Matrimonial property and obligations of the spouse This thesis analyses regulation of matrimonial property with an emphasis on its administration, scope and settlement. The main focus of this thesis is to analyse actual statutory regulation in context of actual case law of Czech Supreme Court, with special focus on institute of invalidity of juridical act, disputes in matters of administration and scope of matrimonial property as well as on intertemporality issue in matrimonial property law. Subject of this thesis is related to current development of Czech Supreme Court case law. Aside from introduction and conclusion, the thesis consists of five main chapters. In second chapter, the term and concept of matrimonial property in context of current statutory regulation and regulation of Civil Code 40/1964. Coll. is defined. Third chapter analyses matrimonial property regimes - statutory regime, contractual regime and regime established by a court decision with focus on detailed specification of scope in the statutory regime, with legislative proposal de lege ferenda. Final part of this chapter gives attention to disputes about the scope of matrimonial property with focus on immovables. Central as well as the most comprehensive part of the thesis is in the fourth chapter - administration of matrimonial...

Šiuo darbu siekiama atskleisti Katalikų Bažnyčios mokymą apie Santuokos sakramentą bei identifikuoti sužadėtinių požiūrį į Santuokos sakramentą X Šeimos centre. Darbe teigiama Katalikų Bažnyčios mokymo, tėvų vaidmens bei krikščioniško auklėjimo šeimoje įtaka sužadėtinių požiūriui į Santuokos sakramentą, taip pat įvardijamas visuomenės poveikis požiūriui į santuoką. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog iš tiesų didelį poveikį požiūriui į santuoką daro Katalikų Bažnyčios mokymas, krikščioniškas auklėjimas šeimoje bei visuomenės įtaka. Sužadėtiniai, patyrę atsakingą tėvų ir juos supančios aplinkos auklėjimą, patys atsakingiau žiūri į Santuokos sakramentą bei rimčiau prisiima atsakomybę už savo sprendimus ir jų pasekmes. Buvo teigiamai atsakyta ir į tyrimo klausimą: Ar sužadėtiniai X Šeimos centre pritaria bandomajai partnerystei? Dvi iš trijų porų pritaria, jog reikia iki santuokos pagyventi kartu, nes tai naudinga, „kad geriau vienas kitą pažintų ir priprastų“, „kad išmoktų kartu spręsti problemas“, „nes tai mažina skyrybų, po santuokos sudarymo, tikimybę“. Paaiškėjo ir tai, kad ne visos be Santuokos sakramento gyvenančios poros yra išties nusistatę prieš Santuokos sakramentą. Kartais taip yra todėl, kad kai kurie Katalikų Bažnyčios nariai arba visuomenė netinkamu pavyzdžiu (smerkimas, užuot analizavus situaciją, susituokusiųjų skyrybos ir kt.) juos atstumia ir jie lieka vieni su savo neatsakytais klausimais. Pagrindinės darbo išvados: Šventojo Rašto analizė atskleidė, kad Santuoka... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the research is to reveal the teaching of the Catholic Church on the Sacrament of Matrimony and to identify the attitude of the engaged couples towards the Sacrament of Matrimony in an X Family Centre. The paper justifies the positive influence, of the teaching of the Catholic Church, the role of parents and also the Christian upbringing in a family, on the engaged couples’ attitude towards the Sacrament of Matrimony, also the impact of the attitude of the society’ towards the marriage is named. The research showed that a great impact on attitude towards the marriage is done by the teaching of the Church, Christian upbringing and also society. The engaged couple that has experienced a responsible parental and social upbringing has a more responsible point of view towards the Sacrament of Matrimony and are more serious about the decisions they make and their consequences, was confirmed. The answer to the research question “Does the engaged couple approve the “experimental marriage?” was positive. Two of the three pairs support the need to live together before marriage, because it is useful “in order to know better and get used to one another”, ”to learn to solve problems together” , “because it reduces the possibility of divorce after marriage,". The fact that, not all of the couples living without the Sacrament of Matrimony have a negative attitude towards it was revealed. Sometimes this is because some members of the Catholic Church or the society inappropriately... [to full text]

The purpose of my thesis entitled ,,Formation and termination of marriage with regard to the proprietary aspects" is the analysis of institutions of marriage and the community property. These institutions are characterized in terms of their formation, existence and termination. The thesis is composed of six chapters, for of them dealing with formation and termination of the marriage and two of them dealing with community property. Besides these six chapters the paper also contains the introduction and the conclusion. Chapter number one contains the formation of the marriage in terms of civil law, which is analyzed marriage, bethrothment, assumptions of marriage and nuptials (eligibility for marriage, wedding statement and celebration of a betrothal), proceedings before marriage (application and documents, certificates), special ways of marriage (formation of marriage by agent, formation of marriage abroad, formation of marriage in direct danger to life fiance) and legal consequences of nuptials. Chapter number two contains contains the formation of the marriage in terms of canon law. There is described concept of marriage in canon law, betrothal and marriage preparation, the main obstacles of marriage and formation of canon nuptials in terms of closure of the ordinary, extraordinary and secret...

