In recent years, archaeologists have proven that Roman provinces such as Gaul successfully underwent the process of Romanization, where the archaeological evidence showed that native populations culturally assimilated to Roman life. Likewise, Romans accepted local populations into Roman life and oftentimes syncretized aspects of their own culture with that of the locals. This process was usually stimulated by the creation of Roman cities throughout the province from which Roman culture emanated. However, Dacia's capital city, Ulpia Traiana Augusta Dacica Sarmizegetusa, which was founded in 106 CE under Trajan after the Second Dacian War (105-6 CE), doesn't exhibit these qualities of Romanization. The material culture, including architecture, ceramics, inscriptions on stelae, and other artifacts, expresses a purely Roman aesthetic in terms of style and construction. The evidence suggests that native Dacians were not successfully Romanized, either because of a conscious rejection of Roman life or a refusal by the Romans to successfully incorporate the locals into the new Roman province. Due to the violence of the two Dacian Wars and the speed with which Rome begins to colonize the province, I suggest that both scenarios are possible for why Romanization failed in Dacia and if Romanization did occur, it didn't emanate from the capital city but from rural settlements closer to the limes, many of which have not yet been excavated extensively.

This study considers five Roman trophy monuments in the context of global versus local culture in the provinces: the Sullan trophy at Chaeroneia, Pompey’s trophy at Panissars, Octavian’s campsite memorial at Nikopolis, Augustus’s Alpine trophy at La Turbie, and Trajan’s Dacian trophy at Adamklissi. Each trophy represents a unique case study of an identifiable Roman form and tradition deemed appropriate for/by a provincial community. These individualized characteristics imply localized negotiation of imperial or global ideas—specifically, a non-Roman’s ability to manipulate Roman concepts emanating from the capital and/or the desire for Romans to these ideas to appeal to a provincial audience. My study of these trophies uncovers a widespread phenomenon that contradicts the assumption that culture was dictated from the center to the periphery, from the elite to the non-elite and from the urban to the rural in the Roman Empire. This dissertation is a response to Simon Keay’s and Nicola Terrenato’s lamentation over the lack of comparative analysis for these recent theories and Andrew Wallace-Hadrill’s challenge to concretize definitions of Romanization. In fact, I demonstrate how these five Roman trophies featured themes legible to a broad audience in the ancient world and specialized narratives that catered to the local scene. Altogether, these case studies represent compelling examples of a much more dynamic kind of Romanization than current scholarship admits. / text

No description available.

This work seeks to provide new insight into understanding how the Lucanian sanctuaries were conceived, built, and used during a chronological period which ranges from the fourth century B.C. to the first century A.D. Within this time, the end of the third century B.C. and the bloody events of the Hannibalic war represented a crucial turning point for the Lucanian communities, concomitant with more infiltration of the southern peninsula by Rome. The last two centuries B.C. are therefore generally neglected in literature as a period of decline. The basic line of thought of this research is that changes in function and form of sanctuaries reflect political, socio-economic and cultural transformations and development of those communities who built and frequented them. The function of the sanctuaries went well beyond the merely religious, for they also functioned as gathering, political and economic centers. The evidence used in this thesis was mainly archaeological, and therefore the analysis of the realia represents the starting point and grounds for historical reconstructions. Archaeological data are diachronically analyzed at different levels: topographic location and relationship of sanctuaries with inhabited settlements, architectural structure and spatial organization of the complexes, and systems of votive offerings. During the fourth and the third centuries B.C. the picture of the Lucanian sanctuaries appears at a first glance quite homogeneous, as the cultural expressions of the Lucanian communities derived from the same models. However, archaeological evidence does not support the theory regarding the existence of a collective sanctuary which belonged to the Lucanians as a whole ethnos, as has been hypothesised for the Rossano di Vaglio sanctuary. After the end of the third century B.C. archaeological evidence from the sites under scrutiny attests that the sanctuaries continued to be used, despite the abandonment of the surrounding inhabited settlements. Nevertheless, such continuity did not mean full frequentation of the sanctuaries, as the majority of them noticeably contracted. Thus the second century B.C. is greatly under-represented at the archaeological level, although in some cases a revival is attested during the first century B.C. In this scenario, the only sanctuary which experienced a phase of revitalization during both of the last two centuries B.C. was the Rossano di Vaglio complex, as it became the point of reference for a new, specifically Roman, territorial entity, the praefectura of Potentia. This analysis, therefore, is a further contribution to current studies concerning the transformations which occurred in Italy in conjunction with the rise of Roman power, the conquest of Italy, and the consequent diffusion of hegemonic culture. / Classical Archaeology

No description available.

