published_or_final_version / Medicine / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Siu, Hon Kei. / "November 2011." / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-88). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; appendix in Chinese. / Thesis/Assessment Committee --- p.1 / Abstract --- p.2 / Content --- p.5 / Acknowledgements --- p.7 / Introduction --- p.8 / Background --- p.12 / Defining continuity of care --- p.12 / Measuring continuity of care --- p.14 / Effects of continuity of care --- p.15 / Factors affecting the continuity of care --- p.16 / Health care system in Hong Kong --- p.18 / Health care service charges in public and private sectors in Hong Kong --- p.19 / Primary care service in public and private sector --- p.21 / Health status and health seeking behaviours of Hong Kong people --- p.22 / Summary --- p.22 / Objectives --- p.24 / Methods --- p.25 / Target population --- p.25 / Sample size --- p.25 / Data collection --- p.26 / Preparation of questionnaire --- p.26 / Questionnaire in detail --- p.27 / Ethics issue --- p.32 / Statistical analysis --- p.32 / Results --- p.38 / Survey findings --- p.38 / Detailed analysis - respondents claimed that they needed a family doctor --- p.44 / Detailed analysis - respondents claimed that they had a family doctor --- p.46 / Discussion --- p.50 / Limitations of the study --- p.50 / Strengths of the study --- p.51 / Discussion of the findings --- p.52 / Implications --- p.59 / Conclusion --- p.62 / Tables and figures --- p.64 / Appendix --- p.75 / Bibliography --- p.80

(1) Were among the antihypertensive drugs with the lowest likelihood of discontinuation implying a potentially superior tolerability profile (2) Had similar odds of short and long term rates of add-on pharmacotherapy implying a similar efficacy with other drug classes (3) Were associated with statistically similar all cause and CVS mortality (4) Had similar odds of presenting with impaired fasting glucose in the short-term. (5) Had higher odds of presenting with hypercholesterolemia in the short-term but the absolute increase in cholesterol was minimal (in the magnitude of 0.14 mmol/1). > (6) Had similar odds of presenting with hyponatremia and hypokalemia in the short-term. / Due to the large sample size these studies are likely to be representative and are new findings among ethnic Chinese patients presenting with uncomplicated hypertension. These results point towards thiazide diuretics as a favorable first-line antihypertensive agent in the management of uncomplicated hypertension in Hong Kong primary practice, in addition to favorable public health considerations including affordability. These studies are in support of guidelines from international authorities recommending thaizide diuretics as the best choice of first-line antihypertensive agent, and suggest that such international guidelines may be generalizable to patients of Chinese race. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / In these studies we have characterized the major antihypertensive drug classes in terms of their prescription patterns, efficacy, tolerability and association with adverse clinical as well as biochemical outcomes. The completeness of CDARS and e-CMS of the Hospital Authority allows retrieval and comparison of these clinical outcomes of the commonly used antihypertensive agents. The present studies showed that prescription of CCB and BB were high compared with international trends and that of thiazide particularly low and showed a declining trend. Yet when compared with other drug classes, thiazide diuretics: / Wong Chi Sang. / Adviser: Stewart William Mercer. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-09, Section: B, page: . / Thesis submitted in: September, 2008. / Thesis (M.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 223-260). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / School code: 1307.

