Tagging has proven attractive to art museums as a means of enhancing the indexing of online collections. This paper examines the state of the art in tagging within museums and introduces the steve.museum research project, and its study of tagging behaviour and the relationship of the resulting folksonomy to professionally created museum documentation. A variety of research questions are proposed and methods for answering them discussed. Experiments implemented in the steve.museum research collaboration are discussed, preliminary results suggested, and further work described.

No description available.

Data has an undoubtable impact on society. Storing and processing large amounts of available data is currently one of the key success factors for an organization. Nonetheless, we are recently witnessing a change represented by huge and heterogeneous amounts of data. Indeed, 90% of the data in the world has been generated in the last two years. Thus, in order to carry on these data exploitation tasks, organizations must first perform data integration combining data from multiple sources to yield a unified view over them. Yet, the integration of massive and heterogeneous amounts of data requires revisiting the traditional integration assumptions to cope with the new requirements posed by such data-intensive settings.This PhD thesis aims to provide a novel framework for data integration in the context of data-intensive ecosystems, which entails dealing with vast amounts of heterogeneous data, from multiple sources and in their original format. To this end, we advocate for an integration process consisting of sequential activities governed by a semantic layer, implemented via a shared repository of metadata. From an stewardship perspective, this activities are the deployment of a data integration architecture, followed by the population of such shared metadata. From a data consumption perspective, the activities are virtual and materialized data integration, the former an exploratory task and the latter a consolidation one. Following the proposed framework, we focus on providing contributions to each of the four activities.We begin proposing a software reference architecture for semantic-aware data-intensive systems. Such architecture serves as a blueprint to deploy a stack of systems, its core being the metadata repository. Next, we propose a graph-based metadata model as formalism for metadata management. We focus on supporting schema and data source evolution, a predominant factor on the heterogeneous sources at hand. For virtual integration, we propose query rewriting algorithms that rely on the previously proposed metadata model. We additionally consider semantic heterogeneities in the data sources, which the proposed algorithms are capable of automatically resolving. Finally, the thesis focuses on the materialized integration activity, and to this end, proposes a method to select intermediate results to materialize in data-intensive flows. Overall, the results of this thesis serve as contribution to the field of data integration in contemporary data-intensive ecosystems. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Orientadora: Plácida Leopoldina Ventura Amorim da Costa Santos / Banca: Silvana Aparecida Borsetti Gregório Vidotti / Banca: Rachel Cristina Vesu Alves / Banca: Fabiano Ferreira de Castro / Banca: Fabrício Silva Assumpção / Resumo: O catálogo é um ambiente pelo qual os usuários podem encontrar, identificar, selecionar e navegar para obter um recurso informacional. Seu desenvolvimento sempre esteve atrelado ao uso das tecnologias disponíveis, com o objetivo de aperfeiçoar e agilizar o processo de busca, localização, acesso e de recuperação. A base para esse instrumento é a construção de formas de representação realizadas por meio dos metadados. Entretanto, com a expansão e popularização da publicação de dados na Web, são necessários sistemas cada vez mais interoperáveis e alguns problemas ainda não foram solucionados como a identificação da origem, registros de ações, entre outras informações no domínio bibliográfico, principalmente no que diz respeito aos padrões de metadados, a abertura dos catálogos e repositórios digitais para o reaproveitamento de dados de bibliográficos. Nesse contexto a questão central desta pesquisa foi: qual a função dos metadados de proveniência nos registros bibliográficos em ambientes digitais? A partir da questão norteadora desta tese, considera-se que a catalogação pode auxiliar na construção de representações a partir dos metadados administrativos e de proveniência para permitir a confiabilidade e integridade dos dados de bibliotecas, e principalmente, a catalogação influencia diretamente na construção de descrições dos recursos informacionais em catálogos e repositórios digitais persistindo as informações nos registros bibliográficos. Nesse contexto, a hipótese da tese co... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The catalog is an environment by which users can find, identify, select and navigate to obtain an informational resource. Its development has always been linked to the use of available technologies, with the objective of improving and streamlining the search, localization, access and retrieval process. The basis for this instrument is the construction of forms of representation performed through the metadata. However, with the expansion and popularization of data publication on the Web, increasingly interoperable systems are needed and some problems have not yet been solved, such as origin identification, action records, among other information in the bibliographic domain, especially with respect to to the metadata standards, the opening of catalogs and digital repositories for the reuse of bibliographic data. In this context the central question of this research was: what is the function of provenance metadata in bibliographic records in digital environments? From the guiding question of this thesis, it is considered that the cataloging can help in the construction of representations from the administrative and provenance metadata to allow the reliability and integrity of the data of libraries, and mainly, the cataloging directly influences the construction of descriptions of the information resources in catalogs and digital repositories, persisting the information in the bibliographic records. In this context, the hypothesis of the thesis is that the PROV-O model, based on ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-134).

