Proefshrift--Groningen. / "Stellingen": [2] p. inserted. English, Latin and Old English. Parallel texts of MS 1: Lucca, Biblioteca Governativa, codex 296; MS Bo: Oxford, Bodleian Library, Bodley 130; MS V: London, British Museum, Cotton Vitellius C III; MS O: London, British Museum, Harley 6258 B. Bibliography: p. 147-150.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements of the Master’s Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2018. / Aim: The aim of this qualitative study was to determine the homeopathic symptomatology that would arise from a homeopathic drug proving of Anthropoides paradiseus 30CH after it was administered to healthy individuals and to compare the homeopathic symptomatology with selected avian remedies. These avian remedies were Corvus Corax, Acridotheres tristis, Peregrine eagle and Geococcyx californianus. Objectives : Objective 1 The first objective was to determine the proving symptomatology of Anthropoides paradiseus 30CH. This was done as a randomized, double blind placebo controlled homeopathic drug proving in the 30th Hahnemannian potency in 30 healthy volunteers of which 6 were on placebo. Objective 2 : To perform a comparative analysis with selected existing remedies, namely Corvus Corax (Raven), Acridotheres tristis (India myna), Peregrine eagle (Peregrine eagle) and Geococcyx californianus (Roadrunner) all in the avian group. Methodology : The homeopathic drug proving of Anthropoides paradiseus 30CH, was conducted as a double-blind placebo controlled randomized trial with thirty volunteers between the ages of 18 and 75 years old. Provers had a full homoeopathic case history and physical exam performed and thereafter they received their symptom recording journals and the test drug or placebo. Twenty-four of the volunteers received the verum powders whilst the remaining six were administered a placebo (ratio of 4:1). The double-blind design was employed; neither the supervisor, researcher nor the provers themselves knew who received the verum or placebo. The provers recorded their symptoms over a 5 week period. Provers began journaling one week before taking the active drug substance or placebo in order to establish their symptom baseline, and continued recording their symptoms for four weeks after having started the active drug or placebo regime. After the 5 weeks of recording their symptoms, the provers attended a follow-up consultation. After all the journals were collected from the provers, the extraction and collation of the data was conducted, and thereafter the data was presented in Materia Medica and repertory formats. The Results: The homoeopathic drug proving of Anthropoides paradiseus produced a variety of symptoms. The main symptoms belonged to both the mental/emotional and the physical sphere. The symptoms of the mental sphere of this remedy included anxiety, disorientation, mood swings and irritability. The characteristic physical symptoms includes polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, headaches, muscle pain and spasms, post-nasal drip, hay-fever, and bloating. Other possible uses might be for the treatment of chest pain, nausea and abdominal cramping. The comparative analysis of the selected avian remedies, namely Falco peregrinus, Corvus corax, Geococcyx californianus and Acridotheres tristis, and Anthropoides paradiseus revealed common mental emotional themes of detachment, a drugged or floating sensation and on the physical sphere the group analysis revealed the following common symptoms: numbness, obstruction, dryness and appetite fluctuations. The conclusion : It was discovered that Anthropoides paradiseus 30CH produced symptoms that can be used in the treatment of attention deficit disorder, mood swings, anxiety, pre-diabetes, hay fever, sinusitis, muscle pain and spasms, gastroenteritis and headaches. It was also determined that the remedy, according to the correlating themes, belonged to the AIDS miasm. The conclusion of the group comparison generated the following themes and symptoms: detachment, drugged sensation, restriction, neurological symptoms, obstruction, dryness and appetite fluctuations. / M

Mini-dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Durban University of Technology, 2010. / Introduction The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Acridotheres tristis 30CH on healthy volunteers (provers) and to record the clearly observable signs and symptoms produced, so that Acridotheres tristis 30CH may be prescribed according to the Law of Similars, as required by homoeopathy. Methodology The proving of Acridotheres tristis took the form of a randomised, placebocontrolled trial on 30 healthy volunteers who met inclusion criteria. The 30th centesimal potency of the tail feather was administered as lactose powders and fifty percent of provers were randomly administered an identical placebo-control substance. The collection of the data from the provers took the form of a journal in which each prover‟s symptoms were recorded for six weeks, including a one-week observation period prior to taking the powders, and a proving period of five weeks after administration of powders. On completion of the proving, each journal was assessed by the researcher to determine the suitability of the recorded symptoms for inclusion in the materia medica of Acridotheres tristis. These symptoms were then translated into the language of the materia medica and repertory and the remedy picture then formulated. Data from case histories, physical examinations