Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:34:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

A complexidade do mercado competitivo e globalizado impulsiona as empresas na busca de otimização dos processos, redução de custos e obtenção de ganhos de escala, não somente na produção, mas também nas áreas de apoio como Compras e Logística. A gestão da cadeia de suprimentos se insere no centro das atenções destas organizações, por representar um diferencial competitivo e fator de oportunidade de crescimento eficiente, no mercado de produtos e serviços local e global. Neste contexto, é importante desencadear relações duradouras entre clientes e fornecedores e, portanto, a gestão de suprimentos deve ser priorizada como um sistema capaz de agregar valor às organizações. Aliado a este enfoque, esta dissertação teve como objetivo analisar os critérios na decisão de suprir globalmente ou desenvolver cadeia local de suprimento, no Grupo Marcopolo. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso qualitativo em três empresas de diferentes países, Brasil, México e Colômbia, tendo como referencial a Matriz de Kraljic. Os critérios mais impactantes identificados como competitividade, disponibilidade interna, qualidade dos produtos, risco de suprimento e impacto na lucratividade. Os desafios mais contundentes são as diferenças culturais, conhecimento dos mercados e poder de negociação restrito perante os grandes fornecedores. A classificação dos materiais comprados está em fase de aperfeiçoamento, porém a segregação de decisão por Criticidade (de aparência, segurança, funcional e de qualidade), Complexidade, Variabilidade, Padronização e Design próprio pode ser constatada. As empresas pesquisadas têm autonomia de compra, mas as estratégias corporativas interferem de maneira efetiva nestas decisões. Os resultados desta pesquisa servirão de direcionador para as empresas analisarem as deficiências, explorarem as oportunidades emergentes e dar suporte e embasamento às decisões das empresas, que se aventurarem ao global sourcing ou buscarem novas fontes de suprimento, na obtenção de vantagens competitivas e fazer frente aos concorrentes mundiais. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2016-02-19T16:44:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Rosa Maria Sartor.pdf: 119651 bytes, checksum: 04b3b5a95ccc462fe212ac8fc692b41f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-19T16:44:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Rosa Maria Sartor.pdf: 119651 bytes, checksum: 04b3b5a95ccc462fe212ac8fc692b41f (MD5) / The complexity of the globalized and competitive market leads the companies to the search for the optimization of processes, costs reduction and achievement of economies of scale, not only in production but also in support areas, such as Purchasing and Logistics. The supply chain management, therefore, is in the center of attention of these organizations, for representing a competitive advantage and efficient growth opportunity factor, both in local and global market of products and services. In this context, it is important to develop longterm relationships between customers and suppliers and, for this purpose, supply management should be prioritized as a system capable of adding value to organizations. Allied to this approach, this project aimed on analyzing the criteria in the decision of supplying globally or developing a local supply chain at Marcopolo Group. For this reason, it was developed a study of a qualitative case in three companies of different countries, Brazil, Mexico and Colombia, having the Kraljic Matrix, as a reference. In order to achieve this goal, the most relevant criteria, such as competitivity, internal availability, quality of products, supply risk and impacts on lucrativity, were developed. The most significant challenges are the cultural differences, knowledge of markets and restrict negotiation power with big suppliers. The classification of the material purchased is under improvement, but the segregation of decision by Criticity (appearance, safety, functional and quality), Complexity, Variability, Standardization and Customized Design can be already noticed. The researched companies have autonomy for purchasing, but the corporate strategies have an effective impact on these decisions. The findings of this project might be used to guide the companies on the analysis of their deficiencies, exploitation of emergent opportunities and for support to the decisions of the companies that might venture into global sourcing or seek new supply sources, obtaining competitive advantages and, in this way, being prepared to face global competitors.