In this session, Dan Scott (the contributor of the schema.org microdata enhancement for Evergreen and a participant in the schemabibex effort to extend schema.org to better support bibliographic data) will discuss the origins of the microdata standards, explain how nominally machine-readable cataloguing data can fit into the machine-actionable semantic web, reflect on the impact that a microdata-enabled catalogue has had at Laurentian University to date, and offer some thoughts about the future of microdata – including the schema.org and RDFa Lite standards. / WARNING: you may come away with ideas not only for enriching your library system, but for your web site and other web-based library applications as well! Microdata enables search engines and other automated processes to make sense of the data on a web page — like identifying the title, author, and identification number of a book from all of the other content on a given page. Web pages enhanced with microdata contribute to the semantic web, and in turn are more likely to be incorporated into search engines and advanced web applications. If it sounds like we should publish microdata from Evergreen’s catalogue, you will be pleased to know that Evergreen was (naturally) the first library system to incorporate microdata in its default public catalogue with the 2.2.0 release in June 2012.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--OGI School of Science & Engineering at OHSU, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 174-181).

This paper reviews research into social tagging and folksonomy (as reflected in about 180 sources published through December 2007). Methods of researching the contribution of social tagging and folksonomy are described, and outstanding research questions are presented. This is a new area of research, where theoretical perspectives and relevant research methods are only now being defined. This paper provides a framework for the study of folksonomy, tagging and social tagging systems. Three broad approaches are identified, focusing first, on the folksonomy itself (and the role of tags in indexing and retrieval); secondly, on tagging (and the behaviour of users); and thirdly, on the nature of social tagging systems (as socio-technical framewor

The research report from the Principal Investigator of the first IMLS funded steve.museum research project. / Tagging has proven attractive to art museums as a means of enhancing access to on-line collections. The steve.museum research project studied tagging and the relationship of the resulting folksonomy to professionally created museum documentation. A variety of research questions were proposed, and methods for answering them explored. Works of art were assembled to be tagged, a tagger was deployed, and tagging encouraged. A folksonomy of 36,981 terms was gathered, comprising 11,944 terms in 31,031 term/work pairs. The analysis of the tagging of these works - and the assembled folksonomy - is reported here, and further work described. Tagging is shown to provide a significantly different vocabulary than museum documentation: 86% of tags were not found in museum documentation. The vast majority of tags - 88.2% - were assessed as Useful for searching by museum staff. Some users (46%) always contributed useful tags, while others (5.1%) never assigned a useful tag. Useful-ness increased dramatically when terms were assigned more than once. Activity for Registered Users was approximately twice that of Anonymous Users. The behaviour of individual supertaggers had far more influence on the resulting folksonomy than any interface variable. Relating tags to museum controlled-vocabularies proved problematic at best. Tagging by the public is shown to address works of art from a perspective different than that of museum documentation. User tags provide additional points of view to those in existing museums records. Within the context of art museums, user contributed tags could help reflect the breadth of approaches to works of art, and improve searching by offering access to alternative points of view. Tags offer another layer that supplements and complements the documentation provided by professional museum cataloguers.

To be inclusive, the Web needs published resources to be matched to individual users' needs and preferences for their perception and control. In a decade, this has not been achieved and many cannot make use of resources despite having appropriate facilities. This thesis argues that the necessary management of resources can be achieved with well-designed metadata. Demonstration and explanation of the accessibility problems, efforts to solve them and the current state of inaccessibility of Web resources, any resource that is available through the World Wide Web, is fundamental to the research. The author relies heavily on Dublin Core metadata as it is relatively easy to use; is probably the most populous metadata; can be managed with free software systems, and for commercial reasons. The research investigated what makes DC metadata, so apparently simple, powerful enough to be the most popular metadata because there is very little available that explains this. The thesis then documents the scientific view of metadata upon which effective use of metadata can be based in the context of accessibility. It argues, at a practical level, that metadata is essential and integral to any shift to an on-going process approach to accessibility. It contributes to the science of metadata in as much as it analyses, synthesizes, and articulates the characteristics of an essential infrastructure for a new approach to accessibility. The author argues in favour of an on-going process approach to accessibility of resources that supports continuous improvement of any given resource, not necessarily by the author of the resource, and not necessarily by design or with knowledge of the original author, by contributors who may be distributed globally. The thesis argues that the current dependence on production guidelines and post-production evaluation of resources as either universally accessible or otherwise, does not adequately provide for either the accessibility necessary for individuals or the continuous or evolutionary approach possible within the current Web environment. It argues that a distributed, social-networking view of the Web as interactive, combined with a social model of disability, given the management tools of machine-readable, interoperable AccessForAll metadata, as developed, can achieve the desired goals. It raises issues regarding its implementation in the distributed environment of the Web. Please note: The thesis is archived in a format that is not accessible to all and for this reason, the author may be contacted for alternative versions (liddy@sunriseresearch.org; liddy.nevile@gmail.com).