Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-143). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-143).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Department of History, August 2000. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

This essay investigates the potential educational mismatch of immigrants compared to natives concerning the Swedish labor market. The data is collected from the European Social Survey between 2002-2014. Our results show that immigrants tend to be more overeducated than natives. Our results also indicate that more recent cohorts are more likely to be overeducated compared to cohorts that have lived for a longer time period in Sweden. Disparities in language and country specific skills but also if a person belong to an ethnic minority are reasons for why these mismatches occur.

Several studies conducted on home advantage in sport have focused on game location and performance outcome. The purpose of this study was to examine three components of home advantage, such as the effect that game location has on self-efficacy, a critical psychological state, and assertive play, a critical behavioral state. Participants (N = 21) from one mid-sized, midwest, Division I soccer program completed the Modified State Sport-Confidence Inventory (MSSCI) prior to six home conference games and six away conference games. In addition, all 12-conference games were observed and coded according to four assertive behaviors of soccer players. Data were analyzed using a permutation test and Spearman's Rho with a level of significance set at .05. Results indicated there was no significant difference in self-efficacy between home and away games and no significant difference in assertive play between home and away games. No significance relationship was found for self-efficacy and assertive play. Possible limitations along with recommendations for the future are discussed. / School of Physical Education

Des Astres é um conjunto de investigações artísticas ancorado nas imagens de três adventos tecnológicos: a máquina de escrever, a guilhotina e os fósforos. Os trabalhos procuram abranger, de forma rizomática, aspectos da imprecisão do processo, arruinamento e dúvidas sobre a consistência da matéria. Des Astres é organizado sob a forma de um iceberg, uma ruína flutuante onde encontram-se nostalgicamente estes antigos objetos e que organiza e desencadeia elaborações surrealistas de justaposição de realidades distantes. / Des Astres is a set of artistic investigations anchored in images of three technological advents: the typewriter, the guillotine and the safety matches. The art works seek to address, in a rhizomatic way, the aspects of the imprecision of the process, ruination and doubts about the consistency of matter. Des Astres is organized under the form of an iceberg, as a floating ruin where nostalgically these ancient objects are , and triggers elaborations of surrealist juxtaposition of distant realities.

Des Astres é um conjunto de investigações artísticas ancorado nas imagens de três adventos tecnológicos: a máquina de escrever, a guilhotina e os fósforos. Os trabalhos procuram abranger, de forma rizomática, aspectos da imprecisão do processo, arruinamento e dúvidas sobre a consistência da matéria. Des Astres é organizado sob a forma de um iceberg, uma ruína flutuante onde encontram-se nostalgicamente estes antigos objetos e que organiza e desencadeia elaborações surrealistas de justaposição de realidades distantes. / Des Astres is a set of artistic investigations anchored in images of three technological advents: the typewriter, the guillotine and the safety matches. The art works seek to address, in a rhizomatic way, the aspects of the imprecision of the process, ruination and doubts about the consistency of matter. Des Astres is organized under the form of an iceberg, as a floating ruin where nostalgically these ancient objects are , and triggers elaborations of surrealist juxtaposition of distant realities.

Name: Analysis of external indicators of physical activity in professional football players Objectives: Find out the amount of movement load of professional football players using selected external indicators with regard to different player positions. At the same time, the aim of the work is to determine the ratio of training load between a microcycle and a championship match Methods: The research group consisted of 19 football players from a professional football club, their movement load was analyzed in 15 championship matches and 37 training units within eight weekly training microcycles. All data on the physical activity of players was recorded using a global portable system (GPS; Catapult Sports). The Hedges g factor was used to evaluate the significance of the differences between the two group ratios. Results: In the indicator of the total distance covered (CPV) in the match, the central defenders (10 131,1 ± 1588,7 m) did not differ significantly from other game positions, except for the central midfielders, who recorded the highest values (11 495,2 ± 533,3 m). On the contrary, the lowest values were reached in CPV by players in the position of external defenders (9 629,8 ± 1 380 m). In the indicator, the high-intensity running (> 18 km.h-1) in the match was covered by the longest distance...

Orthology detection is an important task within the context of genome an- notation, gene nomenclature, and the understanding of gene evolution. With the rapidly accelerating pace at which new genomes become available, highly efficient methods are urgently required. As demonstrated in a large body of literature, reciprocal best match (RBH) methods are reasonably accurate and scale to large data sets. Nevertheless, they are far from perfect and prone to both, false positive and false negative, orthology calls. This work gives a complete characterization of best match as well as reciprocal best match graphs (BMGs and RBMGs) that arise at the first step of RBH methods. While BMGs as well as RBMGs with at most three species can be recognized in polynomial time, RBMGs with more than three species have a surprisingly complicated structure and it remains an open problem whether there exist polynomial time algorithms for the recognition of these RBMGs. In contrast to RBMGs, for which many (often mutually inconsistent) least re- solved trees may exist, there is a unique least resolved tree for BMGs. This tree is a homeomorphic image of the true, but typically unknown, gene tree. Furthermore, in the absence of horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the reciprocal best match graph contains the orthology relation suggesting that RBMGs can only contain false positive but no false negative orthology assignments. Simu- lation scenarios reveal that so-called good quartets, a certain graph pattern on four vertices in BMGs, can be used to successfully identify almost all false pos- itive edges in RBMGs. Together with the existence of a unique least resolved tree, this suggests that BMGs contain a lot of valuable information for orthol- ogy inference that would be lost by exclusively considering RBMGs. These insights motivate to include additional BMG and RBMG editing steps in or- thology detection pipelines based on the presented theoretical insights. Moreover, a workflow is introduced to infer best matches from sequence data by retrieving quartet structures from local information instead of reconstructing the whole gene tree. A crucial prerequisite for this pipeline is the choice of suitable outgroups. However, the empirical simulations also reveal that HGT events cause strong deviations of the orthology relation from the RBMG as well as good quartets that are no longer associated with false positive orthologs, suggesting the need for further investigation of the xenology relation. The directed Fitch’s xenology relation is characterized in terms of forbidden 3-vertex subgraphs and moreover, a polynomial time algorithm for the recog- nition and the reconstruction of a unique least resolved tree is presented. The undirected Fitch relation, in contrast, is shown to be a complete multipartite graph, which does not provide any interesting phylogenetic information. In summary, the results of this work can be used to develop new methods for inferring orthology, paralogy, and HGT. They promise major improvements in the accuracy and the computational performance of RBH-based approaches.

No / In this study human color constancy was tested for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) setups with real objects and lights. Four different illuminant changes, a natural selection task and a wide choice of target colors were used. We found that color constancy was better when the target color was learned as a 3D object in a cue-rich 3D scene than in a 2D setup. This improvement was independent of the target color and the illuminant change. We were not able to find any evidence that frequently experienced illuminant changes are better compensated for than unusual ones. Normalizing individual color constancy hit rates by the corresponding color memory hit rates yields a color constancy index, which is indicative of observers¿ true ability to compensate for illuminant changes.