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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Remoção biológica de matéria orgânica e nutrientes de esgotos sanitários utilizando reatores em bateladas seqüenciais / Biological removal of organic matter and nutrients from wastewater using sequencing batch reactors

Brasil, Danielle Patrício 25 February 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:19:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Danielle Patricio Brasil.pdf: 2152966 bytes, checksum: e515ac3042d83351a7ee136737507f27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-25 / In recent years there has been a rapid deterioration in water quality due to the disposal of large amounts of nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, which are described as the major responsible for the phenomenon of eutrophication. In order to minimize the impacts with the release of these nutrients, this study investigated the performance of two sequencing batch reactors on removal of organic matter and nutrients in sewage. The reactors were constructed of glass with a volume of 12,6 L and treated 12,6 L / day of raw sewage in three batches of eight hours. The reactor 1 (RBS1) was operated with sludge age of 10 days and the reactor 2 (RBS2) with sludge age of 7 days. The operation of the reactors was divided into 4 phases: in phases 1 and 2 it was inoculated a sludge with SSV concentrations of 2470 mg.L and in phases 3 and 4 it was inoculated a sludge with SSV concentrations of 1800 mg.L - 1 , in both reactors. Phases 1 and 3 were characterized as a period of acclimatization of phases 2 and 4 respectively. The physical and chemical parameters monitored were: pH, alkalinity, the fractions of solids, total COD, filtered COD, nitrogen compounds, total phosphorus and orthophosphate. Beyond this, it were also performed in stage 4 respirometric tests associated with laboratory analysis to check the phosphorus release and the consumption of organic material in anaerobic environment and the absorption of phosphorus in aerobic environment. The results showed that the reactors were efficient in removing organic matter in all stages. Regarding to the removal of TKN, the reactors had almost the same behavior in phases 2 and 4, with its efficiencies of around 93% and 96% for rbs1 and 96% and 94% for RBS2 respectively. The removal efficiency of ammonia was similar in the reactors, with an average of approximately 95% in phases 2 and 4. The biological phosphorus removal showed an average efficiency of 91% of total phosphorus and 89% of orthophosphate in phase 1 of rbs1, and in the other phases did not exceed efficiencies of 70%. It was also observed in respirometric tests associated with laboratory analysis that it is possible to occur phosphorus release and denitrification in the anaerobic zone simultaneously, when there is presence of OAF and soluble biodegradable material. / Nos últimos anos tem-se observado uma acelerada deterioração da qualidade das águas devido a descarga de efluentes com grandes quantidades de nutrientes, principalmente, nitrogênio e fósforo, os quais são apontados como os principais responsáveis pelo fenômeno de eutrofização. Com a finalidade de minimizar os impactos causados com o lançamento desses nutrientes, o presente trabalho investigou o desempenho de dois reatores em bateladas seqüenciais na remoção de matéria orgânica e nutrientes presentes em esgotos sanitários. Os reatores foram construídos em vidro com volume útil de 12,6L e trataram 12,6L/ciclo de esgoto bruto em três bateladas de oito horas. O reator 1 (RBS1) foi operado com idade de lodo de 10 dias e o reator 2 (RBS2) com idade de lodo de 7 dias. A operação dos reatores foi dividida em 4 fases: as fases 1 e 3 foram caracterizadas como período de aclimatação das fases 2 e 4 respectivamente. Os parâmetros físico-químicos monitorados foram: pH, alcalinidade, as frações de sólidos, DQO total, DQO filtrada, compostos nitrogenados, fósforo total e ortofosfato. Além disso, foram realizados na fase 4 testes respirométricos associados a análises laboratoriais para avaliar a liberação do fósforo e o consumo do material orgânico em ambiente anaeróbio e a absorção do fósforo em ambiente aeróbio. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os reatores foram eficientes na remoção de matéria orgânica em todas as fases. Quanto à remoção de NTK, os reatores apresentaram praticamente o mesmo comportamento nas fases 2 e 4, sendo suas eficiências de aproximadamente 93% e 96% para o RBS1 e de 96% e 94% para o RBS2, respectivamente. A eficiência de remoção de amônia foi semelhante nos reatores, apresentando média aproximada dos 95%, nas fases 2 e 4. A remoção biológica de fósforo apresentou eficiência média de 91% do fósforo total e 89% do ortofosfato na fase 1 do RBS1, e nas demais fases não ultrapassaram eficiências de 70%. Observou-se também nos testes respirométricos associados a análises laboratoriais que quando há presença dos OAF e de material solúvel biodegradável suficiente, é possível ocorrer simultaneamente liberação de fósforo e desnitrificação na zona anaeróbia.

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