Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:39:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3286.pdf: 1985838 bytes, checksum: e5ef56af190be032fb21c75bb7198227 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-01 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / Studies of marine natural products in 20 years of research have revealed a wide variety of molecules with complex structures and hitherto unknown, and potent biological activities. The aims of this study were to isolate microbial strains associated with Didemnum granulatum, to fermentate such strains for the production of crude extracts and the screening of these extracts for bioactive secondary metabolites. For the isolation of the strains, six different culture media were prepared with artificial sea water: malt extract 2% and 3%, carrot/potato, corn, oat and GPY. The strains were cultivated for 30 days in 250mL of the same culture media. The crude extracts were obtained by partition with ethyl acetate. The extracts were sent for the cytotoxic activity bioassay and analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel plate (with absorption in UV-vis). Among the 26 extracts, samples DG (M3) 6'C and DG (M3) 5'C showed potent cytotoxic activity, samples DG (B) 13, DG (M3) 1 and DG (G) 2B a moderate activity. The analysis by TLC indicated the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites in the extracts. The strains were identified as bioactive three fungal: DG (M 3) 6'C (Penicillium sp.) DG (M3) 5'C (Cladosporium sp.) DG (M3) 1 (Aspergillus sp.) And two bacterial: DG (B) 13 (Aurantimonas sp.) DG (G) 2B (Nocardiopsis sp.). These were grown on a larger scale of broth (500 mL) and extracted after 7, 14, 21 and 30 days of incubation. We carried out a cleaning process of these extracts by solid phase extraction (SPE) column of silica gel derivatized with C18 (35 mL of eluent: 100% H2O, MeOH/H2O 1:1 and MeOH 100%). The fractions generated were analyzed by HPLC-UV-MS trying to find characteristic profiles of secondary metabolites. From the DG sample (M3) 6'C (A + B), was isolated and identified the compound 13- deoxy-fomenona previously obtained by Tirilly et al. in 1983. Although this compound is not unheard of, no literature reports of studies involving bioassays cytotoxic against tumor cells and even this compound has been isolated from other species of microorganisms other than the fungus Dicyma pulvinata. / Os estudos sobre produtos naturais marinhos, durante os ultimos 20 anos de pesquisa, revelaram uma grande variedade de moleculas com estruturas complexas e ate entao desconhecidas, alem de potentes atividades biologicas. Assim, os objetivos deste trabalho foram isolar linhagens de micro-organismos associadas a ascidia Didemnum granulatum, sua posterior fermentacao para a producao de extratos brutos e a analise destes extratos na busca por metabolitos secundarios bioativos. Para o isolamento das linhagens foram utilizados os seguintes meios de cultura preparados com agua do mar artificial: extrato de malte 2% e 3%, cenoura/batata, fuba, aveia e GPY. A fermentacao das linhagens foi feita em 250 mL dos mesmos meios de cultura sem agar, durante 30 dias. Os extratos brutos foram obtidos por particao com acetato de etila. Estes extratos foram enviados para bioensaio de atividade citotoxica contra celulas tumorais e analisados por cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD) em placa de silica gel (com diferentes reveladores). Dentre os 26 extratos, as amostras DG(M3) 6 C e DG(M3) 5 C apresentaram potente atividade citotoxica, as amostras DG(B)13, DG(M3)1 e DG(G)2B uma atividade moderada. As analises por CCD indicaram a presenca de metabolitos secundarios nos extratos bioativos. As linhagens bioativas foram identificadas como sendo tres fungicas: DG(M3)6 C (Penicilium sp.); DG(M3)5 C (Cladosporium sp.); DG(M3)1 (Aspergillus sp.) e duas bacterianas: DG(B)13 (Aurantimonas sp.); DG(G)2B (Nocardiopsis sp.). Estas foram cultivadas em escala maior de meio liquido (500 mL) e extraidas apos 7, 14, 21 e 30 dias de incubacao. Realizou-se um processo de limpeza destes extratos por extracao em fase solida (SPE) em coluna de silica-gel derivatizada com C18 (35 mL dos eluentes: H2O 100%, MeOH/H2O 1:1 e MeOH 100%). As fracoes geradas foram analisadas por CLAE-UV-EM buscando-se encontrar perfis caracteristicos de metabolitos secundarios. A partir da amostra DG(M3) 6 C (A+B), foi isolado e identificado o composto 13-desoxi-fomenona, previamente obtido por Tirilly et al. em 1983. Apesar deste composto nao ser inedito, nao ha relatos na literatura de estudos envolvendo bioensaios citotoxicos contra celulas tumorais e nem mesmo deste composto ter sido isolado de outras especies de microrganismos que nao seja do fungo Dicyma pulvinata.