and group discussions were also taken into account during the analysis of the proving symptoms. Results The homoeopathic drug proving of Acridotheres tristis, conducted as a doubleiii blind, randomised and placebo-controlled study produced a wide range of symptoms. In the collated edited data arising from the proving 396 journal entries were extracted and 595 rubrics in total were formulated, of which 56 rubrics were new. The main symptoms belonging to the mental and emotional spheres of this remedy include depression, anxiety, memory weakness and isolation accompanied by a need for solitude. The characteristic physical symptoms include headaches, dizziness, extreme fatigue, skin eruptions especially pimples and rashes, haemorrhoids, numbness and severe dysmenorrhoea. Other symptoms indicate a possible use in the treatment of gastro-intestinal complaints which include nausea, abdominal cramps, abdominal distention and heartburn. Conclusion The investigation supported the hypothesis that Acridotheres tristis would produce clearly observable signs and symptoms in healthy volunteers. It is essential that the proving symptoms be verified and expanded through clinical trials and further provings of Acridotheres tristis in various potencies, so that it becomes well-utilized remedy in the future.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements of the Master’s Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Department of Homepathy, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2015. / Introduction This study was a double-blind, placebo controlled proving of Panthera leo 30CH (claw of a African lioness); the aim being to determine the effect of this substance induces on healthy persons and in doing do explore the homoeopathic therapeutic potential thereof, in addition a subsequent comparison with the provings of Lac leoninum (milk of a lioness) (Sankaran,1998) (Herrick,1998) was performed. Objectives The primary objective of this proving was to determine the effect that Panthera leo 30 CH on healthy provers so that the therapeutic potential of the substance could be determined. The secondary objective was to compare the Materia medica of Panthera leo with that of Lac leoninum (Herrick, 1998) and Sankaran (1998). Lastly, the third objective was to further develop the homoeopathic Materia medica by adding the remedy picture of Panthera leo. Methodology The drug proving of Panthera leo was conducted as a randomized, exploratory, double blind placebo controlled study. Thirty participants (healthy volunteers) who met the inclusion criteria (Appendix B) participated in the proving, twenty – four were given the verum and the remaining six placebo. Upon obtaining written informed consent the researcher performed a full case history and comprehensive physical examination on each prover before commencement of the proving. A subsequent follow up case history and physical examination at the end of the proving was also performed to establish whether provers had returned to their respective healthy states. The provers took their first dose of the proving remedy at a dosage of 1 dose three times daily for 2 days and recorded all symptoms they experienced in their respective journals according to the guidelines in Appendix C. On completion of the proving, all provers handed in their journals which were then transcribed, assessed and analyzed. An extensive comparison between the proving of Panthera leo and the two provings of Lac leoninum (Herrick, 1998) (Sankaran, 1998) followed. The respective remedies were compared and contrasted with respect to Materia medica and repertory and similarities and differences highlighted. Results A total of 1255 rubrics were obtained of which the mind section of the Materia medica weighed heavily comprising 35 % (435 rubrics) of the proving symptoms, the generals section (11% = 135 rubrics) and head section (9% = 109 rubrics) respectively. Therefore it can be suggested that this remedy’s sphere of action is limited largely to the mind (emotional state) however unique physical indications specifically regarding headaches are also within its sphere of action. Of the total, 1255 rubrics that were obtained only 11% (138 rubrics) where shared with the two other provings of the African lion (Herrick 1998 & Sankaran 1998); as suggested by Naude (2011) one can speculate that these shared symptoms may represent the unique mammalian component of the animal the differences however considerably outweigh the similarities between these provings and for this reason one can conclude that factors in addition to the species of animal from which the remedy is sourced further influence the resultant proving symptoms. Conclusion It can be concluded that Panthera leo 30CH produced clearly observable symptoms in healthy provers who participated in this proving, furthermore there was clear congruency between certain aspects of this proving and that of Herrick and Sankaran however such similarities were limited.