本研究旨在探究國民小學師傅校長教導課程與永續領導能力之關係。本研究方法為文獻分析法、問卷調查法及後置訪談及座談法，問卷調查樣本以臺灣地區各縣市公立國民小學校長為研究對象，共1000人，樣本回收732份，回收率達73.2%；樣本可用726份，可用率達72.6%；焦點團體座談係邀請曾經接受過師傅校長教導之現任公立國民小學校長參加。研究工具包含採用之「國民小學師傅校長教導課程調查問卷」、自編之「國民小學校長永續領導能力調查問卷」及「國民小學師傅校長教導課程與永續領導能力座談大綱」。本研究統計方法為描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析、多元逐步迴歸分析、結構方程模式（SEM）分析及內容分析等方法進行分析討論。根據研究結果與分析後歸納之研究結論如下： 一、師傅校長教導課程含瞭解學校、就任校長、推動校務、化解衝突與生涯發展。 二、永續領導能力含深廣學習、分佈領導、社群連結、資源凝聚與延續傳承。 三、師傅校長教導課程的得分程度佳，並以「推動校務」課程得分最高，而「就任校長」課程得分最低。 四、校長永續領導能力的現況得分程度佳，並以「資源凝聚」能力表現最佳，以「深廣學習」能力得分最低。 五、校長背景變項中，性別、最高學歷在師傅校長教導課程看法的差異達顯著水準，但年齡、年資、學校規模、受訓地點、學校區域未達顯著差異。 六、校長背景變項中，年齡、年資、學校規模、學校區域對知覺永續領導能力的差異達顯著水準，但性別、最高學歷、受訓地點未達顯著差異。 七、師傅校長教導課程得分高分組者，在永續領導能力得分顯著優於中、低分組；師傅校長教導課程得分中分組者，在永續領導能力得分顯著優於低分組。 八、師傅校長教導課程與永續領導能力間呈顯著正相關。 九、師傅校長教導課程對永續領導能力具有中度預測力，且以生涯發展課程最具有預測力。 十、師傅校長教導課程對永續領導能力的模式經驗證後適配度佳，具有顯著影響力。 最後，本研究依研究結果分別提出以下建議： 壹、對教育行政機關的建議 一、校長培訓的課程應嵌入師傅校長教導及永續領導能力。 二、校長培訓課程應增加推動校務、生涯發展課程，以及深廣學習、延續傳承、分佈領導能力。 三、應加強小規模學校校長之永續領導能力。 四、擬定師傅校長教導課程之具體大綱及內容。 五、重視師傅校長的遴選、訓練、配對、教導與評鑑。 六、舉辦校長永續領導能力涵養之研習進修活動。 七、統合相關資源，以建置校長資訊提供及發展之網絡。 貳、對國民小學校長的建議 一、建置校長經驗分享平台，以幫助其成長與發展。 二、組成校長專業社群以增進交流、激盪與對話。 三、鼓勵退休或資深優秀校長擔任師傅校長。 四、強化永續領導的觀念，從學校長期發展進行思維。 五、掌握校務發展的持續性及計畫性的變革步調，延續重要計畫。 六、瞭解學校具有長期時間與寬廣空間之影響力。 七、注重專業知能與實踐能力，以持續進修達成自我之提升。 / The main purpose of this research is to study of relationship of principal’s mentoring curriculum and principal’s sustainable leadership in elementary school. The research methods used was literature review, questionnaires investigation, focus group sessions. The research instrument was distributed to 1000 elementary public school principals all over Taiwan and 726 valid samples were used in this study. The data obtained was interpreted using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé posteriori comparison, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, Multiple Regression and SEM model through the use of LISREL 8.71, and content analysis. The conclusions drawn from the study were as follows: 1. The principal’s mentoring curriculum includes: understanding the school, taking up the post of a principal, promoting the administrative affairs of schools, dissolving the conflict and career to develop. 2. Sustainable leadership of an elementary school principal includes: deep and broad to study, distributed leadership, community link, getting resources and conservation. 3. The mentoring curriculum “promoting the administrative affairs of schools” rank first and “taking up the post of a principal” rank last. 4. All the elementary principal sustainable leadership abilities received a positive outcome and “getting resources” rank the highest, “deep and broad to study” rank last. 5. The elementary school principal’s background demography sex and education incurred a significant difference with all the mentoring curriculum. 6. The elementary school principal’s background demography age, years in service, school size, and school district incurred a significant difference with all the sustainable leadership abilities. 7. Elementary school principals who got high score on the mentoring curriculum were gotten better score in the sustainable leadership than low and middle ones, who got middle score on the mentoring curriculum were gotten better score in the sustainable leadership than low ones. 8. The mentoring curriculum for an elementary school principal is positively correlated with the sustainable leadership. 9. The mentoring curriculum for an elementary school principal could positively predict. 10. The model of mentoring curriculum to sustainable leadership for an elementary school principal is proper. In the last, based on the research results, the researcher propose some suggestions for “Educational Administrative Agencies” and “principal of elementary schools”, hoping to benefit the of the school principal preparation systems in the future.

