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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Incorporation of Plasticizers through Refining into Wood Pulp : A Potential Route For Bio-based Thermoplastic Materials

Chartrain, Victor Eric Pierre January 2023 (has links)
Fibers are interesting materials alternative to replace conventional fossil-based plastics, as they are bio-based and do not lead to CO2 emissions. Due to their limited ductility, it is difficult to use them to make complex three-dimensional shapes. This problem has already been addressed in previous research studies but the processing conditions used here were never tried before. In this thesis, the incorporation of low molecular plasticizers onto the fibers is investigated to obtain a more ductile fiber-based material. More precisely, Paper and Fiber Research Institute (PFI) refining is used to mechanically treat the fibers and help the sorption of glycerol, urea, polyethyleneglycol (PEG), or polyvinylalcohol (PVA), followed by the formation of sheets from the modified pulp. However, it has been found that only small amounts of plasticizers were retained by this process. The refining itself on the fibers without additives enhanced fibrillation and developed mechanical bonding between the fibers, which resulted in increased strength and ductility. Also, the hot pressed (HP) drying technique was found to yield denser and stronger papers, compared to the non-pressed (HP) drying technique. As a comparison, the incorporation of plasticizers through ultrasonication and its effect on the paper properties were also considered from a previous study within the same research group. It has been found that this mechanical treatment retains more plasticizers than refining but yields different paper properties (especially an increased ductility). All these results suggest that PFI refining should be studied more in-depth by performing at least one process optimization cycle where less dilution takes place. / Fibrer är ett intressant, alternativt material att ersätta konventionella, fossila plaster. Men deras begränsade plasticitet gör det svårt att forma mer avancerade tredimensionella former. Detta problem har man adresserat i tidigare forskning, men bearbetningsförhållandena utvärderade i denna studie har inte testats tidigare. I denna uppsats studeras integrering av små molekylära mjukgörare in i fibrer för att framställa ett mer plastiskt, fiber-baserat material. Mer precist, Papirforskninginstituts (PFI) bearbetning används för att mekaniskt bearbeta fibrerna och underlätta sorption av glycerol, urea, Polyethylenglykol (PEG) och Polyvinylalkohol (PVA) följt av arkning av den bearbeta pappersmassan. Det har visats att i denna process bibehålls endast små mängder av mjukgörare på fibrerna. Dock har den mekaniska bearbetning i säg effekt på fibrerna, då den leder till defibrillering, och förstärker interaktionerna mellan fibrerna vilket leder till ett starkare och segare material. Utöver det, visar studien att värmepressningen (HP) som torktekning ger ett mer homogent resultat gällande arkens kvalitet. Som jämförelse användes en tidigare studie av samma forskargrupp som använt ultraljudsbehandling som medel att inkorporera mjukgörare och hur den behandlingen påverkade arken. Den behandlingen leder till högre retention av mjukgörare vilket leder till andra pappersegenskaper, speciellt högre duktilitet. Dessa studier visar att PFI bearbetningen behöver studeras i mer detalj för att se om det är en lämplig bearbetningsmetod och därför bör minst en till cykel med optimeringar göras för att se om högre halt mjukgörare kan bibehållas.

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