University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

Wong, Ying Chun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-78). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.I / Abstract --- p.II / 摘要 --- p.IV / List of Tables --- p.VI / List of Figures --- p.VII / List of Abbreviations --- p.VIII / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1 --- Chemical Constituents of Rhodiola Genus --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Phenylethyl Derivatives --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Phenylpropanoids --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Phenolic Derivatives --- p.11 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Flavonoids --- p.14 / Chapter 1.1.4.1 --- Flavone and Flavone Glycosides --- p.15 / Chapter 1.1.4.2 --- Flavonols and Their Glycosides --- p.17 / Chapter 1.1.4.3 --- Flavan-3-ol Derivatives --- p.23 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Monoterpenoids --- p.26 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Triterpenes --- p.30 / Chapter 1.1.7 --- Miscellaneous Compounds --- p.32 / Chapter 1.2 --- Biological Activities of Rhodiola Genus --- p.33 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Anti-oxidative Effect --- p.34 / Chapter 1.2.1.1 --- Protective Effect on Ischemia and Reperfusion --- p.34 / Chapter 1.2.1.2 --- Anti-Aging Effect --- p.35 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Learning and Memory --- p.36 / Chapter 1.2.3. --- Immune Response --- p.37 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Anti-cancer Effect --- p.38 / Chapter 1.3 --- Objective --- p.39 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Experimental --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1 --- General Experimental Procedures --- p.40 / Chapter 2.2 --- Plant Materials --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3 --- Extraction and Isolation --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Isolation and Purification of the Ethyl Acetate (E.A.) Fraction --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Isolation and Purification of the Butanol Fraction --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4 --- Characterization of the Isolated Compounds --- p.46 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- β-Sitosterol (1) --- p.46 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Tyrosol (2) --- p.46 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- trans-Hydroxycinnamic acid (3) --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Geranyl-β-glucopyranoside (4) --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Neryl-β-glucopyranoside (5) --- p.48 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Hexyl β-Glucopyranoside (6) --- p.48 / Chapter 2.4.7 --- Gallic Acid (7) --- p.49 / Chapter 2.4.8 --- Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (8) --- p.49 / Chapter 2.4.9 --- Rhodiolgin (9) --- p.50 / Chapter 2.4.10 --- lsolariciresinol-9-β-Glucopyranoside (10) --- p.51 / Chapter 2.4.11 --- Rhodiooctanoside (11) --- p.52 / Chapter 2.4.12 --- Sacranoside B (12) --- p.52 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results and Discussion --- p.53 / Chapter 3.1 --- Structural Determination of the Isolated Compounds --- p.53 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Identification of β-sitosterol (1) --- p.53 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Identification of Tyrosol (2) --- p.54 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Identification of trans-Hydroxycinnamic Acid (3) --- p.55 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Identification of Geranyl-jS-glucopyranoside (4) --- p.56 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Identification of Neryl-β-glucopyranoside (5) --- p.58 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Identification of Hexyl β-Glucopyranoside (6) --- p.59 / Chapter 3.1.7 --- Identification of Gallic Acid (7) --- p.60 / Chapter 3.1.8 --- Identification of (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate (8) --- p.61 / Chapter 3.1.9 --- Identification of Rhodiolgin (9) --- p.63 / Chapter 3.1.10 --- Identification of lsolariciresinol-9-β-glucopyranoside (10) --- p.65 / Chapter 3.1.11 --- Identification of Rhodiooctanoside (11) --- p.67 / Chapter 3.1.12 --- Identification of Sacranoside B (12) --- p.69 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.70 / References --- p.73

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences