Thesis (M.F.A.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 33).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 187-192).

Orientador: Iakov Veniaminovitch Kopelecith / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T19:04:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Baring_LuisAugustoGomes_M.pdf: 14567195 bytes, checksum: 7a1e5edce6c8f77169b6643a7a7f0e21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: No presente trabalho, estudamos as propriedades físicas de amostras de bismuto, material que, quando na forma romboédrica, não é supercondutor, mas que pode apresentar supercondutividade quando na forma de filmes ou quando se apresenta em outra estrutura (cúbica, por exemplo), obtida sob pressão, ou, ainda, em sua forma amorfa. Observamos supercondutividade em um pó virgem de bismuto e em amostras preparadas a partir desse pó, mediante tratamento térmico. Dada a pequena fração volumétrica a que corresponde a fase supercondutora acreditamos que a supercondutividade ocorra em uma fração das amostras possivelmente relacionada à sua superfície. Mais interessante é que a supercondutividade é fortemente dependente das condições de tratamento térmico (as amostras preparadas a partir do pó de bismuto virgem podem apresentar supercondutividade ou não). Também realizamos medidas de magnetotransporte em uma amostra monocristalina de bismuto, confirmando certas observações já a feitas anteriormente, como a ocorrência de uma transição metal-isolante induzida por campo magnético / Abstract: In this work we study the physical properties of bismuth samples. Crystalline bulk bismuth, in the rhombohedral phase, is not superconducting, but, in the cubic phase, for example (obtained under pressure), in films and in the amorphous phase, may present superconducting transition. We observed superconductivity in a bismuth virgin powder and in samples prepared upon annealing this powder. Due to the small volumetric superconducting fraction we suspect that the superconductivity is related to the sample's surface. Moreover, the superconducting properties are strongly dependent upon the annealing conditions (these samples may be either superconducting or not). We also performed magnetotransport measurements in a single-crystalline bismuth sample and observed a characteristic feature of this material, namely, metal-insulator transition driven by applied magnetic field / Mestrado / Física da Matéria Condensada / Mestre em Física

A photolytic cell system suitable for the treatment of wastewater streams containing three pesticides, i) acephate, ii) glyphosate and iii) malathion is reported. The system is capable of destroying these three organic compounds, commonly present in wastewater streams originating from agrochemical industries in Malaysia, and can lead to complete mineralisation under the optimum conditions. The system is based on an advanced oxidation process and involves the production of hydroxyl free radicals in the presence of a UV source. The performance of the system, for the three pesticides, was optimised by investigating the effects of i) UV source, ii) pH of the solution, iii) initial concentration of the substrate, iv) addition of oxidants, v) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence and absence of single and mixed metal ions. To monitor the degradation efficiency of the system, the residual concentrations of these organic compounds and metal ions were analysed using five analytical techniques i) total organic carbon (TOC), ii) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), iii) ion chromatography (IC), iv) UV/Visible spectroscopy (UV/Vis), and v) atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The data show that the developed photolytic cell system is capable of achieving complete mineralisation of the three pesticides with the use of both 400 W and 600 W UV lamps. However, the 400W UV lamp was used, for economic reasons, to optimise the system for the remaining factors. Changes in the pH of aqueous solutions influenced the degradation efficiency and a complete degradation of the three pesticides was achieved at their self-pH values ranging from 5.0-5.5. The degradation of acephate increased and malathion decreased at their higher initial concentrations whereas no significant effect related to concentration was observed for glyphosate. Results show that the degradation followed a first order kinetics and the degradation rates were: malathion > acephate > glyphosate. The addition of 30 mg/L of H2O2 enhanced the degradation of the pesticides and after 5 hours irradiation these were 95.7%, 91.5% and 81.3% for malathion, acephate and glyphosate respectively. The presence of metal ions was observed to affect degradation (Table 1). With 5.0 mg/L of Fe(II) the degradation of all three pesticides increased, and in all cases acephate removal was improved. Removal of both malathion and glyphosate was negatively affected by copper, an effect that work with mixtures indicated was stronger than the positive effect of iron. The addition of H2O2, in the presence of single metal ions, increases the degradation. However, the addition of H2O2, in the presence of mixed metal ions, has no significant effect on the degradation of glyphosate and malathion. The effect of mixed metal ions on the three pesticides and the effect of Zn(II) ions on acephate and malathion are reported for the first time in this thesis. The developed photolytic cell system can be used for the treatment of wastewater streams originating from point sources, for example, agrochemical industries, under the optimum conditions. The synergistic combination of the developed system with the existing standard technologies is also proposed for the treatment of surface water at water treatment facilities in Malaysia. The application of the developed system can also be extended, with minimum modifications, for the treatment of wastewater streams originating from different manufacturing industries in Malaysia, for example, textile, paper/pulp, printing, coke, petroleum, paint, solvent, pharmaceuticals and wood-preserving chemicals. All these industries produce wastewater streams containing low concentrations of organic pollutants and heavy metal ions.

Thesis--Auburn University, 2009. / Abstract. Includes bibliographic references (p.83-85).

Thesis (D.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Chemistry, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 34).

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Canterbury, 2009. / Typescript (photocopy). "March 2009." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-94). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2009. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 39).

Metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors are becoming attractive devices for optoelectronic integrated circuits due to their high speed and simplicity. Optoelectronic matrix switches based on MSM detector arrays offer many advantages such as zero-bias off-state, low bias voltage, high speed and large bandwidth. While in many applications the optical input is coupled in through the top surface of the device, optical signals can also be distributed through transparent waveguides that are located below the absorbing detector layer. Such waveguide-coupled detectors will act as optical taps when the coupling between the waveguide and detector layers is well under control. In this thesis, a 4x4 MSM waveguide-coupled optoelectronic matrix switch was demonstrated and analyzed. The strength of the coupling between the waveguide and detector layers was predicted theoretically and confirmed experimentally. Franz-Keldysh effect in this device was also demonstrated. / Thesis / Master of Engineering (ME)