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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Cryptorhynchus melastomae (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) as a potential biocontrol agent for Miconia calvescens (Melastomataceae) in Hawaii

Reichert, Elisabeth, 1978- January 2007 (has links)
The distribution, biology and host preferences of Cryptorhynchus melastomae Champion (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were studied in Costa Rica from May to July 2005 and January to May 2006 to determine its suitability as a biocontrol agent for Miconia calvescens DC (Melastomataceae) in Hawaii. Specimen records compiled from various collections indicate a distribution from Mexico to Ecuador. In its native Costa Rica all life stages of C. melastomae are associated with M. calvescens and adults and larvae can severely damage or kill small seedlings. Adults are nocturnal and apparently prefer to feed and oviposit on M. calvescens seedlings. Comparisons between its environmental conditions in Costa Rica and Miconia-infested areas in Hawaii suggest the insect should thrive if released. Initial host range tests indicate that C. melastomae is host-specific to the Melastomataceae. This does not rule it out as a biocontrol agent because all Melastomataceae in Hawaii are invasive weeds; there are no native species on the islands.
2

Cryptorhynchus melastomae (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) as a potential biocontrol agent for Miconia calvescens (Melastomataceae) in Hawaii

Reichert, Elisabeth, 1978- January 2007 (has links)
No description available.
3

Controle biológico da planta invasora Miconia calvescens por uma nova espécie de Ditylenchus / Biological control of the invasive weed Miconia calvescens using a new species of Ditylenchus

Santin, Angelo Miguel 30 April 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:37:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 937955 bytes, checksum: e994bbbd173a1c574d82216b3fb1e780 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Exploratory assessments of phytopathogens associated with Miconia calvescens to be used for biological control have pointed the nematode Ditylenchus gallaeformans, a causal agent of galls and deformations in aerial tissues of Melastomataceae as being potentially fit for such purpose. The description of the new species with the proposition of the name D. gallaeformans is in submission phase for the publication. Considering the interaction of Melastomataceae with this nematode, the aim of this work was to study the biological and ecological aspects of the new species; galls histopathology induced in their hosts; host range; and the impact of the nematodes on plants of M. calvescens. D. gallaeformans host range was restricted to the plants of the family Melastomataceae with those of the genus Miconia being considered the most susceptible. D. gallaeformans was pathogenic to M. calvescens, both the Hawaii and Brazil biotypes. D. gallaeformans presented the typical habit of a migrant ectoparasite with life cycle mean duration of 19 days, from unicellular egg formation to the reproductive female phase. Rest stage at the fourth stage juvenile phase (J4), was verified, when the nematodes are in anhydrobiosis, what guarantees their survival in dehydrated plant material for up to 6 months. The nematode population in Viçosa, MG increased in the periods of higher temperatures; however, population density did not correlate with the climatic variables. The foliar galls formed by D. gallaeformans originated from hyperplasia of the fundamental meristem cells in the leaf primordia. The galls presented central cavities housing the nematodes and connected to the external environment. These cavities were surrounded by layers of dense cells responsible for supplying food to the nematodes. The most efficient inoculation method was the deposition of nematode suspension on the leaf primordia. A positive correlation was found among incidence, severity, and nematode population in plants inoculated at different concentrations of D. gallaeformans inoculum. The third leaf pair emitted after inoculation presented high correlation with incidence and severity, being considered the ideal point for evaluation of these variables. There was a decrease in the development of plants of M. calvescens with increased concentration of the inoculum of D. gallaeformans. It was concluded that D. gallaeformans is specific for the family Melastomataceae, with potential for the biological control of M. calvescens, in view of the damages caused to the plants. / Levantamentos exploratórios de fitopatógenos associados à Miconia calvescens para uso em controle biológico apontaram o nematóide Ditylenchus gallaeformans, agente causal de galhas e deformações em tecidos aéreos de melastomatáceas, como tendo potencial para este fim. Considerando a interação de melastomatáceas com este nematóide, objetivou-se estudar os aspectos biológicos e ecológicos da nova espécie; a histopatologia das galhas induzidas em seus hospedeiros; a gama de hospedeiros; e o impacto do nematóide em plantas de M. calvescens. A gama de hospedeiros de D. gallaeformans ficou restrita às plantas da família Melastomataceae e as do gênero Miconia foram consideradas as mais suscetíveis. D. gallaeformans foi patogênico à M. calvescens, tanto do biótipo do Havaí quanto do Brasil. D. gallaeformans apresentou o hábito típico de um ectoparasita migrador, com duração média do ciclo de vida desde ovo unicelular até a fase de fêmeas reprodutivas de 19 dias. Foi verificada a presença do estádio de repouso na fase de juvenil de quarto estádio (J4) quando os nematóides se encontram em anidrobiose, o que garantiu ao nematóide sobreviver em material vegetal desidratado por até seis meses. A população de nematóides em Viçosa, MG, foi maior nos períodos de temperaturas mais elevadas; entretanto, a densidade populacional não se correlacionou com as variáveis climáticas. As galhas foliares formadas por D. gallaeformans foram originadas da hiperplasia de células do meristema fundamental nos primórdios foliares. As galhas apresentaram cavidades centrais habitadas pelos nematóides e com ligação ao ambiente externo. Estas cavidades apresentaram, em seu entorno, camadas de células com conteúdo celular denso, responsável pelo fornecimento de alimento para os nematóides. O método de inoculação mais eficiente foi a deposição da suspensão de nematóides nos primórdios foliares. Houve correlação positiva entre incidência, severidade e população de nematóides em plantas inoculadas com diferentes concentrações de inóculo de D. gallaeformans. O terceiro par de folhas, emitido após a inoculação, apresentou alta correlação com a incidência e a severidade, sendo considerado o ponto ideal para avaliação destas variáveis. Houve redução no desenvolvimento de plantas de M. calvescens com o aumento da concentração de inóculo de D. gallaeformans. Concluiu-se que D. gallaeformans é especifico para a família Melastomataceae, com potencial para o controle biológico de M. calvescens, em vista dos danos causados às plantas.

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