Esta dissertação propõe analisar os Livros III e IV da Geografia de Estrabão com o objetivo de identificar como um grego das regiões do Oriente Próximo formulara um quadro de encontro de povos nas regiões Ocidentais do mar Mediterrâneo nos tempos da expansão do Império Romano, e entender qual o papel ele atribui a esta cidade neste processo. Com esta abordagem, pretendemos discutir o importante conceito de Romanização, caro aos trabalhos que abordam a relação entre Roma e suas províncias, além de procurar entender como os o passado dos espaços por nós estudados Península Ibérica e a Europa entre o Reno e os Pirineus foi fruto de uma série de leituras e interpretações distintas, que, em alguns casos, prejudicou o próprio uso da fonte escrita como documento para pensar as transformações pelas quais passaram. A Geografia de Estrabão é vista, dessa forma, como um documento importante e valioso para se pensar as mudanças ocorridas nessas regiões, não somente por conta da chegada dos romanos, mas também como testemunho da importância de outros povos na sua integração a uma nova forma de viver. / This dissertation proposes to examine the Books III and IV of the Geography of Strabo with the aim of identifying how a greek man from the Near Eastern regions formulated a framework for meeting people in the western regions of the Mediterranean Sea, at the time of the Roman Empire expansion, and to understand what role does de assigns to this city in this process. With this approach, we intend to discuss the important concept of Romanization, due to works that deal with the relationship between Rome and its provinces, and we seek to understand how the past of the spaces we studied - Iberian Peninsula and Europe between the Rhine and the Pyrenees - was the result of a number of different readings and interpretations, which, in some cases, damaged the very use of writing documents as a source for thinking the transformations in. The Geography of Strabo is seen, therefore, as an important and valuable document to think about the changes occurring in these regions, not only because of the arrival of the Romans, but also as a witness of the importance other people in their integration to a new form to live.

