<p> The purpose of this action research study was to examine the effects of the stigma of mental illness towards individuals with mental illness on services provided by medical professionals, specifically, registered nurses who work in an emergency department (ED). There have been numerous studies on how attitudes towards mental illness can be present in health care professionals; however, none that focused specifically on the attitudes of ED nurses. Nurses working in the ED are often the first health care professional a patient with mental illness sees and their attitude can influence the rest of the ED visit. The Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Workers (Modgill, Patten, Knaak, Kassam, &amp; Szeto, 2014. &ldquo;Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC): Examination of Psychometric Properties and Responsiveness&rdquo;) and the Caring Nurse Patient Interaction Short Form (Cossette, Cote, Pepin, Ricard, &amp; D&rsquo;Aoust, 2006. &ldquo;A Dimensional Structure of Nurse-Patient Interactions from a Caring Perspective: Refinement of the Caring Nurse-Patient Interaction Scale (CNPI-Short Scale)&rdquo;) were used to measure attitude towards stigma and the perception of the care a nurse gives a patient. Thirty-four nurses from two emergency departments participated in the research with the expectation of there being high levels of stigma which would in turn affect the care given to the patients with mental illness. Descriptive statistics, multiple regression and ANOVA were used to find low to moderate levels of stigma of mental illness, and these nurses had a perception of providing excellent care to their patients. This is in contrast to other studies finding moderate to high levels of stigma in general among health care professionals. This information can be useful in exploring and then using any policies and procedures present in the research sites for the benefit of other emergency departments. Additional research is planned to further review these sites and other emergency departments within the hospital network to ascertain if these results hold true, and if so, identify the dynamics involved.</p><p>

<p> Depression among the elderly is a significant concern due to the limited evidence-based treatment options and its overall global burden. Walking activity as a form of physical activity serves as an evidence-based intervention in addressing the issue of depression among the elderly. The depression level among elderly patients was examined (n = 17, Mage = 68.71, SD = 3.04) before walking activity using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) &ndash; 15 questionnaire version. Thirty minutes of a bi-weekly walking activity was implemented for eight weeks followed by the depression level measured using the GDS-15. There were statistically significant differences across the variables before walking activity (Mbefore = 7.71, Sbefore = 1.53) and after walking activity (Mafter = 6.59, Safter = 1.58, P = .00) determined through the utilization of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. The finding supports the consistent usage of walking activity in reducing the symptoms of depression consequently decreasing mortality and morbidity rate, reducing healthcare expenditure as well as addressing the overall depression related public health concerns. </p><p>

<p> Throughout history, people suffering from a mental illness or emotional crisis have been treated quite differently. The accepted treatments of the day could be cruel, and sometimes deadly. Within these times, there have also been people who questioned treatment-as-usual, particularly when they viewed that treatment as either unhelpful or dangerous. Alternative treatment programs have been developed with varying success. CooperRiis is a therapeutic healing community in North Carolina that opened in 2003. It is providing an alternative to treatment-as-usual to inpatient psychiatric hospitalization. This case study aimed to investigate whether there was a flexibility within the organization that allowed it to adapt to the changing needs within its own community, as well as to continue operating within the larger mental health community, to remain operational. The findings resulted in different revelations. It was discovered that the process of how decisions are made impact the community differently. Also, whether a leader is connected or disconnected from the community has a significant impact on it. These aspects, in particular, can influence feelings of empowerment or disempowerment within the community. Recommendations are provided both for where CooperRiis could benefit from more focus, as well as aspects of the programming it is doing well. In many of the alternative programs that are developed, a common thread is the focus on connection, as well as finding the humanity within both the providers and recipients of help. CooperRiis is yet another example of how this community, connection, and humanity is the therapy that heals.</p><p>