本研究旨在瞭解國民小學校長混合教練、師傅教導與學校效能之內涵與現況，並探討其關係，進而建構與驗證三者之互動模式，最後依據研究結果提出建議。首先，進行文獻探討，作為研究立論之基礎及發展研究工具之依據；其次，透過問卷調查臺灣北、中、南、東四區之500位公立國民小學現任校長（有效問卷421份），以分析現況及驗證理論；再者，依據正式問卷回收後之統計分析結果，進行後置焦點團體座談與專家訪談，以探究問卷調查結果背後的可能意涵及影響因素，並尋求受訪者對本研究議題的具體建議；最後，依據研究結果進行綜合討論，以形成結論與建議。茲將本研究之主要結論與建議歸納如下： 壹、國民小學校長混合教練、師傅教導與學校效能之內涵與現況 一、國民小學校長在「COACH混合教練模式量表」及其向度的現況得分大多屬於中高程度，且以「組織專業知能」向度的得分最高。 二、國民小學校長在「MENTOR師傅教導模式量表」及其向度的現況得分大多屬於中高程度，且以「楷模典範形塑」向度的得分最高。 三、國民小學校長在「學校效能指標量表」及其向度的現況得分大多屬於高程度，且以「社區認同」、「環境設備」向度的得分最高。 貳、不同背景變項的國民小學校長在混合教練、師傅教導與學校效能得分之差異情形 一、國民小學校長的背景變項中，性別、擔任校長年資、跟隨教練校長（輔導校長）學習與否、跟隨師傅校長學習與否，在混合教練得分之差異達顯著水準。 二、國民小學校長的背景變項中，跟隨教練校長（輔導校長）學習與否、擔任教練校長（輔導校長）與否、跟隨師傅校長學習與否，在師傅教導得分之差異達顯著水準。 三、國民小學校長的背景變項中，年齡、擔任校長年資、跟隨師傅校長學習與否、學校區域，在學校效能得分之差異達顯著水準。 參、國民小學校長混合教練、師傅教導與學校效能之相關情形 一、整體混合教練與整體師傅教導間呈顯著的正相關，且以「教導專業職能」與「COACH混合教練模式量表」之相關程度最高。 二、整體混合教練與整體學校效能間呈顯著的正相關，且以「行政領導」與「COACH混合教練模式量表」之相關程度最高。 三、整體師傅教導與整體學校效能間呈顯著的正相關，且以「行政領導」與「MENTOR師傅教導模式量表」之相關程度最高。 肆、建構國民小學校長混合教練與學校效能以及師傅教導與學校效能之互動模式分析 一、混合教練與學校效能互動模式之適配度與影響力良好，在整體適配度指標、比較適配度指標、精簡適配度指標、基本適配度指標與內在適配度指標皆佳，前因變項（混合教練）對後果變項（學校效能）也具有顯著的影響力。 二、師傅教導與學校效能互動模式之適配度與影響力良好，在整體適配度指標、比較適配度指標、精簡適配度指標、基本適配度指標與內在適配度指標皆佳，前因變項（師傅教導）對後果變項（學校效能）也具有顯著的影響力。 伍、驗證本研究建構之國民小學校長混合教練、師傅教導對學校效能模式 上游潛在變項二（師傅教導）對下游潛在變項（學校效能）較具有顯著的影響力，而上游潛在變項一（混合教練）對下游潛在變項（學校效能）則較不具影響力；綜言之，師傅教導對學校效能具有顯著的影響效果，但混合教練對學校效能的影響效果較小。 最後，本研究依據文獻探討、問卷調查、焦點團體座談與專家訪談等研究結果，提出相關建議，俾供主管教育行政機關、學校教育人員及後續研究之參考。 / The main purpose of this research was to investigate the blended coaching, mentoring, and school effectiveness for elementary school principals in Taiwan. The research methods included literature review, questionnaire survey, focus group sessions, and interviews. First, the literature review was the basis of argument and for the development of research tools. Secondly, the research instrument was distributed to 500 elementary school principals all over Taiwan and there were 421 valid samples which were used in this study. Moreover, after the statistical analysis of the questionnaire results, the focus group sessions and interviews were being held to explore the possibility of results and the influence factors behind the meaning. Finally, the comprehensive discussion was based on the research findings, and to make up conclusions and recommendations which were summarized as follows: A. In the aspect of blended coaching 1. The blended coaching includes five parts: Connect, Organize, Administrate, Collaborate, and Help. For principals, the best dimension is “Organize”. 2. The background variables in gender, years of service, following the coach principal, and following the mentor principal have significant influences on blended coaching. B. In the aspect of mentoring 1. The mentoring includes six parts: Model, Educate, Network, Tell, Outlook, and React. For principals, the best dimension is “Model”. 2. The background variables in following the coach principal, acting as the coach principal, and following the mentor principal have significant influences on mentoring. C. In the aspect of school effectiveness 1. The school effectiveness includes five parts: Administrative leadership, Teacher teaching, Student learning, Community identity, and Environmental equipment. For principals, the best dimension is “Community identity” and “Environmental equipment”. 