Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In Brazil, research to quantify annoyance caused by aircraft noise on people living close to airports and air bases is still incipient. Due to the augmented risk of accidents associated to armed aircraft operations but also due to noise emissions by military aircraft air bases, in general, should be located far away from populated areas. Nevertheless, urban development often approximates habited areas to airbases, causing several problems. The actual work aimed to investigate the opinions of a community, composed by civilians and military personnel, that resides close to the Santa Maria airbase (BASM) regarding various aspects, such as aircraft noise and satisfaction with other aspects, such as interference of aircraft noise in daily life, general effects of aircraft noise and individuals attitudes against exposure to aircraft noise. Besides the presence of the BASM and the actual operations on that airbase an expected expansion of the passenger terminal, which is expected to cause an increase in the number of civil aircraft operations and consequently an increase of noise emission, was relevant for the development of this research. The methodology adopted was of qualitative and quantitative nature. By means of observation of the daily life and the use of semistructured interviews the researcher seeked the approximation to the phenomenon of discomfort caused by aircraft noise in the vicinity of Santa Maria Air Base. The qualitative data obtained were analysed using the Grounded Theory, resulting in a conceptual model that shows the relationship between aircraft noise, context of the neighborhood and satisfaction with other aspects than aircraft noise. Based on the results from the qualitative data analysis a structured questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was applied to 400 individuals in order to measure those aspects that were identified as important during the qualitative approximation the phenomenon of discomfort caused by aircraft noise in the vicinity of Santa Maria Air Base. The results were analysed using univariate and multivariate statistics (Principal Axis Factoring). Factor scores for the effects factor and the annoyance the aircraft operations factor were computed and compared between civilians and military personnel showing both groups are similarly affected by the aircraft operations the comparison of the individual scores of civilians and military personnel on the annoyance the aircraft operations factor showed that the civilians feel more incomfortable than the military personnel / No Brasil, as pesquisas para quantificar o incômodo ocasionado pelo ruído aeronáutico sobre as populações próximas aos aeroportos e bases aéreas são incipientes. Devido ao risco de acidentes associados a operações de aeronaves com armamentos e às emissões de ruído de aeronaves em bases aéreas militares, em geral, estas deveriam estar localizadas longe de áreas povoadas. No entanto, com o desenvolvimento urbano, muitas vezes as áreas habitadas se aproximam das bases aéreas causando vários problemas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as opiniões de uma população composta por indivíduos civis e militares que residem próximos da Base Aérea de Santa Maria (BASM), em relação a diversos aspectos, tais como, a interferência do ruído das aeronaves na vida diária , os efeitos gerais do ruído das aeronaves e as atitudes dos indivíduos perante a exposição ao ruído dos aviões. Além da presença da BASM, as atuais operações da base aérea e a expansão do terminal de passageiros, que deverá causar aumento do número de operações de aeronaves civis e consequentemente um aumento da emissão de ruído, foram relevantes para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa. Por meio da observação da vida diária e o uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas a pesquisadora buscou a aproximação com o fenômeno do incômodo causado pelo ruído das aeronaves nas proximidades da Base Aérea de Santa Maria. Os dados qualitativos obtidos foram analisados utilizando a Grounded Theory, resultando em um modelo conceitual que mostra a relação entre o ruído das aeronaves, o contexto do bairro e a satisfação com outros aspectos do ruído das aeronaves. Com base nos resultados da análise qualitativa dos dados foi desenvolvido um questionário estruturado. O questionário foi aplicado a 400 indivíduos, com a finalidade de medir os aspectos que foram identificados como importantes durante a aproximação qualitativa e o fenômeno do incômodo causado pelo ruído das aeronaves nas proximidades da Base Aérea de Santa Maria. Os resultados foram analisados utilizando estatística univariada e multivariada (Principal Axis Factoring). Os escores fatoriais para o fator efeitos e o fator incômodo provocado pelas operações aeronáuticas foram calculados e comparados entre civis e militares mostrando que ambos os grupos são igualmente afetados pelas operações das aeronaves e a comparação das pontuações individuais de civis e militares no fator incômodo mostrou que os civis se sentem mais incomodados que os indivíduos militares.

No description available.

