This study explored the Object Relations of a sample of 45 subjects who were using alcohol and were diagnosed with co-morbid Depressive or Bipolar disorders and/or Personality disorders. All subjects were receiving treatment at a government psychiatric hospital in South Africa. The similarities and differences in the Object Relations of these individuals were identified. A biographical questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorder Test (AUDIT), which was used as a screening measure, and the Bells Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (BORRTI) were administered to obtain information from a purposive sample. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the results of the assessment measures. Analysis of the BORRTI data indicated a high rate of depressive and personality disorders within this sample. Results of the sub-sample (n=29) whose scores were included in the Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient analysis indicate that higher levels of alcohol consumption result in increased levels of hallucinations and delusions. Other correlations were identified between high levels of alcohol consumption and heightened levels of reality distortions and more uncertainty in the perceptions of these individuals. Significant differences in the scores of the male and female participants were identified. With the female participants, the higher the level of alcohol consumption, the lower the individuals scored in terms of pathological levels of egocentricity, uncertain perceptions, insecure attachments, alienation, social incompetence as well as hallucinations and delusions. Alternatively, in the male sample, higher levels of alcohol consumption result in increased hallucinations and delusions, reality distortions, uncertainty in perceptions, alienation, social incompetence and egocentricity. / Psychology / M.A. (Research Psychology)

No description available.

This study measured the effectiveness of rehabilitative day treatment (RDT) programs for persons with severe and persistant mental illness in San Bernardino County. The effectiveness of RDT services was determined by rates of recidivism.

MA ( Psychology) / Department of Psychology

Text in English / Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP) is a form of Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) used to treat individuals’ psychological problems. EAP is an interactive process in which a licensed mental health practitioner, a credentialed equine professional and suitable equines work together to address psychotherapy goals. Since the 1990s, research on EAP has grown rapidly in the United States of America (USA) and Europe, however research in the South African context is lacking. This descriptive and exploratory research study explored and described the experiences of licensed mental health practitioners and/or credentialed equine specialists who have included EAP within their practise by focusing on the role that equines play within the psychotherapeutic process. The knowledge of this study was derived from a Constructivistic epistemology. Constructivism argues that humans attain and build knowledge and meaning from their experiences. Participants were selected based on purposeful criterion sampling. Only licensed mental health practitioners or credentialed equine specialists who included EAP within their practise, registered at the Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy Institute of South Africa (EAPISA) or the Equine-Assisted Growth and Learning Association (EAGALA) were considered for participation. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with six participants. A post-interview follow-up email was used to gain additional feedback from each participant. Finally, data was analysed using thematic analysis. As EAP is a fairly new modality of therapy within South Africa, the contribution of this study is to add to the growing body of professional EAP literature. Thematic analysis identified seven main themes: shifting dynamics in the therapeutic relationship, setting the scene for storytelling, the equine as an intermediary and therapeutic tool, what the equine sees is what you get, instantaneous but lasting results, variations and similarities in approach and activities, the emotive motives of EAP practitioners. These themes are discussed in relation to the research findings. Findings of this study showed substantial agreement in what the equine brings to the psychotherapeutic session: unique equine attributes, opportunities for metaphorical learning, and relational aspects. The participants demonstrated a consensus in the belief that EAP can be beneficial to a large spectrum of psychotherapeutic populations in South Africa. A recommendation for future research is for larger, international studies that explore the viewpoints of psychotherapists who practice equine therapies in other countries in order to expand the knowledge base and address the competency and standards discussion in the EAP field. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

absent / Agrégation de l'enseignement supérieur, Orientation philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) represents an effective treatment for individuals with severe mental illness. Though studies estimate that as many as half of all people with severe mental illness are parents, little is known about consumers receiving ACT services who are parents. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to 1) estimate the prevalence of parent ACT consumers, 2) identify current ACT team policies and practices for treating parent consumers, and 3) examine the perspective of parent consumers served by ACT teams. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed via two separate studies. In study 1, eighty-two ACT providers from 76 teams across the United States and Canada were surveyed to determine the prevalence of parent ACT consumers, ACT team policies for identifying the parental status of consumers, treatment services available for parent consumers, and provider attitudes about parent consumers. Providers estimated roughly 21.6% of ACT consumers were parents. Less than half of providers (46.3%) reported formally asking about parental status during intake and only 20.7% providers belonged to ACT teams that provide special programs/services designed for parent consumers. The majority of providers (75.6%) reported negative or mixed attitudes about parents with severe mental illness. In study 2, seventeen parents with severe mental illness being served by ACT teams were interviewed about parenting, the relationship between parenting and severe mental illness, parenting needs, and suggestions for improved treatment services for parents. All parents were able to identify at least one positive aspect of parenting and most parents (76.5%) also identified negative aspects of parenting. Loss of custody emerged as a significant parenting problem, with the majority of parents (88.2%) experiencing loss of custody at least once. Given the difficulties of being a parent and having to manage a severe mental illness, parents expressed interest in several parent-focused treatment services, including family therapy, parenting skills, communication skills training, resources/finances for children, and social support groups with peers. When asked about overall satisfaction with ACT services, most participants with adult children (87.5%) reported having no unmet parent-related needs and high satisfaction (4.63 out of 5) with ACT services, whereas parents with young children (77.8%) reported having numerous unmet parenting needs and low satisfaction (3.78 out of 5) with ACT services. Thus, the age of participants’ children was a significant factor, indicating that the ACT treatment model may not be adequately serving parents of young, dependent children. Overall, findings suggest the need for more attention and focus on parent consumers, including formal identification of consumers’ parental status and improved parent-related treatment services and support