Esta tese procura compreender o casamento misto na cidade de São Paulo, SP no período compreendido entre os anos de 1958 até 1978. O casamento misto ocorre quando um dos cônjuges é cristão, mas não pertence à Igreja Católica. Para os protestantes, o equivalente seria o chamado casamento ecumênico, onde basta que um dos cônjuges pertença a mesma denominação religiosa, luterana por exemplo, para que o casamento possa ser celebrado. O tema remete a leituras sobre o ecumenismo, o relativismo religioso, o papel da mulher nas Igrejas, podendo também servir de termômetro para a situação da família brasileira no séc. XXI, que nas últimas décadas sofreu profundas transformações, assim como transformações no perfil religioso do brasileiro, devido ao intenso movimento de conversão para novos movimentos religiosos de dentro ou de fora do cristianismo. / These theses try to understand the mixed marriage matrimony at Sao Paulo city, in the period of years 1958 till 1978. The mixed marriage is performed when one of married couple is Christian but not belongs to the Catholic Church. For the protestant the equivalent would be so called ecumenical marriage, in which the fact that one of married couple belongs to the same religious denomination for example Lutheran, is enough condition to celebrate the union. The subject calls for a reading about the ecumenism, religious relativism, the role of women in the churches, becoming also able to serve as a parameter for evaluation of Brazilian family situation in the XXI century, which in the last decades had suffered a very deep transformations, as well transformations in Brazilian religious profile, due to intense conversion effort to new religious movements inside or outside the Christianism.

Esta tese procura compreender o casamento misto na cidade de São Paulo, SP no período compreendido entre os anos de 1958 até 1978. O casamento misto ocorre quando um dos cônjuges é cristão, mas não pertence à Igreja Católica. Para os protestantes, o equivalente seria o chamado casamento ecumênico, onde basta que um dos cônjuges pertença a mesma denominação religiosa, luterana por exemplo, para que o casamento possa ser celebrado. O tema remete a leituras sobre o ecumenismo, o relativismo religioso, o papel da mulher nas Igrejas, podendo também servir de termômetro para a situação da família brasileira no séc. XXI, que nas últimas décadas sofreu profundas transformações, assim como transformações no perfil religioso do brasileiro, devido ao intenso movimento de conversão para novos movimentos religiosos de dentro ou de fora do cristianismo. / These theses try to understand the mixed marriage matrimony at Sao Paulo city, in the period of years 1958 till 1978. The mixed marriage is performed when one of married couple is Christian but not belongs to the Catholic Church. For the protestant the equivalent would be so called ecumenical marriage, in which the fact that one of married couple belongs to the same religious denomination for example Lutheran, is enough condition to celebrate the union. The subject calls for a reading about the ecumenism, religious relativism, the role of women in the churches, becoming also able to serve as a parameter for evaluation of Brazilian family situation in the XXI century, which in the last decades had suffered a very deep transformations, as well transformations in Brazilian religious profile, due to intense conversion effort to new religious movements inside or outside the Christianism.

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This work deals with interpersonal relationships in all their komplexity including the absence of these relationships. We try to interpret the ways of singles' lives in today's world. The aim of this work is to point out several aspects of interpersonal mutuality, which is represented by eight respondents, who live as the singles. The expressions stated in this work refer to problems of this increasing group of people. The work is a probe into life of present- day single people, who live without partner, without sharing home together. The increase amount of single people makes us to ask many questions. In these theme we try to look for andresearch the motives of these people, the reasons for accentuating the freedom, their own borderlines and we try to look for impacts, which can influence making decision of single people. Keywords: singles, mutuality, isolation, freedom, borderline, marriage, family, home, self- giving, interpersonality.