2. The background variables in age, years of service, following the mentor principal, school district have significant influences on school effectiveness. D. In the aspect of relationships among blended coaching, mentoring, and school effectiveness 1. There were positively correlation existed among blended coaching, mentoring, and school effectiveness. 2. The model of blended coaching to school effectiveness is proper and the model of mentoring to school effectiveness is also proper. 3. Mentoring which is better than blended coaching promotes and has significant influences on school effectiveness for elementary school principals. In the end, based on the research results, the researcher proposed some recommendations for educational administrative agencies, school personnel, and following research, hoping to benefit the development of elementary school education and the school principal preparation systems in the future.

本研究旨在探討國民小學校長理想師傅校長特質與校長策略領導能力的內涵。本研究方法為文獻分析、問卷調查、焦點團體法與專家訪談法。而問卷調查樣本為臺灣地區各縣市公立國民小學校長共1000人，可用問卷714份，可用率為71.4%。焦點團體座談對象為現職國民小學校長；專家訪談對象為國內辦理國民小學校長職前儲訓或培育相關機構的行政人員。研究工具包含自編之「國民小學校長理想師傅校長特質與校長策略領導能力之研究調查問卷」、「國民小學校長理想師傅校長特質與校長策略領導能力之研究座談大綱」、「國民小學校長理想師傅校長特質與校長策略領導能力之研究專家訪談大綱」。本研究統計方法為描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析與薛費法事後比較、皮爾森積差相關、線性結構關係分析（SEM），內容分析等方法。根據研究結果與分析後歸納之研究結論如下： 壹、國民小學校長理想師傅校長特質之內涵包括師傅教導態度、個人自我要求、人際關係技巧、主動學習意願與經營實務素養。 貳、國民小學校長策略領導能力之內涵包括訂定目標、轉化行動、整合資源、核心技術與領導智慧。 參、國民小學校長理想中的師傅校長特質，以「經營實務素養」向度得分最高，而「師傅教導態度」向度得分最低。 肆、國民小學校長策略領導能力的現況得分程度佳，並以「核心技術」能力表現最佳。 伍、校長背景變項中，年齡、年資、受訓地點對知覺理想師傅校長特質的差異達顯著水準，但性別、最高學歷、學校規模、學校區域未達顯著差異。 陸、校長背景變項中，年齡、年資、學校規模、學校區域，對知覺策略領導能力的差異達顯著水準，而性別、最高學歷、受訓地點未達顯著差異。 柒、國民小學校長對理想師傅校長特質得分程度高分組者，在校長策略領導能力的得分顯著優於中、低分組。 捌、理想師傅校長特質與校長策略領導能力間呈顯著正相關。 玖、理想師傅校長特質對校長策略領導能力的模式經驗證後適配度佳，具有顯著影響力。 最後，本研究依研究結果分別提出以下建議： 壹、對教育行政機關的建議 一、校長培訓課程中應嵌入師傅校長教導，並增加師徒相處的時間。 二、遴選師傅校長時，應先瞭解校長的期待與需求。 三、應重視師傅校長的選擇、訓練、配對與課程安排。 四、應將縣市遴選師傅校長的作法推廣至其他辦理校長儲訓之單位。 五、應建置「師傅校長網絡（mentor network）」，持續給予校長支持。 六、校長培訓課程應納入策略領導能力涵養，並加強轉化行動的能力。 七、應強化校長策略領導知能，鼓勵相關學術研究與舉辦研習活動。 貳、對國民小學校長的建議 一、校長參加校長遴選時，應以適合自身條件的學校為考量。 二、鼓勵退休與資深優秀校長擔任師傅校長。 三、鼓勵校長積極參與專業社群，以增進經驗交流、互動與成長。 四、校長應重視策略領導能力的培養，並加強轉化行動的能力。 / The main purpose of this research is to study the ideal mentor’s traits for an elementary school principal and the strategic leadership ability of an elementary school principal. The research methods used was literature review, questionnaires investigation, focus group sessions and interviews. The research instrument was distributed to 1000 elementary public school principals all over Taiwan and 714 valid samples were used in this study. The data obtained was interpreted using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé posteriori comparison, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, SEM through the use of LISREL 8.71, and content analysis. The conclusions drawn from the study were as follows: 1. An elementary school principal ideal mentor’s traits includes: positive attitude, self requirement, strong people and communication skills, life long learner, and good manager of time and resources. 2. Strategic leadership ability of an elementary school principal includes: goal setting, translate strategy into action, align people and organizations, develops core competencies, and has leadership wisdom. 3. The mentor’s trait “good manager of time and resources” ranks first and “positive attitude” ranks last. 4. All the elementary principal strategic leadership abilities received a positive outcome and “develops core competencies” rank the highest. 