among males from the three populations. The GC-EAD-FID analyses revealed fourteen antenally active compounds with a possible behavioral function. Isomenthone, geraniol, bornyl acetate, geranyl acetone and ethyl octanoate were newly identified antenally active compounds of C. capitata male sex pheromone. Statistical analyses indicated that males and females of...
23	Bildgebung und chemische Analytik mit Laserdesorptions-Massenspektrometrie im Bereich Forensik und Astrophysik / Imaging and Chemical Analysis with Laser Desorption Mass Spectrometry in Forensics and Astrophysics Beinsen, Alexander 21 June 2011 (has links) No description available. 540 Chemie Chemistry Laserdesorption Massenspektrometrie Flüssigstrahl Mikro-Jet IR-Laser VUV-Laser Enceladus Cassini Staubpartikel Saturn MALDI-MS MSI LDI Fingerspuren Fingerabdrücke Massenspektrometrische Bildgebung laser desorption mass spectrometry liquid jet micro-jet IR-laser VUV-laser Enceladus Cassini dust particles Saturn MALDI-MS MSI LDI fingermarks fingerprints mass spectrometric imaging 35.26 35.23 39.53 39.99 86.41 44.72 SD 000: Physikalische Chemie TGG 655: Saturnmonde {Astronomie} SIL 000: Laser-Chemie {Strahlungschemie} MED 590: Rechtsmedizin RO 000: Plasmaphysik

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