The aim of the thesis is to investigate Hegel's attempt to resurrect metaphysics in the Phänomenologie des Geistes. Chapter 1 sets forth Hegel's general strategy for the resurrection of metaphysics: to justify knowledge of reality as a whole through epistemology or the critique of knowledge. Chapter 2 then examines why Hegel thinks that the resurrection of metaphysics is necessary after its destruction by the Kantian critique of knowledge. Chapter 3 turns to Hegel's argument for the necessity of a critical justification of metaphysics. It reconstructs his arguments in behalf of the critique of knowledge, and it analyses his polemic against Schelling's postulate of intellectual intuition. The task of chapters 4 and 5 is to explain how Hegel resolves the problems that confront his ambition to justify metaphysics through the critique of knowledge. Chapter 4 considers the objections raised by the meta-critical campaign of Hamanm, Herder, Schulze, Schlogel and Reinhold, and it examines how Hegel attempts to re-establish tho programme of the critique of knowledge after the meta-critique. Chapter 5 discusses the problem of solipsism, and interprets the dialectic of chapters IV and IV.A of the Phänomenologie as Hegel's reply to the solipsist. Finally, chapter 6 is a historical study of Hegel's development toward the Phänomenologie in Jena. It describes the stages by which Hegel came to conceive his programme for the critical resurrection of metaphysics.

Folded almanacs are fascinating manuscripts that display astrological content relevant to the practice of medicine. However, due to the lack of primary evidence demonstrating the almanac in practice, it is difficult to ascertain their actual use. Medieval Scholars have therefore concentrated on the almanac's sources, materiality and contextual evidence of apparent medical purpose. My thesis examines the metaphysical principles within the folded almanac, which exemplify the micro/macrocosm inherent in medieval astro-medicine. I argue that the folded almanac, as a material object and compilation of medical knowledge, situates the physician, patient and constellations within metaphysical ideas of body, time and space. Using the yet unstudied folded almanac from the National Library of Scotland, Acc 12059.3 (the Borthwick almanac) as a primary model, I demonstrate how this physical object, in dealing with the corporeal body, exhibits the unity of body, time and space. This approach reveals that the folded almanac (1) is a performative object that establishes medical authority, (2) tracks the progress of health and illness using Aristotelian and Thomist concepts of time, (3) maps the intersection of celestial and human bodies onto practical textual spaces. The culmination of these findings illustrates that the folded almanac engaged with a very technical but abstract branch of medieval medicine which sought to explain how, why, when and where illness was manifested, and also operated as an interventional tool for aiding in the restoration of health.

Doctorat en Langues et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The Debate on Science and the Philosophy of life, which took place on the pages of several important journals in China during the year 1923, is an important witness to the evolution of the Chinese way of thinking. At this period, the Chinese society critically reflected upon its traditional culture and on the influences from the western civilization. Therefore many significant Chinese scientists, philosophers and journalists took part in this debate. This text's aims are the following: to create a concise report about the debate, its context, process and the evolution of its perception in the later periods in China or elsewhere and also to present in more detail three the topics that are significant for the whole debate. These topics can be used to investigate the variety of views among the debate's participants. The three topics covered are: (1) the concept of metaphysics, (2) free will and causality with regards to morality, and (3) education. The investigation of these topics allows us also to critically reflect upon the usual perception of the debate as a whole. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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