5. The elementary school principal’s background demography age, years in service, and training unit incurred a significant difference with all the ideal mentor’s traits. 6. The elementary school principal’s background demography age, years in service, school size, and school district incurred a significant difference with all the strategic leadership abilities. 7. Elementary school principals who got high score on the ideal mentor’s traits were gotten better score in the strategic leadership ability than low and middle ones. 8. The ideal mentor’s traits for an elementary school principal are positively correlated with the strategic leadership ability of an elementary school principal. 9. The ideal mentor’s traits for an elementary school principal could positively predict the strategic leadership ability of an elementary school principal, and its “model fit indices” is proper. In the last, based on the research results, the researcher propose some suggestions for “Educational Administrative Agencies” and “principal of elementary schools”, hoping to benefit the of the school principal preparation systems in the future.

本研究係為建構我國高中校長培育之雛型，研究內容涵蓋培育專業課程、師傅校長、現場實習及相關配套措施等。為建立研究架構，先進行文獻分析探討及歸納，並事先訪談學校教師、校長及教育行政主管機關人員以蒐集實務運作意見，經編製成調查問卷，以作為調查工具。以臺北市高中校長、主任、國中校長及教育行政主管機關人員計268人為問卷發放對象，問卷回收222份，回收率達82.84%。問卷回收後，採平均數、標準差、次數分配表及交叉表等方法進行統計分析及討論。謹將本研究獲致之結論臚列如下： 壹、校長培育制度規劃可採本研究建構之四項內涵規劃 貳、高中校長培育專業課程： 一、受試者知覺整體高中校長培育專業課程為需要程度。 二、高中校長培育專業課程以行政管理得分最高。 三、於校長培育專業課程前先行學員評估，據以規劃課程。 參、高中校長現場實習及師傅校長制度 一、於培育課程中期開始，每週安排校長實習課程。 二、校長應每週一天赴學校實習，為期一學期至一學年。 三、依學員意願分配至願意提供實習之學校實習，並經培育單位同意。 四、校長應在二所以上（含二所）不同特色（或程度）學校實習。 五、師傅校長甄選應由校長團體推薦優秀且適合之校長，並經教育主管機關認可。 六、師徒配對方式，以培育單位提供師傅校長名單供學員（實習校長）選擇，並獲師傅校長同意較為合適。 七、師傅校長與學員（實習校長）的配對以一對一形式為佳，於適當時機，增加各師傅校長及各實習校長彼此互動機會，以獲致團隊學習效果。 八、師傅校長參與方式，在培育課程中，每週應安排師傅校長授課時 間。 九、獎勵師傅校長輔導實習校長較佳方式係發給合理酬勞。 肆、校長培育相關配套措施 一、宜由地方教育主管機關所屬教師進修研習中心負責辦理高中校長培育制度。 二、應以資績評分（含學歷、服務年資等）、口試及筆試三項分數選育人員。 三、校長培育專業課程若以儲訓班方式辦理，應儲訓九週至十二週為宜。 四、校長培育專業課程若以修碩士班層級校長學分班辦理，應修畢32學分。 五、校長培育專業課程，應安排於假日及寒暑假期間實施。 六、校長培育時程，應為半年以上未滿一年。 七、校長培育經費應由教育主管機關提供學員部分補助。 八、完成培育課程可於參與校長遴選時加分或將其列為參與校長遴選之必要條件，最能提昇校長參與培育意願。 / The purpose of this study is mainly focused on establishing the preparation prototype of senior high school principals in Taiwan; and the contents of this study contained the professional preparation courses, mentor principals, field internship and related accompanying measures etc. In order to establish the structure of this study, the author first conducted the literature review and generalization, as well as interviewed school teachers and principals and education authority to collect the data of field management as the opinions, in addition, the author then organized and revised the collected data and opinions to make a questionnaire as the research tool of this study. Adopted senior high school principals, directors, junior high school principals and education authority, the total number of them is 268, as the target to distribute this questionnaire; the number of returned questionnaire is 222, and the returned rate is reached 82.8%. Furthermore, mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution and cross table etc. methods were used to statistically analyze and discuss on the returned questionnaire of this study. The obtained outcomes are shown as follows: I. The principal preparation system can be implemented based on the four areas constructed by this research: II. Professional preparation courses of senior high school principals: 1.The degree of needs of professional preparation courses of senior high school principals perceived by the subjects. 