Cette thèse porte sur les influences massaliètes et italiques sur la monnaie en Languedoc, depuis son apparition en Gaule méditerranéenne (fin du VIe s. av. n. è.) jusqu'au règne d'Auguste (27 av. n. è.-14 de n. è.). Le Languedoc est situé entre Narbonne et le delta du Rhône. Cette région interagit avec plusieurs puissances méditerranéennes qui changent son rapport à l'économie. Dans un premier temps, des colonies phocéennes puis massaliètes jalonnent le littoral. Des contacts fréquents existent avec le monde carthaginois jusqu'aux guerres puniques. Puis, à l'issue de ces dernières, Rome devient la puissance économique en Méditerranée occidentale. Des relations commerciales sont aussi attestées avec la Gaule interne. Ces connexions ont des conséquences sur le développement du négoce languedocien. Quelles ont été les conséquences de l'installation romaine dans le sud de la Gaule, par la création de la province de Transalpine ? Quels étaient les rapports entre la cité phocéenne, implantée depuis le VIe s. av. n. è., et les Romains présents à partir du du IIe s. av. n. è. ? Comment se traduisent-ils sur la monnaie locale ? Les puissances méditerranéennes sont-elles responsables de la monétarisation du Languedoc ou s'agit-il au contraire d'un développement local s'inscrivant dans un contexte de croissance des transactions régionales ? Autrement dit, la monnaie était-elle utilisée dans les relations avec Marseille et Rome ou bien avait-elle intégré la vie des populations locales ? Dans quelles mesures Marseille et Rome se sont-elles impliquées dans la gestion de la monnaie en Languedoc ? Les réformes augustéennes des années 20 av. n. è. unifient-elles le système monétaire dans les provinces romaines ? Pour répondre à ces questions, une étude des monnaies dans leur contexte archéologique a été réalisée. Celle-ci, associée à une analyse de la place du Languedoc au sein de la Méditerranée, permettent de saisir les évolutions de l'adoption de la monnaie mais aussi les volontés et les enjeux des différents acteurs. / This PhD concerns the massaliètes and italiques influences on the coin in Languedoc, from its first appearance (end of the VIth century BC) to August's reign (27 BC- AD 14). The Languedoc is located between Narbonne and the Rhone delta. This region interacts and is influenced by several mediterranean powers upon its economy. First, Phocaean and massaliètes colonies are settled on the coastline. Frequent contacts exist with the Carthaginian world until the Punic Wars. After them, Rome becomes the first economic power of the western Mediterranean. Economics relations are also attested with the inside of Gaul. Those connections impact the development of the trade in the Languedoc. What are the consequences of the roman installation in the South of Gaul, when the province of Transalpine is created ? Which rapports did Marseille, established during the VIth century, and the Romans, present since the IInd century ? How do they impact the local coinage ? Are the mediterranean powers responsible of the monetisation of the Languedoc or quite the opposite, is it a local development in line with a context of regional transactions growth ? In other words, was coinage used for the relations with Marseille and Rome or, was it integrated in the daylife of local populations ? How did Marseille and Rome take part to the management of the coinage in the Languedoc ? Do the 20 BC augustan reforms unify the monetarian system in the roman provinces ? To answer, a study of the coinage in their archeological context has been made. Associated with an analysis of the position of the Languedoc in the Mediterranean world, it helps to understand the phases of monetisation but also, the goals and the challenges of the differents actors.

Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-22T16:23:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Israel Santosseg.pdf: 932392 bytes, checksum: c52f574e3f47fcb83471559f53bf51b9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-24T11:43:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Israel Santosseg.pdf: 932392 bytes, checksum: c52f574e3f47fcb83471559f53bf51b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-24T11:43:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Israel Santosseg.pdf: 932392 bytes, checksum: c52f574e3f47fcb83471559f53bf51b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo uma análise do processo de reforma da Igreja Católica na Bahia entre os anos de 1890 a 1930. Nele procuramos enfocar as novas relações políticas desenvolvidas pela instituição católica, separada do Estado brasileiro a partir da instituição do decreto 119-A, de 1890; a reestruturação interna da instituição católica no mesmo período; e as novas relações que a mesma procurou desenvolver com o laicato baiano. / Salvador

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-12-12T15:43:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) TESE UFPE 2015.pdf: 2299536 bytes, checksum: 055f196c5db088892c239b6443afe83d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T15:43:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) TESE UFPE 2015.pdf: 2299536 bytes, checksum: 055f196c5db088892c239b6443afe83d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-25 / CAPES / A separação entre Igreja / Estado e a promulgação da Constituição de 1891 representou um duro golpe na Igreja Católica, pois tivemos a laicização do Estado, secularização do casamento, do registro civil, dos cemitérios e o término da educação pública confessional. Temos ainda, o processo de romanização e em seguida a restauração católica, cujo objetivo estava centrado na retomada dos rumos do catolicismo no Brasil. É dentro deste contexto histórico da Primeira República (1890 – 1930) que esta tese se insere e é construída. Através das fontes de jornais e eclesiásticas, buscamos compreender como se dá o processo de afastamento entre a Igreja Católica e o Estado, assim como sua laicidade e as reações do clero frente às mudanças religiosas, políticas e educacionais na Província da Paraíba do Norte, tendo dentro deste recorte a nomeação de Dom Adauto de Miranda Henriques á condição de Bispo e depois Arcebispo. Desse modo, passamos também á analisar as ações religiosas, políticas e educacionais de Dom Adauto á frente da Diocese, assim como os momentos de enfrentamentos da Igreja contra maçons, protestante e espírita. Para entendermos este momento, esta tese foi construída e analisada a partir de alguns questionamentos: Como foi encarado pela Igreja Católica o processo de laicização determinado pelo Estado republicano a partir do decreto de 1890 e legitimado pela Constituição de 1891 e o processo de romanização católica? Qual(is) as ações políticas e religiosas de Dom Adauto para reaproximar-se e recuperar o prestigio da Igreja junto ao povo dentro da sociedade paraibana? Buscamos também, analisar os enfrentamentos existentes entre a Igreja, Maçonaria, Protestantes e Espíritas. E qual a importância das visitas pastorais e da instrução educacional dentro do projeto de restauração católica em nível de Brasil e Paraíba? Estas foram as questões propostas e analisadas nesta tese, que foram palmilhada na pesquisa documental e historiográfica e, transformada em escrita. / The separation of church / state and the promulgation of the 1891 Constitution represented a severe blow to the Catholic Church because we had the secularization of the State, wedding secularization of civil registration, the cemeteries and the end of confessional public education. We still have, the process of Romanization and then the Catholic restoration, whose goal was focused on the resumption of Catholicism in Brazil directions. It is within this historical context of the First Republic (1890 - 1930) that this thesis is inserted and is constructed. Through the newspapers and ecclesiastical sources, we seek to understand how the process of clearance between the Catholic Church and the state is, as well as its secularism and the clergy reactions in the face of religious change, educational policies in the Paraíba North Province, and inside this clipping the appointment of Dom Adauto de Miranda Henriques to Bishop condition, then Archbishop. In this way, we will also examine the religious actions, policies and educational Dom Adauto forward the Diocese, as well as the moments of confrontation of the Church against Masons, Protestants and Spiritualists. To understand this point, this thesis was built and analyzed from some questions: How was regarded by the Catholic Church the laicization process determined by the Republican State from 1890 decree and legitimized by the 1891 Constitution and the process of Romanization Catholic? What policies and actions of religious Dom Adauto to reconnect and regain the prestige of the Church among the people in the Paraiba society? We also seek to analyze the existing confrontations between the Church, Freemasonry, Protestants and Spiritualists. And what is the importance of pastoral visits and educational instruction within the Catholic restoration project at the level of Brazil and Paraíba? These were the questions proposed and analyzed in this thesis, which were trodden in the documentary and historical research and transformed into writing.

Esta dissertação propõe analisar os Livros III e IV da Geografia de Estrabão com o objetivo de identificar como um grego das regiões do Oriente Próximo formulara um quadro de encontro de povos nas regiões Ocidentais do mar Mediterrâneo nos tempos da expansão do Império Romano, e entender qual o papel ele atribui a esta cidade neste processo. Com esta abordagem, pretendemos discutir o importante conceito de Romanização, caro aos trabalhos que abordam a relação entre Roma e suas províncias, além de procurar entender como os o passado dos espaços por nós estudados Península Ibérica e a Europa entre o Reno e os Pirineus foi fruto de uma série de leituras e interpretações distintas, que, em alguns casos, prejudicou o próprio uso da fonte escrita como documento para pensar as transformações pelas quais passaram. A Geografia de Estrabão é vista, dessa forma, como um documento importante e valioso para se pensar as mudanças ocorridas nessas regiões, não somente por conta da chegada dos romanos, mas também como testemunho da importância de outros povos na sua integração a uma nova forma de viver. / This dissertation proposes to examine the Books III and IV of the Geography of Strabo with the aim of identifying how a greek man from the Near Eastern regions formulated a framework for meeting people in the western regions of the Mediterranean Sea, at the time of the Roman Empire expansion, and to understand what role does de assigns to this city in this process. With this approach, we intend to discuss the important concept of Romanization, due to works that deal with the relationship between Rome and its provinces, and we seek to understand how the past of the spaces we studied - Iberian Peninsula and Europe between the Rhine and the Pyrenees - was the result of a number of different readings and interpretations, which, in some cases, damaged the very use of writing documents as a source for thinking the transformations in. The Geography of Strabo is seen, therefore, as an important and valuable document to think about the changes occurring in these regions, not only because of the arrival of the Romans, but also as a witness of the importance other people in their integration to a new form to live.