<p> This study brings attention to the growing body of literature examining the role of culture and context in the study of generation-status differences in cross-cultural coping and physical well-being among immigrants to the United State. Prior literature on the unique challenges, stressors, coping strategies, and health outcomes for immigrants provides a basis for hypothesized generation status differences on cross-cultural coping (collectivistic, avoidance, and engagement) and physical well-being (health, safety, and environmental). A sample of 118 male and female first, 1.5, and second-generation immigrants of non-European backgrounds, between the ages of 18 and 35, were recruited from the local community to complete an online questionnaire. Results from the cross-sectional study did not yield support for the hypothesized generational status differences. However, exploratory analyses yielded several significant correlations including a positive relationship between collective coping and the safety dimension of physical well-being. Within-generation exploratory analyses yielded several significant correlations and differences on measures of coping strategies and physical well-being for demographic/contextual factors such as religiosity, age, SES, English fluency, connection to the U.S. culture, education, and ethnicity amongst 1.5 and second-generation immigrants. The empirical investigation of cross-cultural dimensions of coping and physical well-being among immigrants represents a new direction for research. This study also has potential implications for more nuanced understandings of the immigrant paradox, the socioecological perspective of acculturation, collective coping, and inclusion of both objective and subjective experiences of the environment. Implications for theory and practice, methodological limitations, and suggestions for future research are also discussed.</p><p>

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / rianÃas acompanhadas nos Centro de Apoio Psicossocial Infantojuvenil - CAPSi de Fortaleza. E um estudo transversal, de fevereiro à dezembro de 2012. Os dados foram coletados por estudantes da saÃde, onde os entrevistados foram os responsÃveis pelas crianÃas. Participaram da pesquisa 292 crianÃas. A maioria das crianÃa sÃo do sexo masculino (74,3%), a mÃdia de idade 8,1 anos e recebem benefÃcios social. As famÃlias pertencem a classe socioeconÃmica D e E (89,3%), o chefe das famÃlias sÃo os pais das crianÃas (78,6%), com apenas o nÃvel fundamental (62,9%), desenvolve atividade renumerada (77,6%), possui renda familiar (95,5%), menor ou igual a 622,00 (58,5%), moram em casa (94,1%), prÃpria (61,1%) e o nÃmero de moradores entre 1 a 4 (88,3%). A maior parte das crianÃas acompanhadas (81,5%) apresenta algum tipo de problema de saÃde, onde (46,6%) referia ser saÃde mental. Entre as hipÃteses a mais frequente à o transtorno de comportamento (44,9%). A maioria das crianÃas à encaminhada da atenÃÃo primÃria (33,2%), frequentam uma vez ou mais por mÃs (69,1%), realizam mais tratamentos individuais (83,3%), com os mÃdicos (92,9%), realizando mais abordagem medicamentosa (44,5%) e nÃo sÃo acompanhadas em outros locais (65,4%). Em relaÃÃo a abordagem medicamentosa, melhoram com o tratamento (83,1%), nÃo relatam problema (70,%). A abordagem nÃo medicamentosa revela melhora (58,8%), nÃo sente problema (97,1%). A proporÃÃo de utilizaÃÃo dos medicamentos nas crianÃas foi de 88,4%. A mÃdia de utilizaÃÃo de medicamentos foi de 1,2 fÃrmacos por crianÃas, os mais prescritos foram: risperidona (20,5%), carbamazepina (17,1%), amitriptilina (4,8%), clorpromazina (3,9%), fluoxetina (8,4%), haloperidol (8,7%), imipramina (7,2%), metilfenidato (6,6%), periciazina (7,5%) e valproato de sÃdio (5,1%). A maior parte dos responsÃveis (72,7%) afirma conhecer os medicamentos, o uso terapÃutico (60,7), sÃo orientados pelo mÃdico (96,3%), relatam gostar (60,7%), recebem gratuitamente (54,7%) e quando falta, compram (56,7%). Os fatores que relacionou-se ao uso dos psicofÃrmacos foram: as crianÃas do sexo masculino, mais jovens, beneficiadas, acompanhadas pelas mÃes, de estado civil casado, escolaridade ensino fundamental e com atividades renumeradas, crianÃas de famÃlias pobres, moram em casas, prÃprias, com um a quatro moradores no domicÃlio. Em relaÃÃo aos serviÃos de saÃde, a maior utilizaÃÃo associou-se as crianÃas que possuÃam problema de saÃde, nÃo acompanhadas em outros locais, encaminhadas por outros serviÃos, as crianÃas que frequentam uma vez ou mais por mÃs o CAPSi, as crianÃas acompanhadas pelos mÃdicos, nÃo participam dos grupos, das atividades do terapeuta ocupacional e do acompanhamento do psicÃlogo. O estudo revelou um elevado uso de psicofÃrmacos em crianÃas acompanhadas nos CAPSi de Fortaleza, sugerindo uma urgÃncia em intervenÃÃes famacoterapÃuticas na promoÃÃo de uso racional dos medicamentos. / This thesis aims to evaluate the use of psychotropic drugs in children followed in Psychosocial Support Center infantojuvenil - CAPSi of Fortaleza. And a cross-sectional study, from February to December 2012. Data were collected by students of health, where the respondents were responsible for the children. Participants were 292 children. Most of the children were male (74.3%), mean age 8.1 years and receive social benefits. The families belong to socioeconomic class D and E (89.3%), the head of the families are the parents of the children (78.6%), with only the basic level (62.9%), renumbered develops activity (77, 6%), a family income (95.5%), less than or equal to 622.00 (58.5%) living at home (94.1%), very (61.1%) and the number of residents between 1 to 4 (88.3%). Most of the infants (81.5%) have some type of health problem, where (46.6%) reported mental health. Among the hypotheses is the most common behavior disorder (44.9%). Most children are referred from primary care (33.2%), attending once or more per month (69.1%) performed more individual treatments (83.3%), doctors (92.9%) , performing more medication approach (44.5%) and were not followed in other locations (65.4%). Regarding medication approach, improve with treatment (83.1%) report no problems (70%). The non-drug approach reveals improvement (58.8%), feels no problem (97.1%). The proportion of use of medicines in children was 88.4%. The average use of medications was 1.2 drugs by children, the most frequently prescribed were: risperidone (20.5%), carbamazepine (17.1%), amitriptyline (4.8%), chlorpromazine (3.9% ), fluoxetine (8.4%), haloperidol (8.7%), imipramine (7.2%), methylphenidate (6.6%), periciazina (7.5%) and sodium valproate (5.1% ). Most responsible (72.7%) say they know the drugs, the therapeutic use (60.7), are guided by the physician (96.3%) reported liking (60.7%) receive free (54, 7%) and lack when they buy (56.7%). Factors related to the use of psychotropics were the male children, younger beneficiaries, accompanied by their mothers, the married state, schooling and school activities renumbered, children from poor families, live in houses, own with one to four household members. In relation to health services, greater use was associated with children who had health problems, unaccompanied elsewhere, referred by other services, children who attend once a month or more the CAPSi, children accompanied by doctors , not participating groups, the activities of the occupational therapist and psychologist monitoring. The study reveals a high use of psychotropic drugs in children followed us CAPSi Fortaleza, suggesting an urgency in famacoterapÃuticas interventions in promoting rational use of medicine

