Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, May, 2009. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-79).

Orientadora: Telma Campanha de Carvalho Mádio / Banca: Ana Cristina de Albuquerque / Banca: Edberto Ferneda / Resumo: A questão da indexação e recuperação de imagens tem atraído a atenção de novos interessados, tanto os preocupados com o conteúdo informacional, quanto os interessados em desenvolver formas automatizadas de descrição e acesso ao conteúdo imagético. No contexto das imagens digitais, para que elas se tornem recursos disponíveis, recuperáveis e acessíveis é necessário um desenvolvimento de processos para construção de representações. Um impulso na revolução das imagens digitais foi dado pela expansão da utilização dos computadores, onde surgiram técnicas para captura, armazenamento, processamento e transmissão das mesmas. Neste sentido, o objetivo do trabalho foi discutir o processo de indexação e recuperação de imagens no contexto de sistemas informáticos. Abordamos tanto a indexação quanto a recuperação de imagens fotográficas, visando melhorar a precisão de recuperação desses documentos em sistemas de informação. O uso de metadados neste contexto é significativo, pois o funcionamento da web está ligado à facilidade de recuperação de dados. E assim, os sistemas de Recuperação da Imagem Baseado em Conteúdo (CBIR) evidenciam a necessidade da introdução de novos atributos/características, como a utilização de cor, formas, texturas. Mas somente essas propriedades não solucionam o problema da organização e recuperação de conteúdo imagético e, portanto nesse contexto a criação de metadados aos elementos básicos da linguagem visual: ponto, linha, forma, direção, tom, cor, textura, esc... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The issue of indexing and retrieval of images has attracted the attention of new stakeholders, both those concerned with the information content of the images and those interested in developing automated forms of description and access to images. In the context of digital images, for them to become available, retrievable and accessible resources, a process development is necessary for the construction of representations. An impulse in the digital imaging revolution was the expansion of computer use, where techniques for capturing, storing, processing and transmitting images emerged. In this sense, the objective of the work is the process of indexing and retrieving images in the context of computer systems. We address both indexing and retrieval of photographic images, aiming to improve the accuracy of image retrieval in information systems. The use of metadata in this context will be significant, as the operation of the web is linked to the ease of data recovery. Thus, Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems highlight the need to introduce new attributes / characteristics, such as the use of color, shapes, textures. But only these properties do not solve the problem of image organization and retrieval, and in this context, the creation of metadata to the basic elements of visual language: point, line, shape, direction, tone, color, texture, scale, dimension and motion for construction and image recovery will be the proposal and analysis of this research. And the results show that the software Sepiades, because it is a free software, although it is for image description, it becomes more accessible and compatible and its elements are susceptible of miscegenation, being a good solution. It is concluded that a significant participation of indexers in the development of software for organization and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Edberto Ferneda / Banca: Rachel Cristina Vesú Alves / Banca: Guilherme Ataíde Dias / Resumo: A Recuperação de Informação na Web tem se tornado a cada dia uma árdua tarefa devido à crescente produção e disponibilização de conteúdo. Estudos abordando a Recuperação de Informação de Música começaram a ganhar espaço na área de pesquisa da Ciência da Informação nos últimos anos. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo abordar métodos de recuperação de informação de música utilizando apenas os metadados ID3 como fonte de informação. Para a realização desta pesquisa foram abordados conceitos da música na Ciência da Informação relacionando-os aos formatos e representações da música armazenada digitalmente. Foram elencados os modelos computacionais de Recuperação de Informação e as principais técnicas de recuperação além de cenários de recuperação de informação de música baseados nestas técnicas, tendo como fonte de informação apenas os metadados ID3. No primeiro cenário, o usuário não se identifica durante o acesso e o sistema não contabiliza o número de vezes que um determinado item foi acessado, os resultados apresentados se dão apenas com base nos metadados ID3. No segundo cenário proposto, o usuário permanece sem identificação, porém o sistema passa a contabilizar a quantidade acessos de um determinado documento, permitindo ao usuário que selecione os documentos com base na sua quantidade de acessos. No terceiro cenário, com base na identificação do usuário, seria possível estabelecer um perfil de buscas, aplicando as técnicas de recuperação de informação apresentadas anteriormente. Os cenários propostos permitiram concluir que é possível recuperar informação de música apenas utilizando os metadados ID3 aplicando técnicas de Recuperação de Informação como: filtragem, agrupamentos, relevance feedback e sistemas de recomendação. / Abstract: The Web Information Retrieval has become every day a chore due to increased production and availability of content. Studies addressing the Music Information Retrieval began to gain ground in the research area of information science in recent years. This work aims to approach music information retrieval methods using only the ID3 metadata as source of information. For this research we were approached music concepts in information science relating them to the formats and representations of digitally stored music. They were listed computational models of Information Retrieval and key recovery techniques as well as music information retrieval scenarios based on these techniques, and as a source of information only the ID3 metadata. In the first scenario, the user is not identified for access and the system does not record the number of times that a particular item was accessed, the results presented only give based on ID3 metadata. In the second proposed scenario, the user remains unidentified, but the system will count the number of hits a particular document, allowing the user to select documents based on their amount of hits. In the third scenario, based on user identification, it would be possible to establish a search profile, applying information retrieval techniques listed above. The proposed scenarios showed that you can retrieve music information only using the ID3 metadata applying information retrieval techniques such as filtering, grouping, relevance feedback and recommendation systems. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-12-10T14:29:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000853676.pdf: 927163 bytes, checksum: ddc84732e55e9fd955b1ec291e162366 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A Recuperação de Informação na Web tem se tornado a cada dia uma árdua tarefa devido à crescente produção e disponibilização de conteúdo. Estudos abordando a Recuperação de Informação de Música começaram a ganhar espaço na área de pesquisa da Ciência da Informação nos últimos anos. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo abordar métodos de recuperação de informação de música utilizando apenas os metadados ID3 como fonte de informação. Para a realização desta pesquisa foram abordados conceitos da música na Ciência da Informação relacionando-os aos formatos e representações da música armazenada digitalmente. Foram elencados os modelos computacionais de Recuperação de Informação e as principais técnicas de recuperação além de cenários de recuperação de informação de música baseados nestas técnicas, tendo como fonte de informação apenas os metadados ID3. No primeiro cenário, o usuário não se identifica durante o acesso e o sistema não contabiliza o número de vezes que um determinado item foi acessado, os resultados apresentados se dão apenas com base nos metadados ID3. No segundo cenário proposto, o usuário permanece sem identificação, porém o sistema passa a contabilizar a quantidade acessos de um determinado documento, permitindo ao usuário que selecione os documentos com base na sua quantidade de acessos. No terceiro cenário, com base na identificação do usuário, seria possível estabelecer um perfil de buscas, aplicando as técnicas de recuperação de informação apresentadas anteriormente. Os cenários propostos permitiram concluir que é possível recuperar informação de música apenas utilizando os metadados ID3 aplicando técnicas de Recuperação de Informação como: filtragem, agrupamentos, relevance feedback e sistemas de recomendação. / The Web Information Retrieval has become every day a chore due to increased production and availability of content. Studies addressing the Music Information Retrieval began to gain ground in the research area of information science in recent years. This work aims to approach music information retrieval methods using only the ID3 metadata as source of information. For this research we were approached music concepts in information science relating them to the formats and representations of digitally stored music. They were listed computational models of Information Retrieval and key recovery techniques as well as music information retrieval scenarios based on these techniques, and as a source of information only the ID3 metadata. In the first scenario, the user is not identified for access and the system does not record the number of times that a particular item was accessed, the results presented only give based on ID3 metadata. In the second proposed scenario, the user remains unidentified, but the system will count the number of hits a particular document, allowing the user to select documents based on their amount of hits. In the third scenario, based on user identification, it would be possible to establish a search profile, applying information retrieval techniques listed above. The proposed scenarios showed that you can retrieve music information only using the ID3 metadata applying information retrieval techniques such as filtering, grouping, relevance feedback and recommendation systems.

