The study is based on the views of medical equipment agent industry, to discuss the transition and development of government procurement system and the effect on industry benefits, disadvantages by public policy. Both "political" and "economy" are the purposes of Government Procurement Law (GPL). Government procurement operations have to be political fairness and the economic benefit at the same time. The dilemma for GPL design is to prevent abuse, which is far away from the public policy object, and to avoid interfering with the operation of free market. In this thesis, open information of Ministry of Economic Affairs and Public Construction Commission, data from newspaper, papers, government laws, and the experiments of medical instrument agents were involved to study the relationships and interactions between themselves. This research studies on the operation of GPL through literature review to confirm the questions and framework for the qualification, specification, prices. We interviewed four senior medical equipment suppliers (OEM, agent) for data analysis and collection. Between the competitive structure of market and non-market environment, enterprises are focus to achieve the best business interest and the highest efficiency, however, they are at a loss in the conflict of public policy spirit and the operation of the law. On the limitation of bureaucratic culture and regulatory constraints, how to strengthen government ¡§procurement management", to formulate a integrity, flexible, and authorized procurement system is very important. We think there is very large space to improve whole medical industry, and some advices was brought out in government procurement enhancement, medical instrument industry development, and the benefit of people health. All public policies and rules need to combine with reality and current status. If we only consider theoretical reduction, but ignore the influence of reality, all laws will be a mere formality and useless. GPL is a ¡§law of large numbers¡¨ which has large difference in variety of industries and may need to modify in the change of environment. If GPL was modified roughly, even a good law would be canceled out. Business managers need have ability to manage political environment, to dealing with emergency, and to maintain and create competitive advantages by adapting political environment and laws. The development of medical equipments is a business that is combined with technical innovation, high R&D risk, public interests, and economical interests. Governments need assist and guide the direction of GPL correctly, and only for that, the dreams for building the Taiwan Biological Technology Island can come true.

L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer un cylindre instrumenté pour mesurer sa déflexion dans les applications médicales. Deux types de matériaux sont utilisés pour le cylindre : l'acier inoxydable et le NiTi. Des microjauges sont réparties le long du cylindre pour mesurer en temps réel sa déformation, permettant ainsi de guider le cylindre à sa destination envisagée dans un geste chirurgical. Plusieurs approches pour la mesure de déformation sont présentées et comparées, et la mesure de déformation par les microjauges piézorésistives semiconductrices intégrées sur le cylindre paraît la méthode optimale en tenant compte de la sensibilité, la compatibilité biomédicale et la faisabilité en microfabrication. Des analyses théoriques et par méthode d'éléments finis sont effectués pour analyser le comportement mécanique du cylindre en flexion mais aussi pour positionner et dimensionner les microjauges piézorésistives sur le cylindre. Un premier prototype a été réalisé et caractérisé pour vérifier la fonctionnalité de notre système.La réalisation des microjauges sur les cylindres se déroule par la microfabrication en salle blanche. Le germanium est utilisé comme le matériau piézorésistif. A cause de la spécificité géométrique des cylindres en tant que le substrat de la microfabrication, de nombreuses modifications sont apportées au procédé de fabrication 'standard' pour le dépôt et l'usinage des matériaux en surface du substrat métallique courbe. Le résultat de microfabrication est présenté, ainsi que l'analyse et les améliorations éventuelles du procédé actuel. / The objective of this assertation is to develop an instrumented cylinder in order to measure its deflection status in medical applications. The cylinders are made of two types of materials: stainless steel and NiTi. The microgauges are distributed along the cylinder to measure its real-time surface strain, thus allowing the cylinder to be guided to its planned destination during a surgical operation.Several approaches for strain measurement are presented and compared, and strain measurement with semiconductor piezoresistive microgauges integrated on the cylinder appears to be the optimal method considering the sensitivity, biomedical compatibility and feasibility in microfabrication.Theoretical analysis and finite element method analysis are carried out in order to analyze the mechanical behavior of the deflected cylinder and to determine the optimal position and size of the piezoresistive microgauges on the cylinder. A first prototype was developed and characterized to verify the functionality of our system.The microgauges are implemented on thin cylinders by microfabrication in cleanroom. Germanium is used as the piezoresistive material. Due to the curved geometry of metal cylinders as the substrate for microfabrication, several ajustments are made to the standard process of material deposition and surface machining. The analysis of experimental results, as well as the possible upgrades of the current process, are discussed.