<p> Situated within scholarship on applied folklore, this dissertation discusses and evaluates the 2013&ndash;2015 Pacific Post Partum Support Society&rsquo;s (PPPSS) &ldquo;Strengthening Community-based Resources for Families Experiencing Perinatal Depression and Anxiety and Their Health Care Providers&rdquo; project. In this project, working with PPPSS staff, contractors, and volunteers, I used mixed methods to create educational resources and new services for clients and professional helpers. The overall project was designed to reduce the stigma of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) and to encourage struggling new parents to reach out for help sooner, when treatment is likely to be less expensive and more effective. Making use of post-project follow-up interviews with project participants and staff, this dissertation documents, reflects on, and evaluates this project in order to serve as a case study to guide the development and implementation of similar applied folklore projects. </p><p> By analyzing the narratives of project participants, this dissertation also examines the multifaceted, pervasive, and profound impact of stigma on new parents&rsquo; perinatal experiences, especially those experiencing a PMAD. This dissertation also discusses the process of sharing personal experience narratives in a supportive environment that formed the key inspiration for this applied project, as well some of the potential impacts on parents who share these narratives, including providing a way to understand their own experiences. </p><p> This dissertation encourages additional applied folklore work to support struggling new parents and offers suggestions for how health care providers, community support workers, and friends and family members can better support new parents in the hopes of promoting positive outcomes for families.</p>