A complexidade do mercado competitivo e globalizado impulsiona as empresas na busca de otimização dos processos, redução de custos e obtenção de ganhos de escala, não somente na produção, mas também nas áreas de apoio como Compras e Logística. A gestão da cadeia de suprimentos se insere no centro das atenções destas organizações, por representar um diferencial competitivo e fator de oportunidade de crescimento eficiente, no mercado de produtos e serviços local e global. Neste contexto, é importante desencadear relações duradouras entre clientes e fornecedores e, portanto, a gestão de suprimentos deve ser priorizada como um sistema capaz de agregar valor às organizações. Aliado a este enfoque, esta dissertação teve como objetivo analisar os critérios na decisão de suprir globalmente ou desenvolver cadeia local de suprimento, no Grupo Marcopolo. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso qualitativo em três empresas de diferentes países, Brasil, México e Colômbia, tendo como referencial a Matriz de Kraljic. Os critérios mais impactantes identificados como competitividade, disponibilidade interna, qualidade dos produtos, risco de suprimento e impacto na lucratividade. Os desafios mais contundentes são as diferenças culturais, conhecimento dos mercados e poder de negociação restrito perante os grandes fornecedores. A classificação dos materiais comprados está em fase de aperfeiçoamento, porém a segregação de decisão por Criticidade (de aparência, segurança, funcional e de qualidade), Complexidade, Variabilidade, Padronização e Design próprio pode ser constatada. As empresas pesquisadas têm autonomia de compra, mas as estratégias corporativas interferem de maneira efetiva nestas decisões. Os resultados desta pesquisa servirão de direcionador para as empresas analisarem as deficiências, explorarem as oportunidades emergentes e dar suporte e embasamento às decisões das empresas, que se aventurarem ao global sourcing ou buscarem novas fontes de suprimento, na obtenção de vantagens competitivas e fazer frente aos concorrentes mundiais. / The complexity of the globalized and competitive market leads the companies to the search for the optimization of processes, costs reduction and achievement of economies of scale, not only in production but also in support areas, such as Purchasing and Logistics. The supply chain management, therefore, is in the center of attention of these organizations, for representing a competitive advantage and efficient growth opportunity factor, both in local and global market of products and services. In this context, it is important to develop longterm relationships between customers and suppliers and, for this purpose, supply management should be prioritized as a system capable of adding value to organizations. Allied to this approach, this project aimed on analyzing the criteria in the decision of supplying globally or developing a local supply chain at Marcopolo Group. For this reason, it was developed a study of a qualitative case in three companies of different countries, Brazil, Mexico and Colombia, having the Kraljic Matrix, as a reference. In order to achieve this goal, the most relevant criteria, such as competitivity, internal availability, quality of products, supply risk and impacts on lucrativity, were developed. The most significant challenges are the cultural differences, knowledge of markets and restrict negotiation power with big suppliers. The classification of the material purchased is under improvement, but the segregation of decision by Criticity (appearance, safety, functional and quality), Complexity, Variability, Standardization and Customized Design can be already noticed. The researched companies have autonomy for purchasing, but the corporate strategies have an effective impact on these decisions. The findings of this project might be used to guide the companies on the analysis of their deficiencies, exploitation of emergent opportunities and for support to the decisions of the companies that might venture into global sourcing or seek new supply sources, obtaining competitive advantages and, in this way, being prepared to face global competitors.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:34:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Em instalações nucleares o controle do material nuclear é uma das atividades da maior importância. A Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN) e a Agencia Internacional de Energia Atomica (AIEA) quando de suas inspeções rotineiras tem os dados fornecidos como um fator de segurança. Ter um sistema de controle de material nuclear que permita a qualquer momento reportar a quantidade e a localização dos diversos itens a serem inspecionados é um fator de primordial importância nos dias de hoje. Neste trabalho objetivou-se aprimorar um sistema já existente utilizando para seu desenvolvimento uma plataforma mais amigável através da linguagem de programação VisualBasic (Microsoft Corporation) para facilitar a equipe de operação do Reator IEA-R1 o fornecimento de dados que possibilitem o melhor controle dos materiais nucleares do Reator IEA-R1. Esses dados tem permitido o desenvolvimento de trabalhos a serem apresentados em congressos nacionais ou internacionais bem como em dissertações de mestrado ou teses de doutorado. O programa foi desenvolvido para atender as exigências das normas de salvaguarda da CNEN e da AIEA, mas suas funções podem ser ampliadas conforme as necessidades futuras. Este sistema poderá ser utilizado em outros reatores que por ventura sejam contruidos no pais, pois é bem pratico e sua utilização permite um um controle efetivo sobre o material nuclear da instalação. / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

M.Ing. / This dissertation covers a literature survey of materials handling and plant layout in the steel fabrication environment. It covers some of the elements and principles of materials handling and how they interact with and influence the effective flow of materials in an operation. Some of the current materials handling methods and systems of a specific South African steel fabrication operation are then investigated. By using the information from the literature study, an evaluation is done on some of these handling methods and systems. The implementation of materials handling elements and principles is investigated in the form of a case study, by using methods proposed in the literature survey. This investigation identifies current materials handling problems in the steel fabrication environment. Recommendations are made that may aid the improvement of materials flow and production output in this particular steel fabrication operation.

