<p> According to Wohlers Report 2014, the worldwide 3D printing industry is now expected to grow from $3.07B in revenue in 2013 to $12.8B by 2018, and exceed $21B in worldwide revenue by 2020. With 3D printing rapidly evolving from a prototype commodity to a means to produce full production items, lattice structures are becoming of great interest due to their superior structural characteristics and lightweight nature. Within design, lattice structures have typically been defined by preset beam configurations within a cube. Certain configurations have been proven analytically to be optimal for certain load functions, but never has there been optimization performed to discover or verify the optimal lattice shapes and sizes within a predefined cubic space. By performing optimization on these cubic cells, a design guideline can be created for designers of lattice structures. In this thesis, several lattice configurations are analyzed both from a micro level (single unit cell) as well as a macro level (a simple series of unit cells). Optimization is performed with respect to stiffness and compliance to identify strategic configurations for bending, torsion, compression and tension. Only cubic base cells are analyzed (i.e. no hexagonal). Knowing optimal lattice configurations from a structural standpoint enables designers to further reduce weight and increase structural efficiencies when designing for additive manufacturing. The results of this study yield a well-defined guideline for design engineers to utilize when lattice structures are incorporated in a structural design. With this design guideline information available to design engineers, further utilization of lattice structures can be exploited by efficiently applying strategic unit cell configurations to the overall design.</p>

Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990. / Thesis Advisor(s): Shin, Phillip Y. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 28, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Thickness, optimization, layers, laminates, finite element analysis, height, stiffening, orientation(direction), blades, solutions(general), buckling, equations, fibers, loads(forces) DTIC Identifier(s): Design optimization, laminates, blade stiffened plate, buckling Author(s) subject terms: Design optimization, blade stiffened plate, buckling Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-84). Also available in print.

This study investigates how linear and nonlinear level designs inspire game flow in cooperative gameplay through a close reading analysis. The research focuses on It Takes Two, a highly successful cooperative game with compelling and unusual combination of game elements that enhance the cooperative experience. Employing a close reading methodology, the study examines the reciprocal relationship between game mechanics and game flow, considering elements such as cooperation mechanics, task structures, and guidance within levels. The analysis utilizes Sweetser and Wyeth's (2005) eight elements of flow to evaluate the game flow in cooperative scenes. By exploring the interaction patterns, mechanics design, and player experiences, the study offers insights into the impact of level design on cooperative gameplay in relationship with flow for designing engaging cooperative experiences. The findings contribute to the understanding of how different level designs shape game flow in cooperative games.