2.Administrative management is ranked the highest in the professional preparation courses of senior high school principals. 3.The evaluation of trainees should be conducted before the commencement of the principal preparation courses in accordance with which the course contents should be planed. III. Senior high school principal internship and mentor principal system 1.Internship courses should be arranged every week since the middle of the preparation courses. 2.The principal should spend one day per week as an intern in school for the period between one semester and one school year. 3.The trainee should be assigned as an intern to the school which he/she so chooses which should be approved by the education authority 4.The principal should be an intern in at least two schools (including) which have different features (or levels). 5.The selection of mentor principals should be made from outstanding principals who are recommended by the principals’ association and approved by the education authority. 6.The matching of the mentor and disciple should be made by the trainee (intern principal) who makes selection from the list of mentor principals provided by the preparation institution. 7.The matching of the mentor principal and trainee (intern principal) is preferred in the one-to-one form. If opportunities allow, the interaction between the mentor principal and disciple principal should be increased to achieve the results of group learning. 8.In terms of the mentor principal’s participation, lecture hours should be arranged for the mentor principal. 9.The better incentive to encourage the mentor principal to provide guidance for the disciple principal is the provision of reasonable remuneration. IV. The supporting measures for the principal preparation 1.Teachers’ training institutions under the local education authorities should be responsible for the implementation of the principal preparation system. 2.The trainees should be selected as per their seniority and performance scores (including education, years of service, etc), oral examination and written examination. 3.In the event that the professional preparation courses of principals are undertaken for the purpose of training future principals, the adequate length of preparation should be between 9 weeks and 12 weeks. 4.In the event that the professional preparation courses of principals are undertaken by way of the principal credit program at the level of master’s degree, the total credits required for graduation should be 32 credits. 5.The professional preparation courses of principals should be implemented during holidays and summer, winter vacations. 6.The length of the professional preparation courses of principals should be between half a year and one year. 7.The education authority should subsidize part of the expenses of the professional preparation courses of principals. 8.The completion of the preparation courses may be treated as bonus points in the selection of principals or set as the requirement for the participation in the selection of principals, which will motivate principals to participate in the training program.