M.Ing. (Engineering Management) / Projects are often outsourced to an external project management office that has to adapt and operate in a matrix style organisational structure. This project management office is then forced to follow the project management framework enforced by their clients, especially if these clients operate on a global, multinational business level. In such cases it is common practice that the project management office also has to follow a strict procurement approval process to ensure controlled project capital governance, which often results in project baseline schedule delays. The source of these project schedule delays may even cause conflict between the project management office, the respective project manager and their common clients. As part of the current research, various procurement transactions within such a project environment were tracked as a case study to validate the approval efficiency of all approval authorities within the procurement process itself. The duration for transaction approvals were tracked in order to compare it with existing service level agreements between the relevant stakeholders. The results obtained from the above study indicate that the actual procurement approval duration is misaligned with the theoretical and expected procurement approval duration, confirming that existing service level agreements should be aligned with more realistic deliverable expectations. The current research confirms that the organisational structure of this particular matrix style project environment and the way in which the procurement process is governed for transaction approval, have a direct negative impact on project deliverables; especially on the baseline schedule. The current research also confirms that the client organisation should be sensitive in how they structure their project organisational environment as over-governance of the procurement process can often result in unexpected schedule delays. This over-governance of the procurement process exposes various inefficiencies in the overall process, without necessarily enhancing overall project governance. The current research shows that restructuring of the procurement approval process could reduce the procurement approval duration, and present a more realistic service level agreement between the project stakeholders. This will allow the project manager to more accurately define his baseline project schedule and align all stakeholders’ project schedule expectations.

While wastage of materials has become a serious problem requiring urgent attention in the Nigerian Construction Industry, cost overrun is a problem, which affects 90 percent of the completed projects in the world; the argument on how to reduce/eliminate cost overrun has been on-going for the past 70 years; as the on-site wastage of materials leads to increases in the final project cost. Studies from different parts of the world have shown that construction-material waste represents a relatively large percentage of the production costs. Consequently, as a result of low levels of awareness, the Nigerian construction industry pays little attention to the effects of generated material waste on cost overruns. Thus, this research aimed to investigate the relationship between material waste and cost overrun in the Nigerian construction industry. A comprehensive review of the related literature revealed that all material waste causes are related to cost overrun causes at both pre-contract and post-contract stages of a project; but not vice versa. The mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) approach that is rooted in the positivist paradigm was adopted for this study. Abuja, the federal capital territory of Nigeria was the selected geographical scope of this research, out of which thirty-one (31) construction projects were purposeful selected (projects to the value of 100 million Rand/1.6 billion Naira and above).The research instrument was an interview guide used in conjunction with a tick box. Other sources of data included field investigation (measurement of onsite material waste) and the collection of archival records from bills of quantities, project records, and specifications. Analyses of the findings lead to the conclusion that a relationship exists between material waste and cost overrun; at the pre-contract and at the post-contract stages of a project. The implication is that an increase in material wastage on-site leads to a corresponding increase in the amount of cost overrun, regardless of the percentage allowance for material waste in the process of bill preparation. The study also concluded that the average percentage contribution of material waste to project-cost overruns is four (4) percent. Material-waste sources, causes, and control measures were found to have significant effects (very high, high, medium, low, and very low), in causing or minimising cost overruns at both pre-contract and post-contract stages of projects. The research has developed a conceptual model for the management of material waste and cost overruns in the construction industry based on the results and informed by the theoretical framework. The research has also developed a mathematical model for quantifying the amount of material waste to be generated by a project; as well as a mathematical equation for the effective management of material waste and cost overrun for projects. The study has achieved its aim of establishing an understanding of the issues leading to the relationship between material waste and cost overruns, as well as their management in the Nigerian construction industry. The study recommends that the management of material waste and cost overrun should be revised, based on the findings of this research and included as part of the procurement process. The mathematical models for quantification of onsite material waste, and the mathematical equation for managing material waste and cost overruns developed in the study, could be usefully adopted to improve management of material waste and cost overrun in the Nigerian construction industry.

A rather unique situation presents itself in the control off materials in the petroleum industry because of great areas to cover, diversified activities within those areas, and a multiplicity of operating units being served from the depot of supplies. It is the purpose of this paper to look into the particular problems of keeping an adequate system of stores records in the oil business. The control of materials and stores distributed from the field operating unit is of necessity achieved through the use or various forms or records written as evidence of transactions among the production units being served. The prime motive of using the forms is to facilitate the movement of goods to their destination within the unit served and to provide an accurate record of the materials received, stored, and distributed.

No description available.

A simulation model is developed in SLAM II to study and analyze conveyor systems.. The adequacy of the model is tested by applying it to a conveyor layout as well as some variant designs. 1he problem of modeling large systems is reduced by decomposing the system into smaller segments (subsystems). Different types of conveyors are considered. Programming modules are prepared for feasible conveyor types and segments. These simulation modules are integrated into a system. / Master of Science