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements of the Master’s Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Department of Homeopathy, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2015. / INTRODUCTION A homoeopathic drug proving was conducted by Master’s students at the Durban University of Technology (DUT). The proving substance was nail shavings obtained from an African lioness (Panthera leo). The primary objective of this study was to identify the symptoms produced by healthy individuals in response to Panthera leo 30CH; this was done by administering the proving remedy (Panthera leo 30CH) to healthy individuals, who recorded the symptoms they experienced after taking the remedy. The secondary objective was to compare the symptoms produced to the ethology of the African lion. The final objective was to further develop the materia medica by adding the remedy picture of Panthera leo. METHODOLOGY This study was qualitative and exploratory in nature. The study took the form of a randomised, double-blind and placebo controlled trial. A total of 30 provers, who met the inclusion criteria (Appendix C), participated in this study. The provers were randomly assigned to either a verum or placebo group, such that 24 received verum (Panthera leo) and 6 received placebo. Neither provers nor researchers had knowledge of which provers were in each group until the study was complete, and provers did not have any knowledge regarding the nature of the proving substance. Before commencing the study all provers signed relevant information and consent documents. The researcher then took a full case history and performed a physical examination. Provers recorded their baseline state for 7 days in a journal, prior to taking the verum or placebo, as administered to them. After recording their baseline state for 7 days, they took their remedies and continued to record their symptoms for a minimum of 2 weeks, or until the proving symptoms ceased. Once they had completed recording in their journals, a post-proving case history was taken and a physical examination was performed. All journals were collected and analysed by the researcher. The remedy was manufactured by triturating the crude substance up to the 3rd centesimal potency. This was then converted to a liquid potency and further diluted up to the 30th centesimal potency. Neutral granules were impregnated with Panthera leo 30CH, and dispensed as 10 granules in 500mg of lactose powder. The placebo was dispensed as 10 granules, which were impregnated with 96% ethanol, in 500mg lactose powder. Each prover received 6 lactose powders, containing either verum or placebo. The manufacture of Panthera leo was done according to the methods and guidelines stipulated in the German Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia (Benyunes, 2005) RESULTS The proving of Panthera leo 30CH produced a total of 1234 rubrics, which represent a wide variety of mental, emotional and physical symptoms. The main themes that emerged from the mental and emotional symptoms included anger, aggression, irritability, poor concentration and fear. Physical symptoms included catarrh, constipation, diarrhoea, diminished appetite, fatigue, insomnia, thirstiness and headaches. A comparison was made between the symptomatology of Panthera leo and the ethology of the lion. Some of the themes of symptoms which corresponded with the ethology of the lion included ‘anger’, ‘audacity’, ‘ennui’, ‘increased appetite and thirst’, ‘responsibilities’ and ‘children’. CONCLUSION The objectives of this study were fulfilled, as the proving of Panthera leo produced a wide variety of clearly identifiable and observable symptoms amongst the healthy individuals recruited. There was a remarkable correlation of a portion of the materia medica with the ethological features of the African lion. As a result of this study, the materia medica of Panthera leo was well outlined and will be added to the existing body of homoeopathic materia medica for application and utilization in clinical practice

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements of the Master’s Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2018. / When one thinks of a homoeopathic proving one is overwhelmed with the idea of a well-defined and revised linear structured process governing a select group of participants of various racial, sex and age variation, spanning a period of time no shorter than a month with strict parameters for optimum perception of experience. One anticipates the result being a compendium of thoughts and actions and processes constructive and destructive, all documented and confined to a small black book carried and completed by the prover and assembled meticulously by the researcher guided through the experienced hand of the research supervisor. This research followed this impeccable oft repeated and fine-tuned standard. This research seeks to reinforce the efficacy of the established proving process by utilising the methodology as a guide to maximally elicit the numerous symptoms of a new unproved substance of a kingdom that has yet to truly be explored, understood, and conquered. Aim The true goal of this research is that through learning and understanding and growing one develops and seeks new avenues of cure in the homoeopathic profession, which is ultimately to the benefit of a fledgling developing science, and to humanity, with the aim of activating a true cure. The topic being investigated is a homoeopathic proving of Carcharhinus leucas 30CH followed by a subsequent comparison to the Doctrine of Signatures. The idea behind this topic was a colleague and co-researcher’s interest with the shark species which then developed into a passion and has, through diligence and timeous effort of both researchers, led to a new avenue of understanding and a wealth of ideas in terms of a possible cure. The sea kingdom itself although rich and bountiful in species of sea inhabitants and vegetation has been a scarce source of homoeopathic remedies with few major remedies being derived from this abundant reservoir. This study, then, can help fill this gap. Methodology On initiating any new proving the methodology has to be of the strictest standard. The process has to be simple, clearly defined, and easily followable, so that the symptoms produced are clear and well defined to provide the best possible materia medica. This can then serve as a strong base for reference and further study and experimentation in clinical practice, as well as a basis for variations of the proving to seek different answers. The proving process followed a standard procedure to regulate the process to provide an optimum environment for the extraction of symptoms for defining a materia medica. The study was a double-blind placebo controlled clinical homoeopathic proving with a sample of 30 provers in good health. On completion of the proving a further task of comparing the proving results to the Doctrine of Signatures was undertaken to reaffirm the knowledge gained through the proving process. Result All of which, after assembly, has resulted in another homoeopathic materia medica production, an Iliad overflowing in new knowledge to propel a generation of homoeopaths in a progressive direction of further enlightenment and, Allah willing, greater curative capacity / M

Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Technikon Natal, 1999. / The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of the thirtieth centesimal (30 CH) potency of the venom of Bitis arietans arietans (the Puffadder) on healthy individuals in order to elucidate the totality of morbid symptoms produced by the drug, so that it may be prescribed according to the Law of Similars, as required by homoeopathic science. It was hypothesised that the 30 CH potency of Bitis arietans arietans would produce clearly observable symptoms and signs in healthy volunteers. / M

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements of the Master’s Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2018. / Introduction The aim of this study was to conduct a homoeopathic proving of Carcharhinus leucas in the thirtieth centesimal potency (30CH) and to subsequently establish and describe the symptomatology in standard materia medica format and then compare this symptomatology to Galeocerdo cuvier hepar 30CH. Methodology The homoeopathic proving of Carcharhinus leucas 30CH was conducted at the Durban University of Technology and was accomplished by means of a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. Carcharhinus leucas 30CH was manufactured by the researchers according to Method 6, Method 8a and 10 of the German Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia (Benyunes, 2005: 36-39). The homoeopathic proving was conducted in the form of a double blind placebo controlled study of Carcharhinus leucas 30CH with a total of 30 healthy provers. The prover sample was divided into two groups by a process of randomisation. Twenty four provers (80%) comprised the verum group and the remaining 6 provers (20%) comprised the placebo group. The identity of the proving substance and the potency used was not disclosed to provers. Provers documented their physical, mental and emotional status for one week preceding the administration of the proving remedy. A comprehensive physical examination and case history of every prover was taken before and after the proving period. Provers were instructed to ingest one powder three times a day for two days but were told to discontinue the powders once symptoms arose. The duration of the proving spanned 6 weeks and throughout the proving process, researchers were in constant communication with all the participants. Upon completion of the proving process, journals were collected and the information therein was translated into materia medica and repertory format. This was done in order to acquire the remedy picture of Carcharhinus leucas 30CH. Thereafter, the symptomatology of Carcharhinus leucas 30CH was compared to the symptomatology of Galeocerdo cuvier hepar 30CH. Results The proving of Carcharhinus leucas 30CH produced a total of 590 already existing rubrics and 43 new rubrics. The majority of these rubrics were located in the MIND (127), GENERALS (64), HEAD (55), EXTREMITIES (50), and EYE (34). In regard to the mind, prominent features were apparent such as anger, anxiety, cheerfulness, an aversion or amelioration within company, difficulty concentrating or increased focus, varying delusions and fears and irritability. Pertaining to the head, headaches were evident with varying concomitants and modalities, with headaches predominantly affecting the forehead and sides. Sensations included dryness, heat, heaviness, perspiration and shaking. The extremities displayed symptoms primarily in the forearms, legs and thighs and sensations included paralysis, shaking, swelling and weakness. In regard to the eye, eye pain with multiple modalities were apparent, with symptoms related to the canthi and eyelids. Sensations included heat, heaviness, inflammation, itching and photophobia as well as a visible discolouration of the eye. Analysis of the results presented an understanding of the similarities and differences between Carcharhinus leucas 30CH and Galeocerdo cuvier hepar 30CH. Conclusion As hypothesised, it was evident that administering Carcharhinus leucas 30CH to healthy individuals did yield observable symptomatology. Additionally, it was apparent that various correlations between Carcharhinus leucas 30CH and Galeocerdo cuvier hepar 30CH existed / M