<p> This thesis explores different ways the media influences the psyche and society. Although research has found some positive effects, it points to primarily negative impacts, including manipulating emotions, instilling fear, promoting racism, influencing social control, and ultimately impacting peoples&rsquo; perceptions of reality and the world, which can extend into problematic effects on the electoral process and the shaping of popular culture. North Americans can be adversely impacted by media images and content to which they are exposed daily. Negative and fear-producing content can contribute to mental illness as well as societal degeneration. This thesis uses a hermeneutic methodology to identify ways in which the media may be negatively impacting the psyche. The research suggests connections between media and the contents of the cultural unconscious related to the American dream, female objectification, and fear of the other. It posits that fear-producing media can be seen as a form of psychological abuse.</p>

<p> Limited research has attempted to quantify Fear of Missing Out. Only one prior study has examined adolescents&rsquo; experience of Fear of Missing Out and did so with a small, homogenous Belgian sample. In order to expand upon this limited research base, the present study sought to examine Fear of Missing Out with an American adolescent sample. Specifically, the purpose of the present study was to analyze the reliability and validity of the Fear of Missing Out Scale (Przybylski, Murayama, DeHaan &amp; Gladwell, 2013) that was originally developed with an adult population, as well as strengthen understanding of Fear of Missing Out as it pertained to specific demographics. Students (grades 5&ndash;12) participating in a large, urban school district after school program in North Texas were surveyed on their experience with Fear of Missing Out and frequency of social media engagement (<i>n</i> = 961; 55% male). Results of a principal components analysis confirmed the presence of a 1-factor model, maintaining all 10 original scale items with strong internal consistency (&alpha; = 0.93). Regression analysis suggested Fear of Missing Out was predictive of increased social media engagement (<i> p</i> = .003). Gender and ethnicity were not related to Fear of Missing Out; grade level and Fear of Missing Out were inversely related, such that the older a student was, the less Fear of Missing Out was reported. Future researchers should utilize intentional and purposeful methodology for measuring social media engagement and focus on strengthening the validity and reliability of Fear of Missing Out as a unique construct. Further, theorists should consider updating their developmental perspectives related to adolescence based on advances in technology, media consumption, and interpersonal communication, particularly via social media. Practitioners are encouraged to understand and disseminate this information as it pertains to educating adolescents and their families about the benefits and costs of mobile technology and social media engagement.</p>

<p> This thesis explores effective and unintrusive interventions for treating noncompliant teens. Using hermeneutic and heuristic research methodologies, the use of coercion in adolescent mental health care is examined, with specific focus on the practice of transporting, or escorting, adolescents to treatment to determine its potential for trauma. Previous scanty research into the subjective experience of teenagers who have experienced being escorted to treatment indicated that treatment outcomes were not affected by the initial transportation. The research into trauma, adolescent psychology, and the effects of coercion as presented in this thesis, however, shows that being escorted has a high probability of traumatizing an adolescent. The author concludes that teaching noncompliant adolescents reflexivity and autonomy is more effective than prohibition and coercion. A re-visioning of adolescent defenses and symptomology suggests embracing all aspects of an adolescent's experience as evolutionary developmental adaptations in need of gentle guidance rather than inhibition. </p><p>

<p> Childbirth trauma for mothers in hospital settings is an escalating reality in American healthcare. References on childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) show gaps in detection and care. Using hermeneutic and heuristic methodologies, this thesis explores cultural and individual factors that lead to the traumatization of women and the medical failure to restore them to holistic well-being. Literature reviewed contrasts contemporary childbirth paradigms&mdash;technocratic, holistic, and humanistic&mdash;and their implications on systemic protocols and birth outcomes. Somatic and psychospiritual modalities to treat trauma are introduced. The author&rsquo;s birth narrative and analysis illustrates the inner experience of trauma, while providing psychological insights using the Heroine&rsquo;s Journey as a framework for liberating women from patriarchal victimization and facilitating individuation&mdash;the Jungian model of psychological development. Clinical applications are offered that aim to be protective for would-be mothers and restorative for women suffering from childbirth trauma&mdash;providing healing on mental, emotional, and spiritual levels.</p><p>