Thesis (Master of Military Studies)-Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. / Title from title page of PDF document (viewed on: Jan 5, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

The modern military aircraft can be defined as a System of Systems (SoS); several distinct systems operating simultaneously across boundary interfaces. As the on-board subsystems have become more complex and diverse, the development process has become more isolated. When considering thermal management of distributed heat loads, the aircraft has become a collection of individually optimised components and subsystems, rather than the implementation of a single system to perform a given task. Avionic thermal management is quickly becoming a limiting factor of aircraft performance, reliability and effectiveness. The challenge of avionic thermal management is growing with the increasing complexity and power density of avionic packages. The aircraft relies on a heat rejection growth capacity to accommodate the additional through-life avionic heat loads. Growth capacity is defined as an allowable thermal loading growth designed into the system by the underutilisation of spatial and cooling supply at aircraft introduction; however, this is a limited resource and aircraft subsystem cooling capability is reaching a critical point. The depleted growth capacity coupled with increased avionic power demands has led to component thermal failure. However, due to the poor resolution of existing data acquisition, experimental facilities or thermodynamic modeling, the exact inflight-operating conditions remain relatively unknown. The knowledge gap identified in this work is the lack of definitive methodology to generate high fidelity data of in-flight thermal conditions of fast-jet subsystems and provide evidence towards effective future thermal management technologies. It is shown that, through the development of a new methodology, the knowledge gap can be reduced and as an output of this approach the unknown system behaviour can be defined. A multidisciplinary approach to the replication, analysis and optimisation of a fast-jet TMS is detailed. The development of a new Ground Test Facility (GTF) allows previously unidentified system thermal behaviour to be evaluated at component, subsystem and system level. The development of new data to characterise current thermal performance of a fast jet TMS allows recommendations of several new technologies to be implemented through a component led integrative system optimisation. This approach is to consider the TMS as a single system to achieve a single goal of component thermal management. Three technologies are implemented to optimise avionic conditions through the minimisation of bleed air consumption, improve avionic reliability through increased avionic component isothermalisation and increase growth capacity through improved avionic heat exchanger fin utilisation. These component level technologies improved system level performance. A reduction in TMS bleed air consumption from 1225kg to 510kg was found to complete a typical flight profile. A peak predicted aircraft specific fuel consumption saving of 1.23% is seen at a cruise flight condition because of this approach to avionic thermal management.

This dissertation describes a research study conducted to determine the benefits and use of ontology technologies to support a simulation environment that evaluates countermeasures employed to protect military aircraft. Within the military, aircraft represent a significant investment and these valuable assets need to be protected against various threats, such as man-portable air-defence systems. To counter attacks from these threats, countermeasures are deployed, developed and evaluated by utilising modelling and simulation techniques. The system described in this research simulates real world scenarios of aircraft, missiles and countermeasures in order to assist in the evaluation of infra-red countermeasures against missiles in specified scenarios. Traditional ontology has its origin in philosophy, describing what exists and how objects relate to each other. The use of formal ontologies in Computer Science have brought new possibilities for modelling and representation of information and knowledge in several domains. These advantages also apply to military information systems where ontologies support the complex nature of military information. After considering ontologies and their advantages against the requirements for enhancements of the simulation system, an ontology was constructed by following a formal development methodology. Design research, combined with the adaptive methodology of development, was conducted in a unique way, therefore contributing to establish design research as a formal research methodology. The ontology was constructed to capture the knowledge of the simulation system environment and the use of it supports the functions of the simulation system in the domain. The research study contributes to better communication among people involved in the simulation studies, accomplished by a shared vocabulary and a knowledge base for the domain. These contributions affirmed that ontologies can be successfully use to support military simulation systems / Computing / M. Tech. (Information Technology)

This ex post facto inquiry investigated the existence of an association between advanced formal education and the largely psychomotor task of flying military aircraft. The analysis of data indicated that such an association does exist. Data were analyzed by computer comparison of two separate data bases. The first data base included selected U.S. Air Force officers' educational histories. The second set of data included aircrew standardization/evaluation qualification grade scores. Individual subjects were identified, and for each subject a record was formed that included the subject's standardization flight proficiency grade and advanced educational background. Group subsets of selected variables were then recorded in 2 X 2 contingency tables and statistical calculations using chi square tests of independence were applied.