The research commences by explaining the relevance and importance of marriage in the post-modern world although the post-modern era is known for disregarding pre-modern norms and customs. Marriage as traditionally known in the church is no exception. Communities no longer share the church’s strict rules when it comes to relationships. Church teaching about sex seems contradictory; on the one hand it regards sex as sinful, while on the other hand it preaches that it should be saved for the person you love (Berry 2005:15). Modern society’s expectations are very different from Biblical times. Unlike Biblical times where adolescents got married between the age of fourteen and eighteen, modern day couples rarely get married before they reach their mid-twenties. The implication of this is that the youth should live in abstinence for a decade or more although they are physically mature. The question is whether it is realistic of society to expect long-term couples not to have a sexual relationship. Modern society questions the fact that traditional marriage should be seen as the only moral and lawful option where a permanent love relationship between two people may exist. Throughout history sex was usually portrayed as something wrong, shameful, even sometimes as sin. “After sexual intercourse both man and woman had to bath, and they remained unclean until evening” (Lev. 15:18). The negative view on sexual intimacy continued in the early church, where they taught that sex is meant for procreation and not for enjoyment. Sex was always treated as something that should not be talked about, especially not in church. Although most of these views have been overcome in the last few decades the church is faced with new challenges in the present milieu such as sex before marriage, cohabitation and homosexuality. According to Van Eck (2007a:81) marriage as institution in modern society is in crisis. Additionally the guidance that the church provides on this matter might be in worse crisis, particularly the Church’s silence and lack of guidance regarding cohabiting relationships and pre-marital sex. The revolution of marriage is investigated to understand its development over the last two thousand years. Biblical text is studied in search of guidelines for young adults on the matters of sexuality and marriage. A look into modern day ethics will give us an idea of the challenges the Church face on this subject. The universal importance of marriage, the diversity and complexity of social and cultural circumstances, the needs within society and the church, and the quest for Scriptural moral guidance necessitates this research. This study seeks to investigate whether modern-day non-marital sexual relationships should be accepted in the Church and to suggest guidelines for young adults on the matters of sex and marriage in order to make Christian based meaningful life choices. The purpose of this study is to find Biblical guidelines in an attempt to find a link between spirituality and sexuality. Copyright / Dissertation (MA(Theol))--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

The Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands constitute an interesting case for studying the function and symbolism of matrimony. This period marked an active time of change in the Low Countries: there was ongoing antagonism between the dukes of Burgundy and their Dutch subjects; shifts in the mercantile industry caused economic flux; the Reformation sparked religious tension; and the rapid expansion of the art market created a Europe-wide demand for Netherlandish fine and decorative art. In the face of upheaval, the act of marriage and the ideology surrounding it remained relatively consistent. Betrothal and marriage ceremonies in the Low Countries were quite formal compared to those in southern Europe; the quintessential northern ceremony customarily involved a priest, witnesses, and symbolic hand gestures. The images discussed in this thesis overwhelmingly reflect the importance of ritualistic behaviour in the late medieval Netherlands; the majority of them depict proper in facie ecclesiae unions, meaning “in the face of the Church.” These images of ideal marriage rituals were most commonly commissioned by members of the court or Church, and were used primarily to display wealth and power, to enhance the pageantry of court life, to draw connections with the mythic or biblical past, to promote canon law, and to reinforce cultural values. The fifty-three images studied in this thesis not only relate to discourses on medieval marriage and art history; they also fit into the larger narratives surrounding civic authority, religious tension, economic change, and social mores. In this thesis, I use an interdisciplinary approach to reveal the main functions of matrimonial ceremonies in Early Netherlandish art, and to examine the gap between image and reality. This thesis contributes to a better understanding of ritual and visual expression in the Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands.

The Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands constitute an interesting case for studying the function and symbolism of matrimony. This period marked an active time of change in the Low Countries: there was ongoing antagonism between the dukes of Burgundy and their Dutch subjects; shifts in the mercantile industry caused economic flux; the Reformation sparked religious tension; and the rapid expansion of the art market created a Europe-wide demand for Netherlandish fine and decorative art. In the face of upheaval, the act of marriage and the ideology surrounding it remained relatively consistent. Betrothal and marriage ceremonies in the Low Countries were quite formal compared to those in southern Europe; the quintessential northern ceremony customarily involved a priest, witnesses, and symbolic hand gestures. The images discussed in this thesis overwhelmingly reflect the importance of ritualistic behaviour in the late medieval Netherlands; the majority of them depict proper in facie ecclesiae unions, meaning “in the face of the Church.” These images of ideal marriage rituals were most commonly commissioned by members of the court or Church, and were used primarily to display wealth and power, to enhance the pageantry of court life, to draw connections with the mythic or biblical past, to promote canon law, and to reinforce cultural values. The fifty-three images studied in this thesis not only relate to discourses on medieval marriage and art history; they also fit into the larger narratives surrounding civic authority, religious tension, economic change, and social mores. In this thesis, I use an interdisciplinary approach to reveal the main functions of matrimonial ceremonies in Early Netherlandish art, and to examine the gap between image and reality. This thesis contributes to a better understanding of ritual and visual expression in the Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands.