My thesis deals with selected problems related to the criminal justice in the matter of youth. These problems mainly result from the fact that this is a specific group of offenders and that it is necessary to react to their unlawful activities and viewed them in a different way compared to the cases of adults. Therefore criminal law of young offenders resulted in the separate legal regulation which is contained in the Act no. 218/2003 Coll., on Judicial System in the Matter of Youth. I divide this thesis internally into six parts which have a logical sequence. The first part deals with terminology which occurs in the Act and differs from general adjudication which is stipulated by the Criminal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure. It is necessary to acquire different terms to get a good orientation in the given issues. The second part deals with restorative justice on which basis the act on judicial system in the matter of youth is built up. It is a restoring justice where no primary vengeance exists. Since we cannot say that there exists a stable definition of restorative justice, I mention mainly the principles which this concept is based on. Further, I make a passing comment about some institutes and provisions in which the principles of restorative justice are reflected. Next part describes...

La justice restaurative est une alternative aux méthodes conventionnelles de voir l’infraction et d’y répondre. Elle est devenue presque partout dans le monde, un sujet essentiel dans la réforme de la justice pénale et a gagné du terrain dans le monde universitaire et dans les pratiques judiciaires. Ainsi, son essor et expansion au niveau international sont remarquables aujourd’hui. Grâce à sa flexibilité conceptuelle, son adaptabilité pratique et ses atouts réels, ce mode de justice mérite d’être pleinement développé au sein des systèmes pénaux français et sud-coréen. La première partie, consacrée aux fondamentaux de la justice restaurative, en témoigne sans pour autant occulter ses limites et risques. Pourtant, comme le démontre la deuxième partie, consacrée aux pratiques en France et en Corée du Sud, l’implantation et le développement de la justice restaurative dans ces deux pays sont freinés par plusieurs obstacles socioculturels et par plusieurs difficultés pratiques. La présente thèse a pour objectif de trouver des moyens de sortir de l’état actuel des deux pays en matière de justice restaurative, marqué par l’imperfection, la réticence et la réserve, de manière que les mesures restauratives existantes puissent retrouver leur essence restaurative et que la justice restaurative puisse s’implanter et se développer avec succès en France et en Corée du Sud. / The restorative justice is an alternative to the conventional methods to see the crime and to respond it. It has become, almost everywhere in the world, a key issue in the reform of criminal justice and has gained ground in academia and in the judicial practices. Its international growth and expansion are noteworthy today. With its conceptual flexibility, its practical adaptability and its real assets, this mode of justice deserves to be fully developed within the French and South Korean penal systems. The first part of this thesis, devoted to the fundamentals of the restorative justice, demonstrates this without obscuring its limitations and risks. However, as shown in the second part, dedicated to the practices in France and South Korea, the integration and the development of the restorative justice in both countries are constrained by several socio-cultural obstacles and a number of practical difficulties. This thesis aims to move away from the current state of the two countries in the field of restorative justice, marked by imperfection, reticence and reserve, so that the existing restorative measures can regain their restorative essence and that the restorative justice can be applied and developed successfully in France and South Korea.