As society becomes increasingly reliant on information technology for data exchange and long-term data storage the need for a system of data management to document and provide access to the 'societal memory' is becoming imperative. An examination of both the literature and current 'best practice' underlines the absence to date of a proven universal conceptual basis to digital data preservation. The examination of differences in nature and sources of origin, between traditional 'print-based' and digital objects leads to a re-appraisal of current practices of data selection and preservation. The need to embrace past, present and future metadata developments in a rapidly changing environment is considered. Various hypotheses were formulated and supported regarding: the similarities and differences required in selection criteria for different types of Digital Data Objects (DDOs), the ability to define universal threshold standards for a framework of metadata for digital data preservation, and the role of selection criteria in such a framework. The research uses Soft Systems Methodology to investigate the potential of the metadata concept as the key to universal data management. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the attitudes of information professionals in the United Kingdom towards the challenges facing information-dependent organisations attempting to preserve digital data over the long-term. In particular, the nature of DDOs being encountered by stakeholders, the reasons, policies, and procedures for preserving them, together with a range of specific issues such as: the role of metadata, access to, and rights management of DDOs. The societal need for selection to ensure efficient long-term access is considered. Drawing on - SSM modelling, this research develops a flexible, long-term management framework for digital data at a level higher than metadata, with selection as an essential component. The framework's conceptual feasibility has been examined from both financial and societal benefit perspectives, together with the recognition of constraints. The super-metadata framework provides a possible systematic approach to managing a wide range of digital data in a variety of formats, created/owned by a spectrum of information-dependent organisations.

