Con este trabajo he pretendido estudiar los aspectos culturales, sociales, religiosos, sexuales, económicos y políticos que impiden a las mujeres embarazadas con condición de VIH / SIDA positiva participar en el programa de prevención de la transmisión de VIH / SIDA de madre a hijo en un proyecto de Médicos Sin Frontera Suiza en el barrio y hospital de Chamanculo de Maputo en Mozambique. La información fue recogida de diferentes fuentes: materiales y artículos publicados en revistas y libros de antropología médica, ciencias sociales, médicas, informes de agencias internacionales, de ONG´S internacionales y locales o de los mass media mozambiqueños u otros relevantes. No hay métodos propios de las disciplinas, usé técnicas de investigación cualitativa y métodos cuantitativos. Las medidas de salud publica tomadas para prevenir la transmisión de VIH / SIDA de madre a hijo deben ser aplicadas al padre y a la madre, el aumento del SIDA pediátrico es una consecuencia dramática de las insuficiencias del programa de prevención de madre a hijo. La revelación de la condición de VIH al compañero / a es una estrategia de prevención de la epidemia que debe ser cuidadosamente evaluada y aplicada a los dos miembros de la pareja, tratando de evitar las consecuencias negativas a las personas que abren su condición de VIH en todo el mundo y en especial en Mozambique. / This Thesis intend to study the cultural, social, religious, economical, sexual and political aspects that prevent HIV / AIDS positive pregnant woman with a seroestatus of HIV positive participate in the HIV / AIDS PMTCT programs in a project of Doctors Without Border Switzerland at the Chamanculo hospital and neighborhood of Maputo in Mozambique. The information was collected from different sources: Materials, articles published in Medical Anthropology and social sciences journals and books, WHO, UNAIDS agencies, International and local NGO and other relevant media report. There are not specific methods of the disciplines; I used qualitative research techniques and quantitative methods. The public health measures taken to prevent HIV / AIDS mother to child transmission should be applied to the father and the mother to child prevention program. The increased of HIV / SIDA Pediatric cases is a dramatic consequence of the insufficient work done in the program to prevent mother to child transmission. The disclosure of HIV condition to the partner is a prevention strategy of the epidemic that should be carefully evaluated and applied to the two members of a couple, attempting to avoid the negative consequences to the persons that try to disclosure of HIV condition in all over the world and specially in Mozambique.

Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1979. / Bibliography: leaves 236-247. / viii, 247 leaves 28 cm

Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / This thesis draws on diverse documentary sources and ethnographic research to look at the importance of place and ethos in the constitution of historical processes and contemporary cultural practices concerned with health and healing. Through an analysis of the interrelationships of morbidity, conceptual frameworks, behaviour, morality, therapeutic modalities, and socioeconomic and religious transformation, the thesis elucidates how people in Ponorogo deal with illness and misfortune in their quest for wellbeing. The regency of Ponorogo is located in the southwest corner of the province of East Java. Its most identifiable symbol is the barong tiger mask which is the main character in Reog Ponorogo performances. An exploration of the area’s extensive archaeological, historical and narrative resources reveals the ongoing dialogue with wider Java, and how the celebration of strength and physical prowess in the performance of reog enacts a distinctive rural ethos and local identity. Reog, therefore, lends itself to de Certeau’s everyday practices of arts of “operating” and “practice”. Strength and stamina are important for the livelihoods of people in Ponorogo, the majority of whom depend on physical labour. A somatic culture and skilful aesthetic inform the search for wellbeing and the use of therapeutic resources. In rural Java biomedical services predominantly dispense pharmaceuticals. Their reputation for fast relief, together with the coincidence of patterns of morbidity, constrained economic resources, problems of access, and the historical and contemporary use of other therapeutic agents forms a local ecology of care in which the use of pharmaceuticals has been incorporated into existing regimens of prevention, protection, cure and maintenance. This local ecology also includes folk practitioners who offer a diverse range of services which are encompassed by the dynamic concept of slamet (wellbeing). While socioeconomic change has enabled them to take advantage of changing aspirations, the moral framework of religious transformation has meant that practitioners have had to modify their services to maintain their legitimacy. In contemporary Ponorogo topography plays a significant role in the exacerbation of socioeconomic difference and health inequalities. The latter part of the thesis focuses on the dry limestone highlands of the regency’s borders. Lack of infrastructure, difficult terrain, and resource-poor environments characterise the chronic poverty of these regions. Ecology and the realities of living in small, geographically-isolated communities contribute to a distinctive ethos which places emphasis on social harmony and conflict avoidance. Extended analysis of a community killing of suspected sorcerers not only illustrates the multidimensional and contextual understanding of wellbeing, but also articulates with the increasing importance placed on the morality of folk practitioners in contemporary Java. The final chapter revisits and integrates the main themes of the thesis in a concluding discussion of lowland and highland contrasts and connections, and how the dynamic concept of slamet is able to adapt to and incorporate change.

Doctor of Philosophy / This thesis studies the relationship between subjective experience and social environment during recovery from alcoholism in Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). As a result of participation in AA meetings, many alcoholics undergo healing transformations involving a sense of acceptance of themselves, others and the world. In early sobriety these experiences often remove an alcoholic’s desire to drink. Outside AA, however, alcoholics frequently experience subjective unravelling – a sense of conflict with themselves, others and the world. For many, this subjective state is associated with actual or potential craving for a drink. Regular participation in AA meetings alleviates these states. This thesis construes the relationship between subjective experience and immediate social environment in terms of ‘experiential stakes of relevance’. This conceptual category can be used to characterise both the structural properties of the social environment and the key attributes of the subjective experience of agents within this environment. Listening to stories at AA meetings results for many alcoholics in a radical change in ‘experiential stakes of relevance’. It is argued that the process of spontaneous re-connection with one’s past experiences during AA meetings is akin to the process of mobilisation of embodied dispositions as theorised by Bourdieu. Transformation in AA takes place in the space of a mere one and a half hours and involves processes of intensification of experience. These are analysed in terms of Bourdieu’s notion of ‘illusio’ and Chion’s notion of ‘rendu’. The healing experiences of acceptance presuppose a social environment free of interpersonal conflict. This thesis argues that the need to structurally eliminate conflict between alcoholics has turned AA into a social field which is sustained by the very healing subjective experiences that it facilitates. In the process, AA has developed structural elements which can best be understood as mechanisms inverting the social logic of competitive fields. The fieldwork entailed a detailed ethnographic study of one particular group of Alcoholics Anonymous in Sydney’s Lower North Shore as well as familiarisation with the more general culture of AA in Sydney. Methods of investigation included participant observations at AA meetings and interviews with a number of sober alcoholics in AA.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-124). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Tübingen.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2000. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 321-333). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.)--Carleton University, 2000. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-124). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A. (Anthropology)) - Rhodes University, 2007.