Cette thèse est consacrée au gouvernement de la province de Maurétanie Césarienne depuis sa création durant le règne de Claude jusqu'au règne de Dioclétien, avant la grande réforme de l'administration qui conduit à une partition de la province en deux : la Maurétanie Césarienne d'un côté et la Maurétanie Sitifienne de l'autre. Le sujet porte sur une région de l'Afrique romaine qui correspond, de nos jours, à l'Algérie et concerne une période qui s'étale du Ier siècle à la fin du IIIe siècle. Province impériale gouvernée par un procurateur équestre, la Maurétanie Césarienne est connu a travers un très grand nombre de sources épigraphiques qui nous permettent de réfléchir aux modalités et aux pratiques de gouvernement dans cette région de l'empire romain. Il s'agit, dans un premier temps, d'analyser le rôle et la fonction des procurateurs-gouverneurs durant leur charge et, à la lumière des données disponibles, proposer une étude nouvelle étude prosopographique. Pour gouverner, le procurateur équestre disposait de divers moyens qu'il convient également d'analyser. Ainsi, pour assurer la sécurité du territoire, il commandait une armée. Il était aidé, pour les tâches administratives, comme par exemple lors des opérations de recensement, d'un personnel largement attesté par la documentation qu'il convient d'appréhender. Il s'agit également d'essayer de cerner les différentes politiques impériales mises en place dans la région, des politiques étroitement liées à une colonisation progressive des territoires. / This thesis is dedicated to the government of the province of Mauretania Caesariensis, from its creation during Claude 's reign until Diocletian, before the administrative reform that leads to the partition of the province in two: the Mauretania Caesariensis on one side and the Mauretania Sitifensis on the other. The subject concerns a region of Roman Africa which corresponds, nowadays, to Algeria and concerns a period from the 1st to the 3th century. Imperia! province governed by an equestrian procurator, the Mauretania Caesariensis is documented by a very large number of epigraphic sources which allow us to think about the modalities and the practices of government in this region of the Roman Empire. At first, the aim consists in analyzing the role and the function of the governors during their responsibility, in the light of the available data and to propose a new prosopographic study. The governor has many resources to rule. To insure the homeland security, he commanded an army. He was helped, for the administrative tasks, as for example during the operations of census, by an administrative staff that is widely attested by the documentation too and that deserves to be studied. Finally, the aim is trying to identify the various imperial politics applied in the region, politics that are closely linked to a progressive colonization of territories.

The 'Romanization' of the African provinces of Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis was in fact a two-way process of exchange between Roman and African elements which resulted in a uniquely Romano-African civilization. The imperial cult highlights issues common to all Romanization processes, such as ruler-subject interaction and the role of local initiative in bringing about change, as well as unique issues such as the impact of politics on emperor-worship. The success of the imperial cult was hampered by the fact that only a select few - notably the wealthy local elite - derived direct benefit from the process, and by the fact that, because the pre-Roman Mauretaniae had no established ruler-cults, the imperial cult failed to assimilate with local tradition. As a result, the cult was unable either to make a decisive impact on the Romanization of the Mauretanians, or to achieve any real religious unity among them. / History / M.A. (Ancient History)

The 'Romanization' of the African provinces of Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis was in fact a two-way process of exchange between Roman and African elements which resulted in a uniquely Romano-African civilization. The imperial cult highlights issues common to all Romanization processes, such as ruler-subject interaction and the role of local initiative in bringing about change, as well as unique issues such as the impact of politics on emperor-worship. The success of the imperial cult was hampered by the fact that only a select few - notably the wealthy local elite - derived direct benefit from the process, and by the fact that, because the pre-Roman Mauretaniae had no established ruler-cults, the imperial cult failed to assimilate with local tradition. As a result, the cult was unable either to make a decisive impact on the Romanization of the Mauretanians, or to achieve any real religious unity among them. / History / M.A. (Ancient History)