Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-17T18:37:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RUDÁ ARANHA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEM) 2017.pdf: 11257254 bytes, checksum: 2d827010d52a9ce6d3f05b9ddf1bf617 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T18:37:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RUDÁ ARANHA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEM) 2017.pdf: 11257254 bytes, checksum: 2d827010d52a9ce6d3f05b9ddf1bf617 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-30 / Os materiais compósitos são sinônimos de boas propriedades mecânicas associadas a baixo peso estrutural com vasta aplicação na área da engenharia. A partir dos avanços tecnológicos e da necessidade de desenvolvimento de novos materiais, torná-los multifuncionais surge como interesse imediato. O método mais simples para conferir multifuncionalidade a um compósito é através da introdução de inserts nos compósitos antes de sua fabricação, conferindo-os as mais variadas características, sendo importante entender as consequências geradas a partir do uso dos inserts no processamento das placas. O estudo experimental do escoamento de resina através da pré-forma e os efeitos recorrentes devido à adição dos inserts impermeáveis aos compósitos durante o processo de Moldagem por Transferência de Resina (RTM) são os objetivos deste trabalho. Neste trabalho, foram utilizados reforço de tecido de fi bra de vidro e matriz de resina poliéster na composição de placas de material compósito com dimensões de 250x250x14 mm3 com 1 e 9 inserts impermeáveis de polietileno com dimensões de 50x50x4 mm3, processadas pelos métodos de RTM Light e VARTM para futura aplicação estrutural e/ou balística. Como esperado, a introdução de inserts na pré-forma causou distúrbio no escoamento da resina durante os processamentos, sendo evidenciadas regiões super ciais em algumas das placas, acima dos inserts, onde as bras não foram molhadas. Ao fim dos processamentos foram observadas variações nas espessura das placas, sendo esta uma consequência da compactação das fi bras devido à presença dos inserts. Também foi identi cada a movimentação dos inserts quando os pontos de entrada e saída foram posicionados em planos diferentes no molde. Tal movimentação foi evitada a partir da fixação dos inserts em uma tela antes do processamento. Com o corte das placas, regiões ricas em resina próximas às laterais dos inserts foram observadas, sendo esta uma consequência do mecanismo de afastamento das fibras devido à presença dos inserts. Assim, 4 zonas foram identifi cadas nos compósitos com inserts impermeáveis embebidos. Por fim,nos ensaios de flexão em 3 pontos, falhas de delaminação por cisalhamento tipo II foram identi cadas nos corpos de prova. / Composite materials are synonymous with good mechanical properties associated with low structural weight and have a great variety of applications in the engineering area. Taking into account technological advances and the necessity to develop new materials, make them multifunctional appears as immediate interest. The simplest method to confer multifunctionality to a composite is through the introduction of inserts into the composites, giving them the most varied characteristics. It is important to understand how these inserts will a ect the fabrication process and the structural characterization of the material. The experimental analysis of the ow through the preform and the effects due to the addition of the impermeable inserts to the composite during the process of Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) are the objectives of this work. In this work, reinforcement of glass ber fabric and polyester resin matrix was used in the composition of 250x250x14 mm3 composite materials sheets with 1 and 9 polyethylene impermeable inserts with dimensions of 50x50x4 mm3, processed by the RTM Light and VARTM methods for future structural and/or ballistic application. As expected, introduction of inserts into the preform caused disturbances in resinow during processing, with surface regions in some of the plates above the inserts where the bers were not wetted. At the end of the processing, variations in the thickness of the plates were observed, being this a consequence of the bercompaction due to the presence of the inserts. The movement of the inserts was also identi ed when the resininlet and outlet were positioned on di erent planes in the mold. the inserts movimentation was prevented from attaching the inserts to a mesh before the processing.With the cutting of the plates, resin-rich regions close to the sides of the inserts were observed, which is a consequence of the mechanism of ber spacing due to the presence of the inserts. Thus, 4 zones were identi ed in the composites with embedded impermeable inserts. Finally, in the 3-point bending tests, delamination failures for shear mode II were identi ed in the specimens.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:57:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WilliamFQ.pdf: 3530709 bytes, checksum: e7ebfa713499f96e35732090f0094f3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-07 / The manufacture of prostheses for lower limb amputees (transfemural and transtibial) requires the preparation of a cartridge with appropriate and custom fit to the profile of each patient. The traditional process to the patients, mainly in public hospitals in Brazil, begins with the completion of a form where types of equipment, plugins, measures, levels of amputation etc. are identified. Currently, such work is carried out manually using a common metric tape and caliper of wood to take the measures of the stump, featuring a very rudimentary, and with a high degree of uncertainty geometry of the final product. To address this problem, it was necessary to act in two simultaneously and correlated directions. Originally, it was developed an integrated tool for viewing 3D CAD for transfemoral types of prostheses and transtibial called OrtoCAD I. At the same time, it was necessary to design and build a reader Mechanical equipment (sort of three-dimensional scanner simplified) able to obtain, automatically and with accuracy, the geometric information of either of the stump or the healthy leg. The methodology includes the application of concepts of reverse engineering to computationally generate the representation of the stump and/or the reverse image of the healthy member. The materials used in the manufacturing of prostheses nor always obey to a technical scientific criteria, because, if by one way it meets the criteria of resistance, by the other, it brings serious problems mainly due to excess of weight. This causes to the user various disorders due to lack of conformity. That problem was addressed with the creation of a hybrid composite material for the manufacture of cartridges of prostheses. Using the Reader Fitter and OrtoCAD, the new composite material, which aggregates the mechanical properties of strength and rigidity on important parameters such as low weight and low cost, it can be defined in its better way. Besides, it brings a reduction of up steps in the current processes of manufacturing or even the feasibility of using new processes, in the industries, in order to obtain the prostheses. In this sense, the hybridization of the composite with the combination of natural and synthetic fibers can be a viable solution to the challenges offered above / A fabrica??o de pr?teses para amputados de membros inferiores (transfemural e transtibial) exige a confec??o de um cartucho com encaixe adequado e personalizado ao perfil de cada paciente. O processo tradicional de atendimento a pacientes, principalmente, em hospitais p?blicos no Brasil, inicia-se com o preenchimento de uma ficha onde s?o identificados os n?veis de amputa??o, tipos de equipamentos, encaixes, medidas etc. Atualmente, esse trabalho ? realizado de forma manual utilizando-se fitas m?tricas comuns e paqu?metro de madeira para tomada das medidas do coto caracterizando um trabalho bastante rudimentar, e com um alto grau de incerteza geom?trica do produto final. Para abordar esse problema foi necess?rio partir em duas dire??es simult?neas e correlatas. Inicialmente desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta integrada CAD de visualiza??o 3D para pr?teses dos tipos transfemoral e a transtibial denominado OrtoCAD I. Ao mesmo tempo em que se fez necess?rio projetar e construir um equipamento Leitor Mec?nico (esp?cie de scanner tridimensional simplificado) capaz de obter, automaticamente e com acuracidade, as informa??es geom?tricas do coto ou da perna sadia. A metodologia inclui a aplica??o de conceitos de engenharia reversa para gerar computacionalmente a representa??o do coto e/ou a imagem reversa do membro sadio. Os materiais usados na fabrica??o dessas pr?teses nem sempre obedecem a um crit?rio t?cnico cientifico, pois se por um lado atende ao crit?rio de resist?ncia por outro traz s?rios problemas devido principalmente ao excesso de peso. Isso causa diversos transtornos ao usu?rio devido ? falta de conformidade. Esse problema foi abordado com a cria??o de um material comp?sito hibrido para fabrica??o de cartuchos de pr?teses. Com o uso do Leitor Mec?nico e do OrtoCAD I o novo material comp?sito, que agrega as propriedades mec?nicas de resist?ncia e rigidez com par?metros importantes como baixo peso e baixo custo, pode ser dimensionado de forma correta. Alem disso consegue-se uma redu??o de etapas nos atuais processos de fabrica??o ou at? mesmo a viabilidade de uso de novos processos, no ?mbito industrial, na obten??o das pr?teses. Neste sentido, a hibridiza??o do comp?sito com a combina??o entre fibras sint?ticas e naturais pode ser uma solu??o vi?vel aos desafios propostos acima

The main objective of the work was to perform a computational analysis of the hybrid (steel-composite) carrier and compare the results with the original metal carrier. Static analysis, modal analysis and frequency response were solved. Computation was performed for three different relative positions of the carrier. Static stiffness, natural frequencies and dynamic compliance have been calculated. The results were verified by an experiment performed on a scaled-down model of the carrier. Modern software products, namely MSC Patran, MD Nastran, Matlab and ProENGINEER, were used for the calculation.

This diploma thesis deals with selection, design and creation of new education materials for high school teacher supporting webpage www.studiumchemie.cz. The selection of the proper theme was done on the basis of research and evaluation of recent materials on the mentioned webpage and materials created at the Department of chemical education of Faculty of Science of Charles University in Prague. Preliminarily, the themes of synthetic macromolecular materials and new materials were selected. The convenience of the selected themes was confirmed by research and evaluation concerned to the preliminarily selected theme of recent high school textbooks and webpages. Consequently, educational materials in the form of PowerPoint presentations, websites, worksheets, tests, games and experiments focused on the themes of synthetic macromolecular substances and new materials were created. Materials were processed in accordance with the Framework Education Programme for Secondary General Education (Grammar Schools) as well as in accordance with the requirements of the Catalogue of graduation exam requirements from chemistry. The PowerPoint presentation and the webpage on synthetic macromolecular materials were roughly evaluated by group of teachers and the results of the evaluation are also part of the thesis....