本研究探討深思的可能性模型（Elaboration Likelihood Model）在設計推廣使用營養標籤的廣告中的適用性。香港的一所中學的169位學生參與了一個2 x 2 x 3（健康意識：高vs. 低 x 論據：數據 vs. 經驗 x 代言人：專家vs. 名人 vs. 普通人）的實驗。 部分假設得到支持。 健康意識的主效果明顯。 具有較高健康意識的青少年更易被廣告說服。 健康意識和代言人具有交叉效應。對於健康意識較高的人來說，營養師更有說服力， 而對於健康意識較低的人來說，名人更有影響力。論據和代言人的搭配影響了資訊的處理路徑。如果以數據為主的論據是由普通人提供的，則更易推動青少年使用營養標籤。而如果以個人經驗為主的論據是由名人提供的，則更有效。統計結果將在深思的可能性模型下得以展開討論。 本文還會對開展針對青少年的公共健康傳播運動提出建議。 / This study tested the utility of the Elaboration Likelihood Model in creating effective Public Service Announcements (PSAs) of nutrition label use. Students (N=169) from a secondary school in Hong Kong participated in a 2x2x3 (Health consciousness: High vs. Low x Argument: Informational vs. Testimonial x Source: Expert vs. Celebrity vs. Ordinary Person) factorial design experiment. Hypotheses were partially supported. Main effect was located for health consciousness. Adolescents with high health consciousness were more persuaded by the PSAs. There was an interaction effect between health consciousness and source. A dietitian as the source was most persuasive to people with high health consciousness, while low health conscious people were most influenced by a celebrity. The information processing route was biased by the match of argument and source. Informative argument made by an ordinary person was more likely to motivate adolescents to use nutrition label, while testimonial argument made by a celebrity was the most effective. The findings are discussed in light of ELM and match-up hypotheses. Recommendations are also offered for public health communication campaigns. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Dong, Zhuowen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-84). / Abstracts also in Chinese; appendixes in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Table of Content --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1 / Publicity Campaign of Nutrition Labelling Scheme in Hong Kong --- p.1 / Adolescent and Nutrition Label (NL) --- p.3 / Significance of the Research --- p.4 / Organization of Thesis --- p.7 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Literature Review --- p.9 / Adolescents and Preventive Health Behavior --- p.9 / Health Consciousness --- p.10 / Information Processing of Adolescents --- p.12 / Informative or Testimonial Argument --- p.13 / Expert vs. Celebrity vs. Ordinary person --- p.15 / Source credibility --- p.20 / Initial attitude --- p.24 / Self-efficacy --- p.25 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Theoretical Framework --- p.28 / The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion --- p.28 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Research questions and Hypothesis --- p.34 / Chapter Chapter 5: --- Methodology --- p.39 / Subjects and Design --- p.40 / Procedure --- p.40 / Materials and Manipulations --- p.41 / Independent variables --- p.44 / Dependent variables --- p.46 / Chapter Chapter 6: --- Results --- p.49 / Health Consciousness Assessment --- p.49 / General results --- p.49 / Covariate --- p.56 / Predictors of Behavioral Intention --- p.56 / Hypothesis Testing and Answers to Research Questions --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 7: --- Discussion --- p.59 / Chapter Chapter 8: --- Implication --- p.66 / Chapter Chapter 9: --- Limitation and Direction for Future research --- p.69 / References --- p.72 / Lists of Appendices / Chapter Appendix A --- :Experiment Questionnaire --- p.85 / Chapter Appendix B --- :Experiment Masterial--- PSA --- p.87 / Chapter Appendix C --- :Experiment Masterial--- PSA --- p.88 / Chapter Appendix D --- :Experiment Masterial--- PSA --- p.89 / Chapter Appendix E --- :Experiment Masterial--- PSA --- p.90 / Chapter Appendix F --- :Experiment Masterial--- PSA --- p.91 / Chapter Appendix G --- :A Proposed PSA of Nutrition Labels --- p.92

Taking into account of the colonial nature of modern Hong Kong, this author is to examine how the TWGHs as a medical space gradually developed from one that used only Chinese medicine into one in which Chinese medicine and western medicine coexisted. However, it finally became a western style hospital using only western medicine in the inpatient services in the 1940s, along with the growing hegemony of western medicine that was underpinned by colonial power. The multidimensional relationships among different agents in the process of transformation of medical services in the TWGHs constitutes another important theme of this thesis. These relationships touched upon a series of significant interactions between colonial government and Chinese community, colonial authorities and the Tung Wah Board of Directors, Chinese and western medical practitioners, Chinese community and the Tung Wah authorities, and so on. / The implantation, dissemination and expansion of modern western medicine, as an important part of western learning that infiltrated into the Orient, exerted profound impacts on Chinese traditional medical patterns and Chinese medical ideas and practices. As the center for exchange between Chinese and Western Culture, Hong Kong became a significant space for the spread and practice of western medicine. A wide range of western medical services and activities were delivered and developed by the colonial government, western missionaries, benevolent societies, and private practitioners in order to promote the development and popularization of western medicine among the Chinese community, including the establishment of hospitals, dispensaries and clinics, the opening of medical schools and training of western doctors, and the promotion of public health education. / This thesis also points out that the early intense prejudice and resistance against western medicine is not necessarily and cannot be entirely attributed to the underlying difference in the concept and practice of healing and sickness in the two different medical systems. Instead, I argue that a number of technical and practical factors in the delivery of western medical services provided by different agencies greatly affected and determined the choices and uses of the Chinese population. At the same time, the gradual recognition and reception of western medicine among the Chinese was not only the passive result of the compulsory western medical system developed by the colonial government, but also an active realization of the real efficiency and value of western medicine among the indigenous population and their consent and acceptance of its ideology and cultural value, to a great extent. / This thesis examines the confrontation and interaction between Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and the diverse and complicated Chinese attitudes towards western medicine by studying the history of the introduction of western medicine into Hong Kong and the case of transformation of Chinese and western medical services in the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals (TWGHs) during the period between 1894 and 1941. The history of the TWGHs dates back to the opening of the Tung Wah Hospital in 1870. Originally intended for the accommodation and treatment of those Chinese who had strong fears and prejudices against western medicine, the Tung Wah Hospital was founded to provide treatment only by Chinese doctors using Chinese medicine. The bubonic plague of 1894 in Hong Kong marked an important turning point in the history of medical services of the Tung Wah Hospital. Since then, western medicine was formally introduced into the Tung Wah Hospital in 1897. / 楊祥銀. / Adviser: Hon-ming Yip. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: A, page: 0715. / Thesis (doctoral)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 279-306). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / School code: 1307. / Yang Xiangyin.