Dramatic increasing of amount of data in running a business has been consireded a typical phenomenon of the last decade. This fact, however, has its impact on the business planning and decision making. The area, which deals with this problematics, is called Business Intelligence (BI). The problem lies in the implementation of applications directing to the BI, because it is often oriented only on isolated projects, so they cause only partial effect. In such cases, BI cannot fulfil the expected role, but still preserves the negatives instead. By saying negatives, it is meant: complicated searching for analytical outputs, significant dete-rioration of their output data, cost increase in administation of BI systems, and others. The solution can represented by integration of partial BI systems and by transfer of their BI metadata into a single informational system, serving as an "entering gate" for all the business workers. From the whole company perspective, there exist also benefits in the metadata managament, such as: determination of quality and usage of reports, prolonging of the life cycle, cooperative forming of the knowledge basis, consolidation of the terms in the business, more efficient way of browsing in the system and comprehensibility of analytical system's outputs. The aim of this diploma thesis is formation of a metadata presentation and its realization into a preselected information system, together with meeting of the advantages resulting from applying business metadata.

Instant messaging applications noted significant grow especially in the last decade. In fact, the Internet communication is cheap and convenient way how to communicate with distant people. However, this grow of user communication and data exchange through the online world impacts user security and privacy, as it was also shown recently by WhatsApp privacy issues. Firstly this article evaluates security and privacy issues of current mobile messaging applications. Secondly, we design our basic open source solution with the focus on security, privacy, and user centric features. Furthermore, we provide proof-of-concept implementation of our system

Fear of crime is an important topic in research as well as in public opinion. However, data on fear of crime is limited and difficult to collect, being heavily reliant on surveys with different methods of operationalization yielding different results. This paper aims to investigate if an alternative method can be used to estimate fear of crime. Using a large representative unique data on fear of crime from Google Trends, I analyze if fear of crime can be estimated in Sweden during years 2011-2019, using The Swedish Crime Survey as benchmark. The results show that the method is accurate for country-level and the most populated regions of Sweden, but less so for the lesser populated regions. This method can be used to estimate fear of crime in a time- and money-efficient way, producing daily estimates at little to no cost.

This thesis deals with concepts and solutions in the field of data management in everyday scientific life for image data from microscopy. The focus of the formulated requirements has so far been on published data, which represent only a small subset of the data generated in the scientific process. More and more, everyday research data are moving into the focus of the principles for the management of research data that were formulated early on (FAIR-principles). The adequate management of this mostly multimodal data is a real challenge in terms of its heterogeneity and scope. There is a lack of standardised and established workflows and also the software solutions available so far do not adequately reflect the special requirements of this area. However, the success of any data management process depends heavily on the degree of integration into the daily work routine. Data management must, as far as possible, fit seamlessly into this process. Microscopy data in the scientific process is embedded in pre-processing, which consists of preparatory laboratory work and the analytical evaluation of the microscopy data. In terms of volume, the image data often form the largest part of data generated within this entire research process. In this paper, we focus on concepts and techniques related to the handling and description of this image data and address the necessary basics. The aim is to improve the embedding of the existing data management solution for image data (OMERO) into the everyday scientific work. For this purpose, two independent software extensions for OMERO were implemented within the framework of this thesis: OpenLink and MDEmic. OpenLink simplifies the access to the data stored in the integrated repository in order to feed them into established workflows for further evaluations and enables not only the internal but also the external exchange of data without weakening the advantages of the data repository. The focus of the second implemented software solution, MDEmic, is on the capturing of relevant metadata for microscopy. Through the extended metadata collection, a corresponding linking of the multimodal data by means of a unique description and the corresponding semantic background is aimed at. The configurability of MDEmic is designed to address the currently very dynamic development of underlying concepts and formats. The main goal of MDEmic is to minimise the workload and to automate processes. This provides the scientist with a tool to handle this complex and extensive task of metadata acquisition for microscopic data in a simple way. With the help of the software, semantic and syntactic standardisation can take place without the scientist having to deal with the technical concepts. The generated metadata descriptions are automatically integrated into the image repository and, at the same time, can be transferred by the scientists into formats that are needed when publishing the data.